• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.655-664
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• 2014

Recently, many organizations are utilizing the team system. However, researches on a technique for efficient and effective feedback to improve a team performance is few. This study compared the relative effects of individual and group feedback on the quantity and quality of work performance. The task was to type English documents on a PC computer and both the number of words typed (quantity) and the percentage of correctly typed words (quality) were measured. Mixed design was adopted and 48 participants were randomly assigned to either individual or group feedback condition. Each group consisted of three participants and completed four sessions together. Under the individual feedback condition, each participant was provided with information on his/her own work performance, while under the group feedback condition, three participants were provided with information on their total work performance. Results showed that both feedback were effective to increase the quantity of performance. However, the effect size of treatment was more high under the group feedback than individual feedback. In addition, the accuracy of typed words was significantly improved only under the group feedback condition. Therefore, the group feedback was more effective and efficient than individual feedback to increase team performance. However, more studies are needed to generalize these results, especially, it is necessary to consider the cultural differences and type of task in the future studies.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.324-334
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• 1998

Background : Strategic planning is an organizationwide or systemwide, ongoing look into the future usually of 2~3 years, based on objective analysis of the current environment and trends, but it can incorporate both short-term and long-term goals. The strategic planning process includes external analysis, internal analysis, issue analysis, development of mission, vision and values, and lastly development of organizational goals and objectives. As a part of the strategic quality planning process, certain service lines, important organizationwide functions, or key processes supporting these functions can be prioritized to expedite and roll out certain strategic goals. This is called strategic quality initiatives. Methods : We organized a quality improvement team, a subgroup of 21st century vision planning corps of our medical center, and pursued QI activities for improvement of healthcare environment, particularly in the admission setting. We developed a strategic quality initiative based on the results of patient satisfaction surveys, and carried out functions of self-directed work team. Results : The strategic goal was to be the benchmark for peer group hospitals in Korea for providing cost-effective best-practice. The QI team included 3 medical doctors, 1 nurse, 1 social worker, and 1 QI consultant as well as many operational members to support services and quality initiatives met every Tuesday for 18 weeks. Outcome objectives were to improve patient satisfaction score. The issues included in the objectives were comfort, temperature, noise, cleanliness of the admission wards, quality and education of patient meals, matters regarding the admission process, and an appurtenant facility such as restaurant or convenience store. Every issue was discussed and recommendations, conclusions and opportunities were implemented. Conclusions : By developing a strategic quality initiative as a part of the strategic quality planning process, and pursuing a self-directed work team, certain sen/ice lines, important organizationwide functions, or key processes supporting these functions can be improved effectively within a short period. Strategic quality initiatives serve to support, or roll out, certain strategic goals that are relevant to performance improvement and development of specific measurable outcome objectives, and associated performance measure for each initiative. Each strategic quality initiative should include a statement of intent outcome objectives, and performance measures. We will come back with follow up of the strategic quality initiative, for improvement of healthcare environment, and results of patient satisfaction re-survey.

• Solar Energy
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.10-20
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• 1992

In this experiment, photochemical reaction has been applied to destroy TCE in water phase. The main target of this work is to investigate the technical feasibility of large scale of solar detoxification reactor for water treatment. The results have revealed that solar detoxification utilizing photon energy from the sun is the most attractive process to decompose organic toxins in water phase at room temperature. The detailed results from this work are as follows; (1) The highest conversion ratio of TCE was obtained by using $TiO_2$, annatase as a photocatalyst among $TiO_2$ anatase, $TiO_2$ rutile and $V_2O_5$ under the same experimental condition. The anatase crystal structure was confirmed with XRD analysis, and its surface area was 7.748 $m^2/g$ from the BET-$N_2$ measurement (2) 0.1 wt% of $TiO_2$ anatase has been adopted as optimal quantity for batch slurry reactor at this experimental conditions. (3) The effect of hydrogen peroxide on the conversion of TCE was investigated. Its optimal quantity was 0.06 vol. % under this experimental conditions. (4) The effect of oxygen on the conversion of TCE also was studied by controlling the head space in photoreactor. Results indicated that sufficient amount of oxygen should be supplied to accomplish the highest conversion rate of TCE in water phase.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.347-352
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• 2012

Understanding infrared (IR) luminosity is fundamental to understanding the cosmic star formation history and AGN evolution, since their most intense stages are often obscured by dust. Japanese infrared satellite, AKARI, provided unique data sets to probe this both at low and high redshifts. The AKARI performed an all sky survey in 6 IR bands (9, 18, 65, 90, 140, and $160{\mu}m$) with 3-10 times better sensitivity than IRAS, covering the crucial far-IR wavelengths across the peak of the dust emission. Combined with a better spatial resolution, AKARI can measure the total infrared luminosity ($L_{TIR}$) of individual galaxies much more precisely, and thus, the total infrared luminosity density of the local Universe. In the AKARI NEP deep field, we construct restframe $8{\mu}m$, $12{\mu}m$, and total infrared (TIR) luminosity functions (LFs) at 0.15 < z < 2.2 using 4,128 infrared sources. A continuous filter coverage in the mid-IR wavelength (2.4, 3.2, 4.1, 7, 9, 11, 15, 18, and $24{\mu}m$) by the AKARI satellite allows us to estimate restframe $8{\mu}m$ and $12{\mu}m$ luminosities without using a large extrapolation based on a SED fit, which was the largest uncertainty in previous work. By combining these two results, we reveal dust-hidden cosmic star formation history and AGN evolution from z = 0 to z = 2.2, all probed by the AKARI satellite.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.267-280
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the status of infection control nurses (ICNs) and their activities, and to identify the factors affecting the level of infection control activities. Methods: Data were collected from 199 hospitals from June 24 to July 26, 2016. The structured questionnaires included status of infection control nurses, type and level of infection control activities. Results: Most participating hospital were advanced general hospital (20.1%) and general hospital (67.8%). Among the hospitals, 86.4% had an infection control department (ICD). The average hospital work experience of ICNs was 14.62 years, and their average infection control career was for 4.94 years. Among the ICNs, 85.6% worked in full time and the average number of beds per ICN was 311.21. There were significant differences in the existence of ICD, infection control activities including surveillance, outbreak investigation, negative pressure room, hand hygiene monitoring, disinfection, and sterilization according to hospital size. The level of infection control activities was higher with more number of ICNs, ICN employment as full time, and healthcare institution accreditation status. The explanatory power was 37.5%. Conclusion: These results of this study which reflect infection control status of healthcare facilities with more than 150 beds in 2016 will provide baseline data to establish infection control system in small to medium sized hospitals after the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome outbreak in 2015.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.12-19
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• 2006

It is positively necessary to study on the stiffness of a 13degree-type impact tester in order to improve the fracture prediction of impact testing in wheels using FE(finite-element) analysis. The 13degree-type impact tester consists of an impact striker, a wheel fixer, a steel plate, and four cylindrical rubbers. Important parts of the tester are the steel plate and four cylindrical rubbers which play a role of absorbing impact energy during impact testing. Because of these buffers, the RF(reaction force) variation of the lower part in the 13degree-type impact tester showed the tendency like a damped harmony oscillation during impact testing. In order to investigate the stiffness of a 13degree-type impact tester, this work measured each stiffness of a steel plate and cylindrical rubbers. The stiffness of a cylindrical rubber was measured using a compressive tester. On the other hand, the stiffness of a steel plate was predicted by simulating experimental method using FE analysis.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.1099-1106
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• 2013

Tuta absoluta (Povolny, 1994) is a devastating moth to the Solanaceae plants. It is a challenging pest to control, especially on tomatoes. In this work, we studied the entomopathogenic activity of the Cry-forming ${\delta}$-endotoxins produced by Bacillus thuringiensis strain KS and B. thuringiensis kurstaki reference strain HD1 against T. absoluta. These strains carried the cry2, cry1Ab, cry1Aa/cry1Ac, and cry1I genes, and KS also carried a cry1C gene. The ${\delta}$-endotoxins of KS were approximately twofold more toxic against the third instar larvae than those of HD1, as they showed lower 50% and 90% lethal concentrations (0.80 and 2.70 ${\mu}g/cm^2$ (${\delta}$-endotoxins/tomato leaf)) compared with those of HD1 (1.70 and 4.50 ${\mu}g/cm^2$) (p < 0.05). Additionally, the larvae protease extract showed at least six caseinolytic activities, which activated the KS and HD1 ${\delta}$-endotoxins, yielding the active toxins of about 65 kDa and the protease-resistant core of about 58 kDa. Moreover, the histopathological effects of KS and HD1 ${\delta}$-endotoxins on the larvae midgut consisted of an apical columnar cell vacuolization, microvillus damage, and epithelial cell disruption. These results showed that the KS strain could be a candidate for T. absoluta control.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.239-247
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• 2012

Purpose: This study is to assess the level of student perceptions, academic achievement, satisfaction, and their relationships in a medical-surgical nursing course using team-based learning (TBL). Method: Four-hour TBL sessions were given in a structured three-phase sequence in a cohort of 261 second year nursing students. Results: Mean perceptions of TBL was $6.64{\pm}5.11$, and $8.30{\pm}4.11$ for perceptions of teamwork. On a 7-point scale, the mean satisfaction score was $4.85{\pm}1.41$, and 64.0% of nursing students were satisfied with TBL compared to lecture. Group readiness assurance test score was significantly higher than individual readiness assurance test score (t=-16.76, p<.001). Perceptions of TBL (F=1.40, p=.245), perceptions of team work (F=1.55, p=.202) and satisfaction (F=0.81, p=.489) was not different by the level of students' academic achievement on items related TBL. Conclusion: Results indicates that TBL was an effective instructional strategy including favorable perceptions and satisfaction for nursing students. TBL could be an adjunct educational strategy for undergraduate nursing education.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.109-137
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• 2020

Upo Wetland is the largest riverine wetland in Korea which has been inscribed on the Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance in 1998. In this study, sedimentological study was carried out in order to understand the environmental changes in Upo Wetland during the Holocene. The drilling work for recovering the Quaternary sediments was conducted on the inner part (UPW17-01, UPW17-02, and UPW17-03) and the outer part (UPL17-01, UPL17-02) of the Upo Wetland. The recovered sediments are commonly characterized by gravel-dominated deposits in the lower part and silty clay-dominated deposits in the middle to upper parts respectively, which are seemed to be changed from fluvial to palustrine/lacustrine environments around 4,000 cal yr BP. In order to establish the Holocene diatoms distribution from Upo Wetland, we identified 63 diatom taxa. Of these, 14 species were new records for Korea: Gomphonema consector, Gomphonema jadwigiae, Hantzschia abundans, Luticola pseudomurrayi, Luticola spauldingiae, Neidium suboblongum, Ninastrelnikovia gibbosa, Oricymba rhynchocephala, Pinnularia borealis var. lanceolata, Pinnularia latarea, Pinnularia paliobducta, Pinnularia saprophila, Sellaphora laevissima, Stauroneis pseudoschimanskii. All identified diatom species are illustrated by high-quality scanning electron microscopic and light microscopic microphotographs. The ecological habitat for all taxa are presented.

• The Journal of Korean Institute for Practical Engineering Education
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.38-45
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• 2012

Building a game has been used as effective and attractive way of teaching computer science. Building a usable Multi-player Game is requires important aspects of technology, teamwork and software engineering principles. The whole class was structured in to several teams and students needed to join one or two teams. Each team presented their progress, discussed future milestones and troubleshoots, updated documents for clearer communication and utilized SVN(Subversion) throughout the semester. Unlike usual class setting, all students worked collaboratively together like one company to achieve the goal. In one semester, students started from concept design and completed a working Multiplayer Online Game called "deBugger" (Fall 2009), and "World of Balance" (Fall 2011), while learning game design, 3D graphics, Game Engine, Server-client architecture, Game Protocol, network programming, database, Software Engineering principles, and large application development as a team project.