• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.293-299
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• 1999

Bone scintigraphy with $^{99m}Tc-methylene$ diphosphonate(MDP) performed for 20 weeks per two weeks interval respectively after fracture in seven(male 3 heads, female 4 heads) canine radius were analysed. All of bone scans performed 2 weeks to 20 weeks after fracture showed increase in generalized tracer uptake and showed localized increase in tracer uptake at the fracture site. Bone scans and ratio performed 6 weeks after fracture showed the most outstanding increase in generalized and localized tracer uptake. New bone formation had been observed from 2 weeks and they were incorporated completely on 18 weeks, they showed most activity during 6-10 weeks after fracture. It was recognized that the bone scan with $^{99m}Tc-methylene$ was quite sensitivity but low specificity on the fracture healing in canine radius.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.77-86
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• 1994

The bone scan reflects the metabolic reaction of bone to a disease process, whether neoplastic, traumatic or inflammatory. In normal bone tissue, the labeled diphosphate complexes accumulate in the perivascular fluid next to the marrow cavity at the interface between uncalcified and calcified bone matrix. HMDP has the most rapid plasma clearance among the commonly used diphosphonate followed by MDP and then HEDP. I have studied about bone scan time by use of $^{99m}Tc-MDP$, and got 336 images from 112 patients. The result obtained as follow; 1. Accumulation rate of $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ is higher than other age groups in below 30-year old group. 2. Accumulation rate, in 10year old group, is 75.85% on 120min. but other groups are most high on 180 min. 3. The density differants between bone and soft tissue increased with time. 4. Image contrast is good in younger group than old.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.436-437
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• 2000

A 63-year-old male who had subtotal gastrectomy for early gastric cancer three months ago underwent Tc-99m bone scintigraphy for the evaluation of skeletal metastases. He had no symptoms such as fever, tenderness, or wound discharge. On physical examination, the surgical scat along the midline of the upper abdomen had keloid formation and there was no radiographic evidence of calcification. Bone scintigraphy (Fig. 1A & 1B) demonstrated all unusual linear increased uptake along the midline of the upper abdomen that corresponded to the,skin incision for subtotal gastrectomy. Usually, an incisional scar will not be visualized in Tc-99m methylene diphosphate (MDP) scintigraphy beyond two weeks after surgery.$^{1)}$ Upon reviewing the literature, there were only a few reports where localization of Tc-99m MDP in surgical scars were found two months after surgery.$^{2)}$ It was also reported that a few cases with Tc-99m MDP uptake in the keloid scar developed after surgery. Although there are several potential mechanisms that may explain the uptake of Tc-99m MDP in scar tissue, the primary mechanism in older scars is suggested to be a result of pathological calcification.$^{2)}$ Siddiqui et al$^{3)}$ suggested it could be due to microscopic calcification in small resolving hematomas. However, the primary mechanism in keloid scar is not well-known. We should obtain oblique or lateral views to differentiate the uptake in healing surgical scars from the artifactual uptake.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.222-228
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• 1990

The development of histomorphometric and histodynamic investigations has permitted the description of a specific and complex osteopathy in hyperthyroidism. The increased bone turnover rate in hyperthyroid patients may be accompanied by a considerable bone loss. These features are associated with both inclosed osteoclastic bone resorption and increased osteoblastric bone formation, with an accelerated calcification rate. Conventional biochemical markers of bone metabolism, i.e. serum calcium and alkaline phosphatase and urinary hydroxyproline and calcium are normal in most patients with hyperthyroidism. However, the correlation between serum BGP and serum concentration of thyroid hormon suggests that serum BGP may be a sensitive marker of increased bone formation due to the hypersecretion of thyroid hormones. Any increase in bone turnover, whether focal or diffuse, will result in an increase in $^{99m}Tc-methylenediphosphonate$ uptake (MDP). The measurement of this uptake in hyperthyroid patients by bone provides a sensitive and objective means of quantifying skeletal metabolism. Using a standard shadow-shield whole-body monitor and radioimmunoassay kit, we have measured whole-body retention of $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ up to 24hr and concentration of serum Osteocalcin in 20 patients with hyperthyroidism and in 42 normals. The results were as follows; 1) The average of serum Osteocalcin level in 42 patients with normals was $9.90{\pm}4.87(ng/ml)$ and in 20 patients with hyperthyroidism was $19.54{\pm}5.7(ng/ml)$. Both the averages of serum Osteocalcin and 24hr $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ uptakes in hyperthyroid patients were higher than those in normals. 2) $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ uptakes in skeletal system increased in proportion to normal ageing after 40 yrs old in 42 patients with normals. The average of $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ uptakes in hyperthyroid patients were higher than those in normals without related ageing. 3) A significant relationships between the $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ uptakes and serum Osteocalcin level were peformed (r=0.55, $y=17.58+6.7\times$). From the above results we concluded that the measurement of serum Osteocalcin and 24hr $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ uptakes can be used for evaluation of bone turnover as a specific marker in hyperthyroid patients.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.172-177
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• 1999

목적: 핵의학과에서 가장 흔하게 이용되는 골 신티그라피가 인체에 방사선 장해를 일으키는지 아니면 오히려 적응반응을 통하여 유리한 작용을 하는지 여부를 알기 위하여 이 연구를 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법: 골 신티그라피를 시행한 22명의 환자(남자 6명, 여자 16명, 평균 연령 $50{\pm}14$세)를 대상으로 Tc-99m-methylene diphosphonate (Tc-99m-MDP) 주사 전과 주사 후 4시간에 각각 5 ml씩 채혈하여 배양하고 배양 46시간 후에 Cs-137조사기(central dose rate=654 Gy/h, Gammacell 3000 Elan, Nordion, Canada)를 이용하여 2 Gy의 감마 방사선을 조사하였다. 대조군 10명의 혈액을 채혈하여 Tc-99m-MDP 주사전에 채혈한 군과 같은 방법으로 조사하고 배양하였다. Colcemid 처리 2시간 후에 수확하여 세포 600개당 불안정 염색체인 반지형과 이 중 중심체형 염색체의 숫자를 계수하여 각 군 간의 불안정염색체계수를 분산 분석으로 비교하였다. 결과: Tc-99m-MDP를 주사하기 전에 채혈하고 2 Gy를 조사한 군과 대조군에서 2 Gy를 조사한 군의 불안정염색체의 수는 유의한 차이가 없었다(각각 $385.1{\pm}30.5$, $367.8{\pm}36.6$, p>0.05). 하지만 Tc-99m-MDP를 주사한 후에 채혈하고 2 Gy를 조사한 군에서 불안정 염색체의 수가 유의하게 감소하였다($192.6{\pm}22.1$, p=0.0001). 결론: 골 신티그라피에 의한 저선량의 방사선 조사에 의해서 말초혈액 림프구가 적응반응을 나타내어 다음에 이어지는 방사선 장해에 대해 저항성을 갖는 다는 사실을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.336-339
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• 2003

Purpose: A 6-year-old boy with osteogenic sarcoma of the left humerus underwent bone scintigraphy. Tc-99m MDP was accumulated not only in the primary tumor but also in the osseous and extraosseous (pulmonary and pericardial) metastases. Osteogenic sarcoma directly produces osteoid, both in the primary and metastatic lesions. Tc-99m MDP is avidly taken up by tumor osteoid. At initial presentation, only 2% of cases have both pulmonary and osseous metastases. The patient had osseous, pulmonary, and pericardial metastases at presentation. This case presents that increased uptakes of Tc-99m MDP by the primary and metastatic tumor were demonstrated on bone scintigraphy at presentation.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.465-468
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• 2001

Elbow hygroma and hypertrophic osteodystrophy were diagnosed in Doberman referred to Veterinary Teaching Hosptial of Chungbuk national University. Physical examination, plain radiography, and bone scan were performed in the patient. The radiography revealed soft tissue swelling on the caudal region of the elbow and irregular radiolucent zone involving the metaphysis subjacent and parallel to the distal radial and ulnar physes. The bone scan of the forelimbs revealed increased uptake in region where the soft, fluid-filled mass on the elbow was present. But the radiolucent areas (the distal radial and ulnar physes) were seen normal bone uptake. Therefore, hypertrophic osteodystrophy ruled out the diagnosis. $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ scan is suitable to routine clinical use for soft tissue inflammation and bone lesions detection.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.79-82
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• 1982

A case of extraosseous uptake of ureteral transitional cell Cancer on $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ bone scan was experienced. The Hot spot seemed to be caused by the tumor uptake of $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ ifself.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.280-286
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• 2003

목 적 : 폐암의 골전이 진단을 위해 흔히 이용하는 골주사는 예민도는 높으나 특이도가 낮아서, 악성 병변과 양성 병변을 구분하는 데에는 유용성이 낮다. 최근 전신 촬영이 가능한 $^{18}FDG$ PET이 암 진단에 널리 이용되고 있으므로 폐암의 골전이를 진단하는데 있어서 골주사와의 차이를 비교하기 위해 후향적 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 폐암으로 진단된 환자 중 골수사와 전신 $^{18}FDG$ PET를 시행한 시간 차이가 1달 이내인 92명을 대상으로 하였다. 골전이의 판정은 골주사와 $^{18}FDG$ PET에서 이상 부위를 단순 X-선, 자기공명영상으로 평가하거나, 추적 영상검사로 확진하였다. 결 과 : 폐암의 골전이를 판정하는데 있어서 골주사의 민감도, 특이도, 정확도는 각각 59%, 71%, 68%이었으며, $^{18}FDG$ PET의 경우 각각 82%, 94%, 91%으로 $^{18}FDG$ PET이 골주사보다 특이도와 정확도에서 유의하게 우월하였다(p<0.0001). 결 론 : 폐암의 골전이를 평가하는데 있어서 $^{18}FDG$ PET은 전통적인 골주사보다 유용한 검사로 생각된다.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.117-125
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• 2003

$^{99m}Tc$ 표지 방사성의약품을 이용한 핵의학 영상검사를 받은 환자들에서 방사선 적응반응이 개인간에 어느 정도 차이가 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. $^{99m}Tc-DTPA$ 신장 신티그라피를 시행한 환자 23명, $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ 골 신티그라피를 시행한 환자 18명 및 $^{99}mTc-TF$ 심근관류 신티그라피를 시행한 환자 21명, 총 62명의 환자를 대상으로 방사성의약품 주사 전, 그리고 주사후 4시간째 채혈하여 림프구를 채취 배양하였다. 고선량 방사선조사는 배양 46시간째 $^{137}Cs$ 조사기를 사용하여 2 Gy의 감마선을 조사하였다. 불안정 염색체의 발생빈도를 Ydr값으로 표현하였고, 방사선 적응반응 지수(k)는 저선량 전처치후 Ydr값을 전처치 전 Ydr값으로 나누어 k값이 1 미만일 때 방사선 적응반음이 유도되는 것으로 간주하였다. 대상환자 62명 중 61명에서 방사선 적응반응이 유도되었고 $^{99m}Tc-DTPA,\;^{99m}Tc-MDP$ 및 Tc-99m-TF 환자군에서 k값의 변동계수 (CV)는 각각 35%, 34%, 21%였다. k값은 성별, 나이 및 병명과 상관관계가 없었다. 핵의학검사를 시행한 환자들에서 방사성 의약품에 의해 유도된 방사선 적응반응은 다양한 개인차가 있었으며, 성별, 나이 또는 병명과 관계없는 다른 원인에 의한 것으로 판단되었다.