• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.851-856
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• 2004

Minerals separated from irradiated dried red pepper (whole) at 2.5 kGy or higher showed typical thermoluminescence (TL) glow curves ($TL_1$) at around $150^{\circ}C$, which increased with irradiation dose. The TL ratio ($TL_1/TL_2$) through re-irradiation step at 1 kGy enhanced reliability of TL identification results. DNA comet assay indicated that the intact cell was observed in non-irradiated pepper (seed), while some long tails were found in irradiated ones, showing relationship between irradiation dose and tail length. Log DEPT/APC values increased in proportion to irradiation doses in powdered and whole peppers. Based on overall results, irradiated dried red peppers could be screened using DNA comet assay or log DEFT/APC, and moreover the identification results were verified by TL analysis.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.337-343
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• 2016

This study conducted the gamma ray spectroscopic analysis of the microcolumnar CsI:Tl deposited onto the SiPMs using thermal evaporation deposition. The SEM measured thickness of microcolumnar CsI:Tl and of its individual columns. From the SEM observation, the measured thickness of CsI:Tl were $450{\mu}m$ and $600{\mu}m$. The gamma ray spectroscopic properties of microcolumnar CsI:Tl, $450{\mu}m$ and $600{\mu}m$ thick deposited onto the SiPMs were analyzed using standard gamma ray sources $^{133}Ba$ and $^{137}Cs$. The spectroscopic analysis of microcolumnar CsI:Tl deposited onto the SiPMs included the measurements of response linearity over the $^{137}Cs$ gamma ray intensity; and gamma ray energy spectrum. Furthermore from the gamma ray spectrum measurement of $^{133}Ba$ and $^{137}Cs$, $450{\mu}m$ thick CsI:Tl showed good efficiency when measured with $^{133}Ba$ and $600{\mu}m$ thick CsI:Tl was highly efficient when measured with $^{137}Cs$.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.61-65
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• 2006

Photostimulated luminescence (PSL), thermoluminescence(TL) and electron spin resonance (ESR) analyses were conducted to detect irradiation treatment of aloe vera powder, which was gamma-irradiated at 1, 3, 5 and 7 kGy. The non-irradiated aloe vera powder indicated below 700 of photon count in PSL, whereas, irradiated at 1 kGy and more, it showed more than 5,000 photon counts, indicating that it is feasible to detect the irradiation of aloe vera powder through PSL In the result of TL, from the minerals of the samples that were irradiated at more than 1 kGy, TL glow curve was able to be seen at around $150^{\circ}C$. As the quantity of irradiation goes up, the ratio of $TL_1\;and\;TL_2$ also increased in proportion to that of irradiation. In the result of ESR analysis, unspecific centeral ESR signal was could be seen. As the amount of irradiation on the samples increased to the level of $R^2=0.97$, the signal intensity also rose similarly. In conclusion, the PSL, TL and ESR exhibited the typical signals induced by irradiation treatment and were able to successfully detect all of the irradiated aloe vera powder. In addition, we found a positive correlation between the intensity of ESR and TL signals and irradiation doses.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.558-564
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• 1999

A method for measuring archaeological dose of Packjae pottery shards using thermoluminescence dosimetry(TLD) has been studied. TL measurement has been achieved using quartz crystals in the size range of 90 to $125{\mu}m$ diameter extracted from the pottery shards. The stable temperature region of the TL glow curve which is devoid of anomalous fading components was identified by the plateau test and found to exist from 265 to $300^{\circ}C$. The archaeological dose of the pottery shards was estimated to be 7.43 Gy using the dose calibration curves obtained from sequential irradiation of $^{137}Cs$ gamma source to the samples and TL measurement of natural samples.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.648-652
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• 2010

This study was performed to investigate PSL and TL characteristics for the detection of different ratios of gamma-irradiated turmeric. It was possible to determine PSL and TL of 1- and 10-kGy irradiated turmeric. The TL ratios ($TL_1/TL_2$) of non-irradiated samples were lower than 0.001, while those of irradiated samples were higher than 0.355. In the PSL results, blended samples containing irradiated ingredients showed intermediate values for a 1% blending rate. Furthermore, TL analysis of blended samples seems to offer a promising method for irradiation identification by TL glow curve form and temperature range. The 1- and 10-kGy irradiated samples were able to be detected above a 4% blending rate. However, the TL ratio appeared as a threshold value below 0.1 for irradiated samples. Overall, TL analysis identified 4% blended samples containing gamma-irradiated turmeric.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.161-169
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• 2019

Objectives: The objective of the present study was to validate a shortened transformational leadership (TL) scale (12 items) comprising core TL behaviour and to test the associations of this shortened TL scale with depressive symptoms. Methods: The study used cross-sectional data from 1632 employees of the overall workforce of a middle-sized German company (51.6% men; mean age, 41.35 years; standard deviation, 9.4 years). TL was assessed with the German version of the Transformational Leadership Inventory and depressive symptoms with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The structural validity of the core TL scale was assessed with confirmatory factor analysis. Associations with depressive symptoms were estimated with structural equation modelling and adjusted logistic regression. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling showed better model fit for the core TL than for the full TL score. Logistic regression revealed 3.61-fold (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.20 to 5.93: women) to 4.46-fold (95% CI, 2.86 to 6.95: men) increased odds of reporting depressive symptoms (HADS score >8) for those in the lowest tertile of reported core TL. Conclusions: The shortened core TL seems to be a valid instrument for research and training purposes in the context of TL and depressive symptoms in employees. Of particular note, men reporting poor TL were more likely to report depressive symptoms.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.206-211
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• 2008

Photostimulated luminescence(PSL)-Thermoluminescence(TL) combined analysis was applied to detect whether composite seasoning products and spices were irradiated or not. Samples were irradiated with $^{60}Co$ at $0{\sim}7$ kGy. A total of 12 different samples(6 of composite seasoning products and 6 of spices) was examined. Depending on the PSL results, TL analysis was performed. In case of both PSL positive(${\geq}5,000$ counts) and intermediate($700{\sim}5000$ counts), TL analysis had to be performed to confirm the result of PSL. Using TL, the shape of the glow curve(Glow 1) made it possible to identify the irradiated samples. In addition, The TL glow ratio(Glow 1/Glow 2) obtained by normalization was less than 0.1 for the non-irradiated samples and ${\geq}0.29$ for irradiated ones, respectively.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.44 no.12
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• pp.8-15
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• 2007

This paper presents the radiation rate formula due of a inclusion of a series capacitor and shunt inductor in a unit cell for the right/left-handed transmission line (RLH-TL). The equivalent circuit for a RLH unit cell considering radiation effects is presented and analyzed in terms of the Bloch impedance and dispersion diagram. It has been found that when two radiation rates are identical, the Blockimpedance reduces to the characteristic impedance of the host conventional RH-TL. Besides, design equations for a unit cell for a specific phase shift at a given frequency are provided. The method of realizing uniform excitation along the RLH-TL is also proposed for antenna applications.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.11
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• pp.1857-1863
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• 2013

Bulgogi sauces containing electron beam-irradiated garlic powder (1%, 3%, and 5%) were used to compare their irradiation status before and after pasteurization ($85^{\circ}C$, 30 min), using a thermoluminescence (TL) analysis by two different laboratories. The sauces with non-irradiated ingredient only provided a background TL glow curve with a maximum peak after $300^{\circ}C$. However, the presence of irradiated ingredient (1 and 10 kGy) was evident through the typical TL glow curves in a temperature range of 150 to $250^{\circ}C$. The concentration of irradiated ingredients showed a greater impact on identification characteristics than their radiation doses. TL ratios ($TL_1/TL_2$) were not able to confirm the results showing evidence of irradiation through the TL glow curve shapes. Pasteurization showed a negligible effect on the key identification parameters and did not change the shape or temperature range of radiation-specific TL glow peak, but reduced TL glow curve intensity. TL glow curve shape with the maximum peak in a temperature range of $150{\sim}250^{\circ}C$ was the most useful characteristic providing information required for confirming the irradiation status.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.278-286
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• 2005

The crystal structure of ($Tl_{71}$-Y ($Tl_{71}Si_{121}Al_{71}O_{384}$), ${\alpha}=24.706(3){\AA}$, dehydrated at 653 K and $8{\times}10^{-6}$ torr, has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques in the cubic space group $Fd\bar{3}m$ at 294(1) K. The structure was refined using all intensities to the final error indices (using only the 302 reflection for which $F_{\circ}$ > $4{\sigma}(F_0)$) $R_1=0.0602$ (based on F) and $R_w=0.1744$ (based on $F_2$). The 71 $Tl^+$ ions per unit cell are found at four crystallographically distinct positions. Site I' position in the sodalite cavity opposite D6Rs are each occupied by eighteen $Tl^+$ ions per unit cell; these $Tl^+$ ions are recessed ca. $1.45{\AA}$ into the sodalite cavity from their O(3) plane (Tl-O=2.701(15), $3.163(16){\AA}$ and O-Tl-O=$92.1(4)^{\circ}$). The 23 $T1^+$ ions fill site II in the supercage; these $T1^+$ ions are recessed ca. $1.58{\AA}$ into the supercage from their O(2) plane (Tl-O = 2.850(16), $3.156(16){\AA}$ and O-T1-O = $85.1(5)^{\circ}$). The 19 $Tl^+$ ions lie at site III' in the supercage near a triple 4-ring (Tl-O = 3.10(7), $3.39(5){\AA}$ and O-Tl-O = 47.8(9), $95.3(18)^{\circ}$) and the remaining II ions occupy another site III' near a triple 4-ring in the supercage (Tl-O = 2.81(4), $2.71(4){\AA}$ and O-Tl-O = $57.3(8)^{\circ}$).