• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.17
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• pp.7653-7658
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• 2015

Background: NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is part of the antioxidant defence system involved in detoxification. This study aimed to analyze the influence of NQO1 (C609T) genetic polymorphism in non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)as a putative risk factor. Materials and Methods: Present study included 100 cases of NSCLC (adenocarcinoma) patients and 100 age and sex matched healthy controls. NQO1 (C609T) genotyping was performed by allele specific PCR for assessment of putative associations with clinical outcome and genotypes of. The association of the polymorphism with the survival of NSCLC patients' was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method. Results: In Indian NSCLC (adenocarcinoma) patients increased risk of developing NSCLC was found to be associated with NQO1 609TT genotype [OR 3.68(0.90-14.98), RR 2.04(0.78-5.31)] for CT [OR 2.91(1.58-5.34), RR 1.74(1.23-2.44) p=0.0005 for CT], for CT+TT [ OR 3.26(1.82-5.82), RR 1.87(1.34-2.61) p<0.0001 for CT+TT]. A significant difference (p=0.0009) was observed in genotype distribution among cases and healthy controls. Patients with CT+TT genotype exhibited a significant poor overall survival compared with patients displaying homozygous CC genotype (p=0.03) and when survival independently compared with CC, TT and CT genotype was also found to be significantly associated (p=0.02). Overall median survival times were CT 6.0 months, TT 8.2 months, and CT + TT (6.4 months)]. Conclusions: The present study revealed that NQO1 CT, TT and CT+TT genotypes may be associated with clinical outcome and risk of developing NSCLC in the Indian population.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.20
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• pp.8725-8734
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• 2014

The transforming growth factor-${\beta}1$ (TGF-${\beta}1$) gene 29 T/C polymorphism is thought to be associated with breast cancer risk. However, reports are largely conflicting and underpowered. We therefore conducted a meta-analysis of all available case-control studies relating the TGF-${\beta}1$ 29T/C polymorphism to the risk of developing breast cancer by including a total of 31 articles involving 24,021 cases and 31,820 controls. Pooled ORs were generated for the allele contrasts, with additive genetic, dominant genetic and recessive genetic models. Subgroup analysis was also performed by ethnicity for the TGF-${\beta}1$ 29T/C polymorphism. No association was found in the overall analysis (C vs T: OR=1.028, 95% CI=0.949-1.114, p-value 0.500; CC vs TC: OR= 1.022, 95% CI=0.963-1.085, p-value 0.478; CC vs TT: OR= 1.054, 95% CI=0.898-1.236, p-value 0.522; CC vs TT+ TC: OR= 1.031, 95% CI=0.946-1.124, p-value 0.482; TT vs CC+TC: OR= 0.945, 95% CI=0.827-1.080, p-value 0.403). Similarly, in the subgroup analysis by ethnicity, no association was found in Caucasian (C vs T: OR= 1.041, 95% CI=0.932-1.162, p-value 0.475; CC vs TC: OR= 1.031, 95% CI=0.951-1.118, p-value 0.464; CC vs TT: OR= 1.081, 95% CI=0.865-1.351, p-value 0.493; CC vs TT+TC: OR= 1.047, 95% CI=0.929-1.180, p-value 0.453; TT vs CC+TC: OR= 0.929, 95% CI=0.775-1.114, p-value 0.429;) and Asian populations (C vs T: OR= 1.004, 95% CI=0.908-1.111, p-value 0.931; CC vs TC: OR= 0.991, 95% CI=0.896-1.097, p-value 0.865; CC vs TT: OR= 1.015, 95% CI=0.848-1.214, p-value 0.871; CC vs TT+TC: OR= 1.000, 95% CI=0.909-1.101, p-value 0.994; TT vs CC+TC: OR= 0.967, 95% CI=0.808-1.159, p-value 0.720;). No evidence of publication bias was detected during the analysis. No significant association with breast cancer risk was demonstrated overall or on subgroup (Caucasian and Asian) analysis. It can be concluded that TGF-${\beta}1$ 29T/C polymorphism does not play a role in breast cancer susceptibility in overall or ethnicity-specific manner.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.32-38
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• 2009

According to the statistics from the Ministry of labor, 70~80 people died by work-related electric shock accidents in the workplace and this number is about 10~20 times higher than those of the foreign countries such as Japan and the United Kingdom in frequencies and rates per 100,000. The electrocution deaths had decreased from several hundred in 1990s to 67 in 2002, since then there has been little change over the last 5 years. To reduce this number of the electrocution death, it is necessary to analyze the sources of the accidents and to implement the suitable measures for preventing the similar accidents from occurring. But there is not any consensus standard method or procedures for accident investigation yet. And the results solely depend on the ability of the investigator. Because of the demand of eliminating technical barrier for free trading, the IEC 60364 is adopted as a regulation for low voltage electrical installations in Korea. The facilities designed and constructed by IEC 60364 are increasing. The facilities by IEC 60364 have different features in comparison with the facilities by Korea eletro technical regulation, and these features combined with parameters of electric shock accident can greatly affect the consequences of the electric accidents. The accident analysis program for electric shock injuries in Terra Neutral(TN) and Terra Terra(TT) system was developed in this paper, which was based on KOSHA Electric Shock Analysis Program(ESAP).

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.1359-1369
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• 2007

This paper describes the technique of satellite direction finding and main beam steering of the adaptive array antenna system which is used for mobile TT&C(Tracking Telemetry&Command) system. To be able to control the satellite on mobile vehicle while moving, the relative directional information of the satellite to the mobile vehicle is necessary to make main beam to the direction of satellite. To do this MUSIC, which is one of the super-resolution algorithm of wave direction finding, is used and then the performance analysis and quantization problem of phase shifter are addressed. This paper is valuable in the respect of showing feasibility of designing the moble TT&C using adative array antenna system.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.134-140
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• 2008

In this paper an Investigation into the actual condition of electrical equipments installation & management and check the problem of application to IEC60364 in korea construction by the electrical installation technical regulation. building equipments by the electrical installation technical regulation are almost same TT system but the electrical installation technical regulation does not contact with protective conductor(PE conductor). This study derive a problem and resent the solving method of problem causing does not fully understand of IEC60364, mix electrical installation technical regulation and IEC60364 by the actual condition of electrical equipments installation & management in korea.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.07a
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• pp.2216-2217
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• 2008

This paper write about earth system for the prevention electric shock and a protection of equipment in england. The IEC60364 and BSI(British Standards Institution) define earthing method(IT, TT, TN-C, TN-S, TN-C-S)-BSI is british standards and in case of england almost use the TN system. TN system can classify TN-S & TN-C-S(PME). The findings on survey in england are used the TN-S system and TN-C-S system about 70% and residue 30% are used TT system and IT system from the exiting state of things.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
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• 2006.09a
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• pp.587-588
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• 2006

The stress corrosion cracking (SCC) susceptibility of Alloy 600 MA, Alloy 600 TT, Alloy 800, and Alloy 690 TT were investigated in a deaerated 0.01 M solution of sodium tetrathionate using reverse u-bend test samples at $340^{\circ}C$. The results showed that SCC occurred in all alloys, excluding Alloy 690 TT. The SCC susceptibility decreased with an increase in the chromium content of the alloys. The results of the deposits and spectra taken from an energy dispersive X-ray system confirmed the existence of a reduced sulfur causing SCC.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.197-203
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• 2008

We show the existence of the unique solution of the following system of the nonlinear wave equations with Dirichlet boundary conditions and periodic conditions under some conditions $U_{tt}-U_{xx}+av^+=s{\phi}_{00}+f$ in $(-{\frac{\pi}{2},{\frac{\pi}{2}}){\times}R$, ${\upsilon}_{tt}-{\upsilon}_{xx}+bu^+=t{\phi}_{00}+g$ in $(-{\frac{\pi}{2},{\frac{\pi}{2}}){\times}R$, where $u^+$ = max{u, 0}, s, t ${\in}$ R, ${\phi}_{00}$ is the eigenfunction corresponding to the positive eigenvalue ${\lambda}_{00}$ of the wave operator. We first show that the system has a positive solution or a negative solution depending on the sand t, and then prove the uniqueness theorem by the contraction mapping principle on the Banach space.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.204-205
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• 2007

We have developed a new measurement system by using GPS to complement those errors. In general, GPS receivers are composed of an antenna, tuned to the frequencies transmitted by the satellites, receiver-processors, and a highly-stable clock. The GPS mounted on the roof of TT4 in KHST receives a signal from the RS232 communication port, and it is connected to the network system in TT3 after converting with TCPIP communication. It is able to track the position of vehicle and synchronize the signal from different measurement system simultaneously. Therefore it is able to chase the fault occurrence, track inspection and electrical interruptionat real-time situation more accurately. There is not an error coursed by vehicle conditions such as slip and the slide.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.19
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• pp.8279-8285
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• 2014

A meta-analysis incorporating 34 case-control studies from 19 articles involving 12,197 cases and 13,488 controls was conducted to assess the effects of three genetic variants of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9): rs187084, rs352140, and rs5743836. Studies on associations between TLR9 polymorphisms and cancer risk were systematically searched in electronic databases. The reported odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were pooled to assess the strength of any associations. The results showed that the rs187084 polymorphism was significantly associated with an increased risk of cancer (CC vs TC+TT: OR=1.14, 95% CI=1.02-1.28), specifically cervical cancer (C vs T: OR=1.19, 95% CI=1.05-1.34; TC vs TT: OR=1.32, 95% CI=1.10-1.58; CC vs TT: OR=1.31, 95% CI=1.03-1.68; CC+TC vs TT: OR=1.32, 95% CI=1.11-1.56), and that this association was significantly positive in Caucasians (CC vs. TC+TT: OR=1.18, 95% CI=1.01-1.38). The rs352140 polymorphism had a protective effect on breast cancer (GA vs GG: OR=0.77, 95% CI=0.66-0.89), whereas the rs5743836 polymorphism was likely protective for digestive system cancers (CC+TC vs TT: OR=0.81, 95% CI=0.66-0.98). In conclusion, our results suggest that the rs187084 polymorphism may be associated with an elevated cancer risk, whereas polymorphisms of rs352140 and rs5743836 may play protective roles in the development of breast and digestive system cancers, respectively. From the results of this meta-analysis further large-scale case-control studies are warranted to verify associations between TLR9 polymorphisms and cancer.