• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.655-664
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• 2014

최근 많은 기업들이 팀제를 활용하고 있지만 팀의 업무 수행 향상에 효과적이고 효율적인 피드백 제공방법에 대한 연구는 부족한 상황이다. 이에 본 연구의 목적은 팀 수행 상황에서 개인 피드백과 집단 피드백이 과업 수행의 양과 질에 미치는 효과를 비교하는 것이었다. 실험 과제는 영어 문서를 컴퓨터에 입력하는 것이었고 수행의 양은 입력된 단어의 수로, 수행의 질은 올바르게 입력된 단어의 비율로 측정되었다. 혼합설계(mixed design)가 적용되었고 총 48명의 참가자들은 개인과 집단 피드백 집단에 무선적으로 할당되었다. 각 팀은 3명으로 구성되었고 총 4회기 동안 함께 과제를 수행하였다. 개인피드백 조건에서는 각 참가자에게 개인의 수행에 대한 정보만 제공되었고, 집단 피드백 조건에서는 팀의 전체 수행 합에 대한 정보만을 제공하였다. 참가자들의 타이핑 속도를 통제한 공변량 분석결과, 두 가지 피드백 모두 수행의 양을 증가시키는 데 효과적이었지만, 효과크기는 집단 피드백이 더 높았다. 수행의 질에 있어서는 집단 피드백 조건에서만 올바르게 입력한 비율이 유의미하게 증가하였다. 따라서 개인 피드백 보다는 집단 피드백이 과업 수행 증가에 좀 더 효과적, 효율적이라고 할 수 있다. 하지만 본 연구결과는 기존의 연구결과와는 상반된 결과로 일반화하기 위해서는 더 많은 관련 연구가 필요하다. 특히 후속연구에서는 문화 차이, 과제 종류에 대한 고려가 필요하다.

• 한국의료질향상학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.324-334
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• 1998

Background : Strategic planning is an organizationwide or systemwide, ongoing look into the future usually of 2~3 years, based on objective analysis of the current environment and trends, but it can incorporate both short-term and long-term goals. The strategic planning process includes external analysis, internal analysis, issue analysis, development of mission, vision and values, and lastly development of organizational goals and objectives. As a part of the strategic quality planning process, certain service lines, important organizationwide functions, or key processes supporting these functions can be prioritized to expedite and roll out certain strategic goals. This is called strategic quality initiatives. Methods : We organized a quality improvement team, a subgroup of 21st century vision planning corps of our medical center, and pursued QI activities for improvement of healthcare environment, particularly in the admission setting. We developed a strategic quality initiative based on the results of patient satisfaction surveys, and carried out functions of self-directed work team. Results : The strategic goal was to be the benchmark for peer group hospitals in Korea for providing cost-effective best-practice. The QI team included 3 medical doctors, 1 nurse, 1 social worker, and 1 QI consultant as well as many operational members to support services and quality initiatives met every Tuesday for 18 weeks. Outcome objectives were to improve patient satisfaction score. The issues included in the objectives were comfort, temperature, noise, cleanliness of the admission wards, quality and education of patient meals, matters regarding the admission process, and an appurtenant facility such as restaurant or convenience store. Every issue was discussed and recommendations, conclusions and opportunities were implemented. Conclusions : By developing a strategic quality initiative as a part of the strategic quality planning process, and pursuing a self-directed work team, certain sen/ice lines, important organizationwide functions, or key processes supporting these functions can be improved effectively within a short period. Strategic quality initiatives serve to support, or roll out, certain strategic goals that are relevant to performance improvement and development of specific measurable outcome objectives, and associated performance measure for each initiative. Each strategic quality initiative should include a statement of intent outcome objectives, and performance measures. We will come back with follow up of the strategic quality initiative, for improvement of healthcare environment, and results of patient satisfaction re-survey.

• 태양에너지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.10-20
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• 1992

본 실험에서는 산업폐수, 가정폐수, 지하수 등에 오염되는 유독성 유기물 처리를 위한 태양반응시스템의 개발을 목적으로 batch형 광분해 반응시스템을 구성하여 수처리 분해 실험을 실시하였다. 실험실 규모의 batch형 반응기를 구성하여 수질 개선용 광화학 반응 활용의 기술적 타당성을 확보하고자 하였으며 다음과 같은 결론을 얻을수 있었다. (1) $TiO_2$ anatase, $TiO_2$ rutile 그리고 $V_2O_5$를 대상으로 광촉매 선정을 위한 실험결과, 본 실험조건에서는 band gap energy가 약 3.2 eV인 $TiO_2$ anatase가 유해 유기물 TCE의 가장 높은 분해율을 나타내었다. $TiO_2$ anatase의 결정구조는 XRD 관찰에 의하여 확인할 수 있었으며, BET-$N_2$ 측정결과 단위무게당 표면적은 약 7.748 $m^2/g$ 이었다. (2) $TiO_2$ anatase의 투입량이 많을수록 TCE분해율도 증가하였다. 그러나 투입량이 0.1 wt% 이상이 될 경우 분해율의 증진은 아주 미미하여서 0.1 wt%의 $TiO_2$ anatase 양을 slurry batch 형 시스템 실험에 최선으로 채택하였다. (3) $H_2O_2$의 양이 TCE 분해율에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과 적정량은 약 0.06 volume%임을 알 수 있었다. 이는 적정량의 $H_2O_2$는 OH radical의 형성을 촉진시키지만 과량의 존재시에는 오히려 OH radical과 반응하여 이를 소모하는 역효과를 나타내기 때문이다. (4) 광반응기의 head space를 변화시키면서 산소양의 TCE 분해율에 미치는 영향을 관찰한 결과 TCE 분해반응식의 이론적 stoichiometry로나 실험적으로나 산소양이 아주 중요한 변수임을 알수 있었다.

• 천문학논총
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.347-352
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• 2012

Understanding infrared (IR) luminosity is fundamental to understanding the cosmic star formation history and AGN evolution, since their most intense stages are often obscured by dust. Japanese infrared satellite, AKARI, provided unique data sets to probe this both at low and high redshifts. The AKARI performed an all sky survey in 6 IR bands (9, 18, 65, 90, 140, and $160{\mu}m$) with 3-10 times better sensitivity than IRAS, covering the crucial far-IR wavelengths across the peak of the dust emission. Combined with a better spatial resolution, AKARI can measure the total infrared luminosity ($L_{TIR}$) of individual galaxies much more precisely, and thus, the total infrared luminosity density of the local Universe. In the AKARI NEP deep field, we construct restframe $8{\mu}m$, $12{\mu}m$, and total infrared (TIR) luminosity functions (LFs) at 0.15 < z < 2.2 using 4,128 infrared sources. A continuous filter coverage in the mid-IR wavelength (2.4, 3.2, 4.1, 7, 9, 11, 15, 18, and $24{\mu}m$) by the AKARI satellite allows us to estimate restframe $8{\mu}m$ and $12{\mu}m$ luminosities without using a large extrapolation based on a SED fit, which was the largest uncertainty in previous work. By combining these two results, we reveal dust-hidden cosmic star formation history and AGN evolution from z = 0 to z = 2.2, all probed by the AKARI satellite.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.267-280
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the status of infection control nurses (ICNs) and their activities, and to identify the factors affecting the level of infection control activities. Methods: Data were collected from 199 hospitals from June 24 to July 26, 2016. The structured questionnaires included status of infection control nurses, type and level of infection control activities. Results: Most participating hospital were advanced general hospital (20.1%) and general hospital (67.8%). Among the hospitals, 86.4% had an infection control department (ICD). The average hospital work experience of ICNs was 14.62 years, and their average infection control career was for 4.94 years. Among the ICNs, 85.6% worked in full time and the average number of beds per ICN was 311.21. There were significant differences in the existence of ICD, infection control activities including surveillance, outbreak investigation, negative pressure room, hand hygiene monitoring, disinfection, and sterilization according to hospital size. The level of infection control activities was higher with more number of ICNs, ICN employment as full time, and healthcare institution accreditation status. The explanatory power was 37.5%. Conclusion: These results of this study which reflect infection control status of healthcare facilities with more than 150 beds in 2016 will provide baseline data to establish infection control system in small to medium sized hospitals after the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome outbreak in 2015.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.12-19
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• 2006

It is positively necessary to study on the stiffness of a 13degree-type impact tester in order to improve the fracture prediction of impact testing in wheels using FE(finite-element) analysis. The 13degree-type impact tester consists of an impact striker, a wheel fixer, a steel plate, and four cylindrical rubbers. Important parts of the tester are the steel plate and four cylindrical rubbers which play a role of absorbing impact energy during impact testing. Because of these buffers, the RF(reaction force) variation of the lower part in the 13degree-type impact tester showed the tendency like a damped harmony oscillation during impact testing. In order to investigate the stiffness of a 13degree-type impact tester, this work measured each stiffness of a steel plate and cylindrical rubbers. The stiffness of a cylindrical rubber was measured using a compressive tester. On the other hand, the stiffness of a steel plate was predicted by simulating experimental method using FE analysis.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제23권8호
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• pp.1099-1106
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• 2013

Tuta absoluta (Povolny, 1994) is a devastating moth to the Solanaceae plants. It is a challenging pest to control, especially on tomatoes. In this work, we studied the entomopathogenic activity of the Cry-forming ${\delta}$-endotoxins produced by Bacillus thuringiensis strain KS and B. thuringiensis kurstaki reference strain HD1 against T. absoluta. These strains carried the cry2, cry1Ab, cry1Aa/cry1Ac, and cry1I genes, and KS also carried a cry1C gene. The ${\delta}$-endotoxins of KS were approximately twofold more toxic against the third instar larvae than those of HD1, as they showed lower 50% and 90% lethal concentrations (0.80 and 2.70 ${\mu}g/cm^2$ (${\delta}$-endotoxins/tomato leaf)) compared with those of HD1 (1.70 and 4.50 ${\mu}g/cm^2$) (p < 0.05). Additionally, the larvae protease extract showed at least six caseinolytic activities, which activated the KS and HD1 ${\delta}$-endotoxins, yielding the active toxins of about 65 kDa and the protease-resistant core of about 58 kDa. Moreover, the histopathological effects of KS and HD1 ${\delta}$-endotoxins on the larvae midgut consisted of an apical columnar cell vacuolization, microvillus damage, and epithelial cell disruption. These results showed that the KS strain could be a candidate for T. absoluta control.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.239-247
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• 2012

Purpose: This study is to assess the level of student perceptions, academic achievement, satisfaction, and their relationships in a medical-surgical nursing course using team-based learning (TBL). Method: Four-hour TBL sessions were given in a structured three-phase sequence in a cohort of 261 second year nursing students. Results: Mean perceptions of TBL was $6.64{\pm}5.11$, and $8.30{\pm}4.11$ for perceptions of teamwork. On a 7-point scale, the mean satisfaction score was $4.85{\pm}1.41$, and 64.0% of nursing students were satisfied with TBL compared to lecture. Group readiness assurance test score was significantly higher than individual readiness assurance test score (t=-16.76, p<.001). Perceptions of TBL (F=1.40, p=.245), perceptions of team work (F=1.55, p=.202) and satisfaction (F=0.81, p=.489) was not different by the level of students' academic achievement on items related TBL. Conclusion: Results indicates that TBL was an effective instructional strategy including favorable perceptions and satisfaction for nursing students. TBL could be an adjunct educational strategy for undergraduate nursing education.

• 생태와환경
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.109-137
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• 2020

Upo Wetland is the largest riverine wetland in Korea which has been inscribed on the Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance in 1998. In this study, sedimentological study was carried out in order to understand the environmental changes in Upo Wetland during the Holocene. The drilling work for recovering the Quaternary sediments was conducted on the inner part (UPW17-01, UPW17-02, and UPW17-03) and the outer part (UPL17-01, UPL17-02) of the Upo Wetland. The recovered sediments are commonly characterized by gravel-dominated deposits in the lower part and silty clay-dominated deposits in the middle to upper parts respectively, which are seemed to be changed from fluvial to palustrine/lacustrine environments around 4,000 cal yr BP. In order to establish the Holocene diatoms distribution from Upo Wetland, we identified 63 diatom taxa. Of these, 14 species were new records for Korea: Gomphonema consector, Gomphonema jadwigiae, Hantzschia abundans, Luticola pseudomurrayi, Luticola spauldingiae, Neidium suboblongum, Ninastrelnikovia gibbosa, Oricymba rhynchocephala, Pinnularia borealis var. lanceolata, Pinnularia latarea, Pinnularia paliobducta, Pinnularia saprophila, Sellaphora laevissima, Stauroneis pseudoschimanskii. All identified diatom species are illustrated by high-quality scanning electron microscopic and light microscopic microphotographs. The ecological habitat for all taxa are presented.

• 한국실천공학교육학회논문지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.38-45
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• 2012

게임제작은 전산학을 가르치는 효과적이고 매력적인 방법이다. 다중사용자 게임제작은 기술, 팀웍, 소프트웨어 공학등 중요한 측면들을 요구하고 있다. 전체 클래스를 다수의 팀으로 구성하고, 학생들은 하나 혹은 두 개의 팀에 속하였다. 각 팀은 한학기동안 자신들의 진행상황을 발표하고, 향후 이정표와 트러블슈팅에 대해 논의하고, 명확한 소통을 위해 문서를 갱신하고, SVN(Subversion)을 활용하였다. 다른 클래스 구성과 달리, 모든 학생이 하나의 목적을 달성하려는 회사처럼 서로 협력하여 일을 했다. 한학기동안 학생들은 개념설계부터 시작해서 "deBugger(2009)"와 "World of Balance(2011)"라는 다중사용자 온라인 게임을 완성했다. 더불어 게임설계, 3D 그래픽스, 게임엔진, 서버-클라이언트 구조, 게임프로토콜, 네트워크 프로그래밍, 데이터베이스, 소프트웨어공학, 팀 프로젝트로서 대규모 어플리케이션 제작방법들을 학습할 수 있었다.