• Title/Summary/Keyword: Taxonomic characters

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The Report on the Taxonomic Characters, Ecological Risk and Weed Risk Assessment of Putative Invasive Alien Plants which are Designated in Law by the Ministry of Environment in Korea as Environmentally Harmful Species (III)

  • Kim, Tae-Hee;Yoon, ChangYoung;Kim, Joo-Hwan
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.34 no.3
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    • pp.223-248
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    • 2021
  • We conducted a taxonomic study and agricultural environmental risk assessments of 41 putative invasive alien plants designated by the Ministry of Environment in 2016. In order to achieve the goal, we carried out the field survey four times including the United States, Australia, and Mexico, and investigated specimens, literature, and other information including seed morphology, classification key, and habitat conditions. In this study, we reported the taxonomic characters, ecological risk, and weed risk assessment of 41 putative invasive alien plants, and suggested significant information about 11 species to contribute to establish solutions of regulation management for putative invasive alien plants - Spirodela punctata (G.Mey.) C.H.Thomps. (Araceae), Sagittaria graminea Michx. (Alismataceae), Elodea nuttallii (Planch.) H.St. John, Hydrocharis morsus-ranae L., Stratiotes aloides L. (Hydrocharitaceae), Eichhornia azurea (Swartz) Kunth, Monochoria hastata (L.) Solms (Pontederiaceae), Aegilops tauschii Coss. (Poaceae), Myriophyllum heterophyllum Michx. (Haloragaceae), Bunias orientalis L. (Brassicaceae), and Heracleum sosnowskyi Manden. (Apiaceae).

The Report on the Taxonomic Characters, Ecological Risk and Weed Risk Assessment of Putative Invasive Alien Plants which are Designated in Law by the Ministry of Environment in Korea as Environmentally Harmful Species (II)

  • Hyun, JongYoung;Yoon, ChangYoung;Kim, Joo-Hwan
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.33 no.3
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    • pp.200-219
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    • 2020
  • We performed taxonomic reviews and habitat circumstances survey for 41 un-introduced environmentally harmful plants (as designated by the Ministry of Environment, Korea in 2016). For this purpose, we investigated plant specimens from several herbaria and performed a field survey in the southeastern region of the United States. Base on the result, we presented the most comprehensive results of weed risk evaluation and taxonomic description up to now as well as classification keys for 11 species to apply the regulation management of putative invasive alien species - Centaurea maculosa Lam., Centaurea diffusa Lam., Mikania micrantha Kunth. (Asteraceae), Cenchrus echinatus L., Neyraudia reynaudiana (Kunth) Keng ex Hitchcock, Brachiaria mutica (Forsskål) Stapf, Vulpia bromoides (L.) Gray, Lolium persicum Boissier & Hohennacker, Setaria palmifolia (J. Konig) Stapf (Poaceae), Prosopis glandulosa Torr. (Fabaceae), Fallopia baldschuanica (Regel) Hobub. (Polygonaceae).

The Report on the Taxonomic Characters, Ecological Risk and Weed Risk Assessment of Putative Invasive Alien Plants which are Designated in Law by the Ministry of Environment in Korea as Environmentally Harmful Species (IV)

  • Hyun, Jong Young;Yoon, Chang Young;Kim, Joo-Hwan
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.34 no.6
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    • pp.616-632
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    • 2021
  • We performed taxonomic reviews and habitat circumstances survey for 41 un-introduced environmentally harmful plants (as designated by the Ministry of Environment, Korea in 2016). And we investigated plant specimens from several herbaria and performed a field survey in the southeastern region of the United States. Based on the result, we presented the most comprehensive results of weed risk evaluation and taxonomic description up to now as well as classification keys for 11 species to apply the regulation management of putative invasive alien species - Senecio madagascariensis Poir., Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski, Ageratina riparia (Regel) R.M. King & H. Rob. (Asteraceae), Andropogon gayanus Kunth (Poaceae), Echinocystis lobata (Michx.) Torr. & A. Gray (Cucurbitaceae), Salvinia minima Baker (Salviniaceae), Vincetoxicum rossicum (Kleopow) Barbar. (Asclepiadaceae), Asparagus asparagoides (L.) Druce (Asparagaceae), Alternanthera pungens Kunth (Amaranthaceae), Salpichroa origanifolia (Lam.) Thell., and Lycium ferocissimum Miers (Solanaceae).

A Taxonomic Study on Korean Allium L. Based on the Morphological Characters (형태학적 형질에 기초한 한국산 부추속의 분류학적 연구)

  • Choi, Hyeok-Jae;Jang, Chang-Gee;Lee, You-mi;Oh, Byoung-Un
    • Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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    • v.37 no.3
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    • pp.275-308
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    • 2007
  • For 20 taxa of Korean Allium, including 16 species and 5 varieties, examined were morphological characters (i.e. sexuality, structure and shape of underground part, types and growing patterns of leaf and scape, and shapes of perianth, filament and pistil). The specialization and the evolutionary trends of taxonomic characters were inferred from morphological examination. Taxonomic relationships and system of Korean Allium were also studied. The characters showing evolutionary trends were the structure and shape of underground part including rhizome and bulb, leaf, scape, inflorescens, filament and ovary. It seemed that thin and short rhizome developed from thick and long one, and the membranous simple bulb tunic evolved into fibrous reticulate one. The presence of hyaline sheath in A. monanthum of sect. Microscordum was apomorphic. Both angular leaf blade with 2-rowed vascular bundle and flat blade with 1-rowed vascular bundle were developed from terete one with 2-rowed vascular bundle. The base of filament have differentiated from entire to toothed, and 2-ovuled ovary as well as erect scape before flowering was plesiomorphic type. In addition, sexuality, structure of underground part, the presence of hyaline sheath and cross-section structure of leaf were taxonomic characters with the level of the subgenus in this genus. Shape of rhizome, bulb, leaf, scape and pedicel discriminated each section from other ones in the subgenera easily. The shape and arrangement of perianth and filaments were the diagnostic characters for species level along with shape of ovary and stigma.

Monographic Study of the Endemic Plants in Korea IX. Taxonomy and interspecific relationships of the genus Melandrium (한국 고유식물의 종속지 IX. 장구채속식물의 분류와 종간유연관계)

  • 정영호
    • Journal of Plant Biology
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    • v.31 no.1
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    • pp.51-68
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    • 1988
  • To clarity the species of genus Melandrium (Caryophyllaceae) in Korea, the taxonomic characters were described and interspecific relationships were discussed to the extemal morphology with light and scanning electron microscopy. The position and size of appendages on petal, the shape and venation pattern of leaf, and the external morphology of seed and pollen were approved as the good characters to classify genus Melandrium in Korea. As the result, genus Melandrium in Korea could be arranged as 6 species, 1 variety, 1 forma. M. umbellatum was exclusively distributed in north Korea, and its taxonomic treatment was reserved.

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Taxonomic Studies of Korean Tripterospermum japonicum (Max.) Max. and Pterygocalyx volubilis Max. (한국산 덩굴용담과 좁은잎덩굴용담의 분류학적 재검토)

  • 백원기
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.61-73
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    • 2003
  • External and anatomical characters such as stem, leaf, ovary, calyx lobe, ultrastructure of stigma epidermis of leaf blade and midvein, corolla lobe, seed coat and pollen were examined on Pterygocalyx volubilis and Tripterospermum japonicum of Korean Gentianaceae. Fruit characters(capsule and berry), absent or not of corona and pollen characters(reticulate and striate) has been used by identification characters of two taxa. But study results, external characters(root, leaf, calyx lobe, stigma, anther), internal characters(calyx love, ovary) and ultrastructure characters(epidermis o leaf blade and midvein, corolla lobe, seed coat) were useful for species identification. Taxonomic relationships among problematic taxa were discussed.

A Report on the Taxonomic Characters, Ecological Risk and Weed Risk Assessment of Un-introduced Plants which are Designated in Law by the Ministry of Environment in Korea as Environmentally Harmful Species (I) (환경부지정 한반도 미유입 환경위해우려식물종에 대한 분류학적 특성, 환경위해성 및 잡초위험평가 자료 보고 (I))

  • Yoon, Chang-Young;Park, Kwang-Woo;Jung, Joonhyung;Hyun, JongYoung;Kim, Joo-Hwan
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.32 no.5
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    • pp.543-558
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    • 2019
  • This study was carried out to apply the taxonomic characters to identify and to provide the habitat circumstances for forty one un-introduced environmentally harmful plants in the Korea which have been designated by Ministry of Environment in 2016. We investigated the dried plant specimen from several herbaria and performed field habitat survey in western coast area of United States including California, Oregon and Washington. We suggest the first result for ecological risk discussion, weed risk assessment, taxonomic characters and classification keys for 8 species with the related species - Carduus acanthoides L. (Asteraceae), Carduus tenuiflorus W. Curtis (Asteraceae), Onopordum acanthium L. (Asteraceae), Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M. King & H. Rob. (Asteraceae), Hydrocotyle ranunculoides L.f. (Apiaceae), Oenanthe pimpinelloides L. (Apiaceae), Ehrharta erecta Lam. (Poaceae), and Paspalum conjugatum P.J. Bergius (Poaceae).

A taxonomic study of the genus Actinidia in Korea (한국산 다래나무속의 분류학적 연구)

  • Kim, Yoon-Young;Oh, Byoung-Un
    • Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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    • v.43 no.4
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    • pp.285-295
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    • 2013
  • The genus Actinidia has been recorded as having total six taxa, composed of four species and two varieties, in Korea. However, its taxonomy remains complex because of disagreement on taxonomic characters used for species boundaries. Based upon morphological, anatomical, and palynological characters, we re-evaluated species delimitations in the genus Actinidia. Critical observation of wild populations and extensive herbarium materials including types were also carried out. It is generally considered that leaf thickness and shape, hair type and color were important diagnostic characters to identify species, but these characters were insufficient to be diagnostic characters because of their wide variation ranges. On the other hands, pith pattern, winter bud protrusion rate, scale leaf number, anther color, fruit shape, and maturity season were taxonomic significance. A. arguta var. platyphylla and A. arguta var. rufinervis have been identified by hair type and color, but these characters showed continuous variation in A. arguta. Therefore, two varieties are treated as synonyms of A. arguta. Consequently four species are recognized in Korea: A. polygama, A. kolomikta, A. rufa, and A. arguta. A key is provided, as well as complete descriptions of the species examined, including information on nomenclatural types, and synonymies.

A taxonomic Study of Lysimachia sect. Spicatae (Primulaceae) Based on Morphological Characters (형태학적 형질에 의한 까치수염속(Lysimachia) Spicatae절 식물의 분류학적 연구)

  • Kim, Jin Man;Tae, Kyoung-Hwan;Kim, Joo-Hwan
    • Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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    • v.37 no.1
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    • pp.61-78
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    • 2007
  • The general morphological characters of Lysimchia sect. Spicatae were reviewed. From the results, numerical analyses were conducted based on 34 morphological characters from 14 populations of three species in Korea in order to investigate the key characters among the treated taxa and taxonomic delimitation and to discuss the systematic relationship. Habitat, leaf apices, presence or absent of hair on leaves, stipules, stems and bracts, branch of stems, kind of hair on floral axis and pedicels, shape of florescens were important diagnostic characters to identify the species. The relationship between Lysimachia clethoides and L. barystachys was more close than that of L. fortunei based on the quantitative characters. Also, a new key was made up from the result.

Phylogenetic Relationship of Ganoderma Species with the Polyporaceae Based on RFLP Analysis of the Nuclear ITS Region

  • Park, Hong Je;Shin, Kee Sun;Lee, Dong Hun;Bae, Kyung Sook
    • Journal of Microbiology
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    • v.34 no.2
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    • pp.117-123
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    • 1996
  • Restriction-polymorphic patterns of nuclear-ITS were examined for the genetic relationships among 12 bisidiomycetous mushrooms to Aphyllophorales and Agaricales. The taxonomic affinity of Ganoderma species with the family Polyporaceae also was examined. With 13 restriction endonucleases, 159 restriction characters were generated form the 12 species examined. UPGMA and neighbor-joining analyses separated the 12 species into two genetically distinct groups that correspond to orders (Agaricales and Aphyllophorales) where each species is included. This result indicates that there is clear genetic demarcation between Agaricales and Aphyllophorales. Dendrograms constructed by several data analyses showed that even though Ganoderma species are somewhat in intermediate taxonomic position between the Polyporaceae and families of the Agaricales, they are genetically more related to the Polyporaceae. These results are consistent with morphological characters observed in those mushrooms. However, it is premature to conclude taxonomic status Ganoderma species in the present study employing small sample size.

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