• Korean Business Review
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• v.4
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• pp.227-247
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• 1991

• Korean Business Review
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.1-21
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to analysis of the policy and problems of the capital gain tax. So this study identified the problems in the tax system and the method, suggested some ideas that can be useful for reforming the current capital gain tax system. The followings are the concise of some ideas. First, government should adopt the housing market stabilization policy in the long-term period, not in the short-term period which depend on the financial market and the part of home supply. Second, determining the capital gains tax should be transferred to actual market prices system rather than based on the standard assessed prices by government through the nations. By doing so, the desired principles of taxation come true such as principle of taxation on economic substance, principle of taxation on solid foundation and principle of taxation on tax paying ability. Third, transaction taxes should be minimized in the aborting the property speculations and the stabilizing the actual market prices. Fourth, the system of non tax to the owners of 'one family, one house' should be excluded to the tune of principle of tax equity. By doing so, tax payers could be induced to pay taxes on a timely basis not commit to wrong doings. In conclusion, anti-speculation policy should be progressed in such a comprehensive and sustained way as to wipe out the psychology of expectation about the transfer gain's incomes.

• The Journal of Small Business Innovation
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 2017

This study examined whether divided and spun-off companies design and execute spin-offs to minimize tax burdens by analyzing multiple spin-off transactions in the Dongbu Group, when the Korean tax law regarding corporate restructuring was amended in July 2010. Before the July 2010 tax amendment, taxes on the capital gains arising from the qualifying spin-off were deferred to the earlier of the shares in or assets acquired by the spun-off company are disposed. This tax treatment relieves the divided company's tax burden by deferring taxes on capital gains, compared with non-qualifying spin-offs. However, if shares in or assets acquired by the spun-off company are disposed after the July 2010 tax amendment, the capital gain incurred at the time of the qualifying spin-off would be taxed again at the spun-off company, in addition to a taxation on the divided company's capital gains. This creates double taxation implications for the parties involved in the spin-off. As a result, the double taxation may outweigh the benefit from the tax deferral on the qualifying spin-off, which may make a qualifying spin-off tax unfavorable. Among the four spin-off cases in the Dongbu Group addressed in this study, a spin-off occurred before the tax amendment, whereas three spin-offs occurred after the tax amendment. Initially, we expected that the spin-off before the tax amendment would be a qualifying spin-off, and the other three spin-offs would be non-qualifying spin-offs, considering the taxation rules before and after the July 2010 tax amendment. However, based on the review of summarized balance sheets disclosed in the spin-offs' corporate filings, no capital gains arose during the four spin-offs that occurred in the Dongbu Group. Therefore, we concluded that the Dongbu Group considered non-tax factors more than tax factors while designing and executing the spin-offs. The local media posited during this period that these spin-offs may intend to resolve financial issues in the Dongbu Group, and this analysis was supported by the fact that some shares in the new spun-off companies were sold by the Dongbu Group. Our case studies provide evidence that all costs, including both tax and non-tax costs, must be considered in the course of spin-offs, in addition to the tax burdens on all parties involved in the corporate restructuring, which parallels the work of Scholes et al. (2008). This study provides implications that various aspects should be considered and reviewed in advance when the management makes decisions for effective tax planning.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.357-368
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• 2014

So far, land use-transportation models have been used exclusively for numerical analysis. A recent theoretical endeavor now enables us to derive the first-order derivative of the model's welfare function with respect to policy variables. I extend this methodology into the institutional setting where toll revenues are recycled through labor income tax. In this setting, the first-order derivative is composed of (1) the increase in welfare due to reduced congestion, and (2) the decrease in welfare due to interaction with the existing labor income tax. This result coincides with existing theory in the non-spatial model.

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.63-69
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• 2021

Purpose - This study examines the regressive estate taxation issues and seeks measures for the rationalization of property taxation. Although various discussions on the reorganization of property taxation have been made, discourses on how much property taxation burden is given to homeowners and on whether the increase of property taxation should be shifted to tenants have not been properly carried out. Research design, data, and methodology - Therefore this study examined the property taxation issues and sought measures for the rationalization of property taxation based on homeowners' social and economic characteristics. This study deals with discussions on the directions for rational real estate reorganization and what desirable real estate market stabilization polices are. Result - This study investigates what issues and disputes the powerful real estate policies to ease overheat of the real estate market have caused and seeks directions to solve those. Conclusion - The study results supports that the real estate taxation would be levied in proportion to the economic capacity of real estate owners to pay taxes. It implies that tax levy not only in conjunction with income, but also in combination with existing real estate assets would be considered to be desirable in terms of comprehensive tax justice.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.298-305
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship among the factors of tax officials' occupational stress, job satisfaction and psychological well-being. It also aims to provide the effective management ways of tax officials' job. The result of the study showed that the factors of their occupational stress in performing their duties had negative effects on their job satisfaction, the higher their job satisfaction degree was, the higher their psychological well-being was and it could improve the efficiency of the tax administration performance. It also had the positive effects to improve tax payers' satisfaction degree of taxation service. Therefore, the welfare expansion considering the tax officials' roles and importance, wage supplement from provincial governments and institutionalized supplement to improve their job satisfaction are needed for the increase of the efficiency of taxation service.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.45
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• pp.72-100
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• 2001

Despite the rapid expansion of social security coverage in the 1990s, many wage earners in Korea, especially the majority of the nonstandard workforce are excluded in the social insurance programs. In this regards, the purpose of this paper is to analyze causes of the exclusion of nonstandard workers to the social insurance scheme and to suggest the feasible policy options. Through this paper, four arguments are addressed as follows. First, the main issue for exclusion from coverage of those workers is that they have no entitlement to social insurance. This is not an issue of that they fall below hours or income thresholds for the entitlement Second, the top-down process of the extension in the Korean social insurances have divided the wage earners into two groups, the insider (the included) and the outsider (the excluded). Many nonstandard workers belong to the latter category. Third, the social insurance systems have been designed for the regular workers who were characterized by a full-time with some degree of stability. Reform designed to cope with the growth of nonstandard workers must build on the existing structure of social insurance. Finally, the governance capacity by social security administration body must be improved in order to provide a basic social protection for those workers. For that, four separated social insurance administration bodies could be unified to one administrative body, or tax and contribution of social insurance could be collected by one integrated administration body, the National Tax Service.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.923-931
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• 2021

The aim of the present study is to analyze the financial performance of converted commercial bank from non-banking financial institution through a case study of Bangladesh Commerce Bank Limited as sample organization. It is observed that the bank is able to achieve a stable growth rate in total deposits, total loans and advances, and net income after tax during the period of 2015-2019. Researchers also calculated some ratio analysis and noticed that the financial position of Bangladesh Commerce Bank Limited was not so strong because bank's ROA, ROE, NIM and other ratios were below standard. Researchers used secondary data that were examined by using descriptive statistical tools and panel data regression model. Result shows that Bangladesh Commerce Bank has satisfactory operating efficiency, assets management efficiency, and gives loans to customers. In addition, the present study has tested some hypotheses regarding net income after tax, ROA and ROE with total assets, total loans, total deposits and interest income. These hypotheses have been accepted, which means there is no significant influence of the independent variable on the dependent variable. The study suggests that Bangladesh Commerce Bank Limited had the opportunities to make their financial position stronger by utilizing their good financial position and management efficiencies.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.123-140
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• 2016

This study investigates whether tax subsidy is associated with the information effect of future earnings (Future Earnings Response Coefficient, hereafter 'FERC'). Prior studies related with tax subsidy suggest that high- tax subsidy is associated with high-Conservatism. And high-tax subsidy is associated with low-information asymmetry. The hypothesis is tested by using sample firms listed on the Korean Stock Exchange from the year of 2002 to the year of 2009 inclusively. We followed methodology of Tucker and Zarowin (2006). We find that the regression coefficient for tax $subsidy{\times}X_{t3}$ shows a significant positive sign. Also, we performed additional test after controlling for variables related with FERC. The regression coefficient for tax $subsidy{\times}X_{t3}$ is consistent with main results. This result means that the changes in the current stock price of higher-tax subsidy contain more information about their future earnings than the changes in the stock price of lower-abnormal audit hours. The evidence suggests that investors positively understand high-tax subsidy.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.15-39
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• 2001

The study, using the input-output analysis of 402 industrial sectors by Bank of Korea(BOK) and the resulting outcomes of price model, aims to evaluate the spillover effects the international fluctuations in crude oil prices have on the commodities prices and consequently, analyse the management and profitability of the offshore fisheries in Korea. At present, the fisher men are provided with tax-free oils for their fishing operations as specified under the Special Tax Treatment Control Law. However, the exhaustion of marine resources and new international fisheries agreements, which resulted in the loss of fishing grounds, made the stable catch even more unpredictable and the hike in the price of the international crude oil would have adverse effects on the fishing industry. The study revealed that the increasing rise in the price of crude oil would exert sweeping spillover effects on other industry sectors in general and accordingly, lead to a poorer performance by fisheries. The price spillover coefficients for the diesel oil was 0.6026, which would translate into the 42.6% increase in the prices of oil when the increase ratio of 73.3% for the base crude oil was applied based on the calculation methods employed in the study. This in turn increased the ratio of diesel oil required in the offshore fisheries from 23.3% to 16.6%, diminishing the ratio of current net profits to minus 2.0% from 4.2% otherwise. By fishing type, the Pair Trawl suffered current net profits loss most by ratio of minus 9.4% and other fisheries such as Coastal Stow Nets, Coastal Angling, Danish Sein also suffered ratio of 7% and more in the loss of current net profits. With the deteriorating fishing performance, coupled with the increasing international crude oil prices, it is urgently required that the authorities concerned deliberate in depth on such schemes as follows in efforts to secure stable fishing production. First, provision of large-scale storage facilities for oil is needed to timely adapt to the fluctuations in international crude oil prices. Secondly, in line with the stabilization of tax-free oil prices, duty levied on oils for fishing and tax collected from the refineries need to be tax-exempt. Thirdly, the beneficiaries from the provision of tax-free oil should be broadened, not limited to special fishing operation only. Fourth, investment in stabilization of the oil prices should be encouraged, possibly through funding from the formation of fisheries development funds underway.