• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.293-301
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• 2006

The preventive medicine learning objectives, first developed in 1977 and subsequently supplemented, underwent necessary revision of the contents for the fourth time to create the fifth revision. However, the required educational contents of health promotion and disease prevention have been changed by the new trends of medical education such as PBL and integrated curriculum, the rapid change of the health and medical environment and the globalization of medicine. The Korean Society of Preventive Medicine formed a task force, led by the Undergraduate Education Committee in 2003, which surveyed all the medical colleges to describe the state of preventive medicine education in Korea, analyzed the changing education demand according to the change of health environment and quantitatively measured the validity and usefulness of each learning objective in the previous curriculum. Based on these data, some temporary objectives were formed and promulgated to all the medical schools. After multiple revisions, an almost completely new series of learning objectives for preventive medicine was created. The objectives comprised 4 classifications and 1 supplement: 1) health and disease, 2) epidemiology and its application, 3) environment and health, 4) patient-doctor-society, and supplementary clinical occupational health. The total number of learning objectives, contained within 13 sub-classifications, was 221 (including 35 of supplementary clinical occupational health). Future studies of the learning process and ongoing development of teaching materials according to the new learning objectives should be undertaken with persistence in order to ensure the progress of preventive medicine education.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.144
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• pp.141-166
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• 2017

Adorno's most important criticism in popular movement is the identity of revolutionary leaders and followers. The identification process has three characteristics. The first characteristic is to create a sense of solidarity within the group by creating an image more real than the antagonist and ensuring the distinction between the enemy and the comrades. Individual entities that resist the mass created by the sense of solidarity disappear, and only the subject identified with the group exists. The second characteristic is to present an optimistic utopia, which makes the public believe that salvation comes from transcendent values. This mass movement also leads to criticism of other groups or people who are deemed off-limits to their own solidarity. The third characteristic is that the public, whose individual subject disappears through the narcissism-based public hypnotic state, is identified with the conductors, and forces other subjects to hypnotize themselves. The purpose of this paper is to examine how Adorno criticizes the fascist violence of mass movements and analyze what this suggests about the task of mass movements.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.325-340
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• 2019

The purpose of this paper is to develop and suggest an integrative leadership contingency framework of leadership that will state the situational and psychological factors under which leadership effect should be maximized. Our leadership model presents that situational factors, including development, circumstances urgency and task structure, proposes which of transformational, transactional, empowering, and authentic leadership solutions. Also, our integrative leadership contingency model in turn results in a combination of the level of follower commitment, intrinsic motivation, and individual creativity based on inductive research method. This integrative leadership model suggested here has significant contributions for leadership effectiveness and future leadership research agenda. Next leadership research could experimentally examine the structural relationships between each of the leadership styles and levels of contingency and psychological factors of followers.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.407-407
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• 2019

According to Asian Development Bank report Pakistan is among water scarce countries. Climate scenario on the basis IPCC fifth assessment report (AR5) revealed that annual mean temperature of Pakistan from year 2010-2019 was $17C^o$ which will rise up to $21C^o$ at the end of this century, similarly almost 10% decrease of annual rainfall is expected at the end of the century. It is a changing task in underdeveloped countries like Pakistan to meet the water demands of rapidly increasing population in a changing climate. While many studies have tackled scarcity and stream flow forecasting of the Upper Indus Basin (UIB) Pakistan, very few of them are related to socio-economic and climate change impact on sustainable water management of UIB. This study investigates the pattern of current and future surface water availability for various demand sites (e.g. domestic, agriculture and industrial) under different socio-economic and climate change scenarios in Upper Indus Basin (UIB) Pakistan for a period of 2010 to 2050. A state-of-the-art planning tool Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) is used to analyze the dynamics of current and future water demand. The stream flow data of five sub catchment (Astore, Gilgit, Hunza, Shigar and Shoyke) and entire UIB were calibrated and validated for the year of 2006 to 2011 using WEAP. The Nash Sutcliffe coefficient and coefficient of determination is achieved ranging from 0.63 to 0.92. The results indicate that unmet water demand is likely to increase severe threshold and the external driving forces e.g. socio-economic and climate change will create a gap between supply and demand of water.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.175-180
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• 2013

In this paper, we proposed that the functionality of teenage school girl cosmetics to improve the performance of the new product development and efficient production of information, analysis and policy analysis system for the SNS. The proposed system functional cosmetics of high school girls on the SNS efficient algorithms to analyze the content and methodology proposed to maximize the throughput of the system, to minimize the execution time of each task. In addition, functional cosmetics of high school girls in the state by identifying the symbols, the analytical results in the development and production of products to reflect propose a visual methodology. Therefore, the proposed system only in cosmetics, as well as an analysis similar to rapidly changing consumer preferences in the manufacturing sector can be applied in various ways.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.319-344
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• 2018

As a part of the open science policy, this study compared the perception of research data sharing and utilization by academic field. Based on this, in - depth interviews were conducted with semistructured questions to the data task managers of 27 government - funded research institutes in science and technology. Among them, nine excellent organizations were selected from the viewpoint of data management and cases of research data collection and management were specifically presented. The State of the collection and management of research data by the participating research institutes is generally a pilot project stage, and the level of collection and establishment of data also differs by institution. In terms of institutions, they are divided into three levels: the level of collection and establishment of data(KIOM), the advanced level of it (KIST), And level of steps to start sharing (KRIBB, KRICT).

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.121-126
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• 2018

IEEE 802.1 TSN TG is developing standards for end-to-end delay bounds and zero packet loss based on Ethernet technology. We focus on packet forwarding techniques. TSN packet forwarding techniques can be classified into Synchronous and Asynchronous framework. Synchronous approach allocates fixed time period for a class, yet is complex for large networks. Asynchronous approach provides delay guarantee by regulator-scheduler pair, yet is unnecessarily complex, too. We propose network components for TSN Asynchronous architecture, which remove the complexity of maintaining flow state for regulation decisions. Despite such a simplicity, the proposed architecture satisfies the TSN's delay requirements provided the limited high priority traffic's maximum packet length.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.192-209
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• 2014

The important national cultural heritages were retrieved. April 25 2014, US President Barack Obama formally returned 9 Seals of Joseon Dynasty and Korean Empire in Korea-US Summit taken place in Cheong Wa Dae. These Seals were taken out of Deoksugung illegally by a US Marine Corps officer during Korean War, handed down to his posterity, and last November 2013 confiscated by HSI in San Diego. Through investigations above facts turned out and it was decided to return these relics to Koera. In the process of surveying these seals, I confimed the authenticity of them and transferred my opinion to Cultural Heritage Administration. In this paper, I try to summarize the historical value of each Seals and suggest the remaining task.

• Advances in robotics research
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.201-217
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• 2018

Agriculture production is a critical human intensive task, which takes place in all regions of the world. The process to grow and harvest crops is labor intensive in many countries due to the lack of automation and advanced technology. Much of the difficult, dangerous and dirty labor of crop production can be automated with intelligent and robotic platforms. We propose an intelligent, agent-oriented robotic team, which can enable the process of harvesting, gathering and collecting crops and fruits, of many types, from agricultural fields. This paper describes a novel robotic organization enabling humans, robots and agents to work together for automation of gathering and collection functions. The focus of the research is a model, called HARMS, which can enable Humans, software Agents, Robots, Machines and Sensors to work together indistinguishably. With this model, any capability-based human-like organization can be conceived and modeled, such as in manufacturing or agriculture. In this research, we model, design and implement a technology application of knowledge-based robot-to-robot and human-to-robot collaboration for an agricultural gathering and collection function. The gathering and collection functions were chosen as they are some of the most labor intensive and least automated processes in the process acquisition of agricultural products. The use of robotic organizations can reduce human labor and increase efficiency allowing people to focus on higher level tasks and minimizing the backbreaking tasks of agricultural production in the future. In this work, the HARMS model was applied to three different robotic instances and an integrated test was completed with satisfactory results that show the basic promise of this research.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.837-852
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• 2021

Recurrent neural network (RNN) architectures have been used for language modeling (LM) tasks that require learning long-range word or character sequences. However, the RNN architecture is still suffered from unstable gradients on long-range sequences. To address the issue of long-range sequences, an attention mechanism has been used, showing state-of-the-art (SOTA) performance in all LM tasks. A differentiable neural computer (DNC) is a deep learning architecture using an attention mechanism. The DNC architecture is a neural network augmented with a content-addressable external memory. However, in the write operation, some information unrelated to the input word remains in memory. Moreover, DNCs have been found to perform poorly with low numbers of weight parameters. Therefore, we propose a robust memory deallocation method using a limited retention vector. The limited retention vector determines whether the network increases or decreases its usage of information in external memory according to a threshold. We experimentally evaluate the robustness of a DNC implementing the proposed approach according to the size of the controller and external memory on the enwik8 LM task. When we decreased the number of weight parameters by 32.47%, the proposed DNC showed a low bits-per-character (BPC) degradation of 4.30%, demonstrating the effectiveness of our approach in language modeling tasks.