• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.43-50
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• 2016

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the relationship among knowledge, attitudes and prevention behaviors (PB) on tuberculosis (Tb) infection in nursing students. Methods: 268 subjects were recruited from two universities located in C D cities of Korea and data were collected utilizing self-reported questionnaires. Results: The mean scores of knowledge, attitudes and PB on Tb infection were 64.83, 3.18 and 2.97. The knowledge differed according to gender (t=-3.16, p=.002), grades (F=32.19, p<.001), educational experience about Tb (EETb) (F=10.59, p<.001), learning information about Tb (t=3.08, p=.002) and getting Tb: self or others (t=2.78, p=.006). The attitudes differed according to grades (F=7.71, p<.001) and EETb (F=2.68, p=.047). The PB differed according to grades (F=7.02, p<.001) and EETb (F=4.55, p=.004). Significant correlations were found between knowledge and PB (r=.20, p=001), attitudes and PB (r=.33, p<.001). The most significant factor influencing PB was attitudes with R2 value of 13.9% (F=11.81, p<.001). Conclusion: These findings indicate that knowledge and attitude adjustment may be necessary to improve PB for Tb infection in nursing students. Moreover further study is necessary to find out the ways to reinforce the level of attitudes. The results of the study can be utilized in educational programs for preventing Tb infection in nursing students.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.41-47
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• 2011

Objectives: This study was performed to investigate single oral dose toxicity of TB001, the extract mixture of Purple loosestrife and Aceriphyllum rossii. Methods: The mortality, general symptom, change of weight: and necropcy findings was investigated for 14 days after a dose(2000 mg/kg B.W.) of TB001 was given, using SD rats of both male and female according to "The guideline of toxicity test for medicine and others". Results: The death of rats and abnormal finding was not observed. There was no the significant difference of weight between control group and TB001 group. Conclusions: The abnormalities at the necropsy finding of all survived rats was not detected. The study suggested that there is no toxicity in single dose(2000 mg/kg B.W.) of TB001.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.208-214
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• 2021

Background: The CKCUES test evaluates the functional performance of the shoulder joint. The CKCUES test scores CKC exercises of the upper limbs to examine shoulder stability. Although the CKCUES test provides quantitative data on functional ability and performance, no study has determined the relationship between CKCUES scores and SA and TB muscle strength. Objects: The objective of this study is to determine the relationship between the CKCUES test scores and the strength of the SA and TB muscles in the CKCUES and unilateral CKCUES tests. Methods: Sixty-six healthy male volunteers participated in the study. A Smart KEMA strength sensor measured SA and TB muscle strength. Two parallel lines on the floor indicated the initial hand placement to start CKCUES tests. For 15 seconds, the subject raises one hand and reaches over to touch the supporting hand, then returns to the starting position. Results: The correlation between the CKCUES test scores and the strength of the SA was strong (r = 0.650, p < 0.001), and the TB was moderate (r = 0.438, p < 0.001). The correlation between the unilateral CKCUES test and the strength of the SA of the supporting side was strong (r = 0.605, p < 0.001), and swing side was strong (r = 0.681, p < 0.001). The correlation between the unilateral CKCUES test and the strength of the TB of the supporting side was moderate (r = 0.409, p < 0.001), and swing side was moderate (r = 0.482, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Our study showed that the CKCUES test had a strong association with isometric strength of SA and moderate association with that of TB. These findings suggest that the CKCUES test can evaluate the function of the SA. Moreover, the unilateral CKCUES test can evaluate unilateral shoulder function.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.78 no.3
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• pp.227-231
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• 2015

Background: Diagnostic methods for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) have recently advanced. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in TB diagnostic tests that prompted the initiation of anti-TB treatment over time in South Korea, an industrialized country with an intermediate TB burden. Methods: Patients diagnosed with pulmonary TB in the first halves of 2005 and 2013 at a tertiary referral hospital were included. Diagnostic methods that prompted the initiation of anti-TB treatment were compared between the 2 groups of patients. Results: A greater proportion of patients were diagnosed with pulmonary TB using bronchoscopy in 2013 than in 2005 (26.7% vs. 6.6%, respectively; p<0.001), while the proportion of patients clinically diagnosed with pulmonary TB was lower in 2013 than in 2005 (24.7% vs. 49.0%, respectively; p<0.001). Additionally, more patients started anti-TB treatment based on positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results for Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA in 2013 than in 2005 (47.3% vs. 7.9%, respectively; p<0.001). Conclusion: The initiation of treatment for pulmonary TB in South Korea has become more frequently based on PCR and the use of bronchoscopic specimens.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.13-17
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• 2015

$YAlO_3:Tb{_x}^{3+}$ has been synthesized by a combustion process and the concentration x of Tb was varied from 0.001 and 0.05 mol% per mole of YAlO3. The energy transfer of $^5D_3{\rightarrow}^7F_6$(385nm) and $^5D_4{\rightarrow}^7F_5$(544nm) transitions on the $YAlO_3:Tb{_x}^{3+}$(x =0.001, 0.05) have been investigated by using decay curves. The energy transfer mechanism was explained by Inokuti and Hirayama model. The results of calculation and fitting showed that values of n are 6.11(x=0.01) and 6.13(x=0.005). These indicate that the energy transfer mechanism between $Tb^{3+}$ ions is dipole-dipole interaction.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.35-39
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• 2012

$YAlO_3:Tb{_x}^{3+}$ has been synthesized by a combustion process and the concentration x of Tb was varied from 0.001 and 0.05 mol% per mole of $YAlO_3$. The emission optical properties on the $YAlO_3:Tb{_x}^{3+}$ have been investigated by time-resolved photoluminescence spectra and decay curves of center wavelength. The emission color changes from blue to green with increasing the $Tb^{3+}$ concentration from x= 0.001 to 0.05 mole fraction in $YAlO_3$ host. This emission color change can be explained in terms of cross-relaxation processes. Decay curves of emission intensity indicate that the type of energy transfer is donor-acceptor transition.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.128-136
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate factors associated with perceived job satisfaction of TB control nurses in Korea. Methods: This study employed a descriptive survey research design using data for 189 TB control nurses. Variables included in this study were demographic, social, and work-related characteristics (including job stress), and job satisfaction. ANOVA, t-test,and multiple regression analyses were performed using SPSS/WIN 19.0 program. Results: The mean value of perceived job satisfaction was lower in the subjects ($2.9{\pm}0.41$) than in general nurses working in other departments. In multiple regression analysis, factors associated with TB control nurses' job satisfaction were job stress (${\beta}$=-.281, p<.001), marital status (${\beta}$=-.229, p<.001), and the number of TB control nurses employed (${\beta}$=.200, p<.001). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that job satisfaction was associated more significantly with job-related characteristics than with non-job-related variables in workplace. Along with increased TB control nurse staffing, efforts should be made to reduce negative work-place issues such as job stress and inappropriate pay to improve the subject's job satisfaction.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.162-167
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• 2010

We investigated the adsorption and desorption characteristics of benzene molecules on $Si(001)-2{\times}n$ surfaces using a variable-low temperature scanning tunneling microscopy. When benzene was adsorbed on a $Si(001)-2{\times}n$ surface at a low coverage, five distinct adsorption configurations were found: tight-binding (TB), standard-butterfly (SB), twisted-bridge, diagonal-bridge, and pedestal. The TB and SB configurations were the most dominant ones and could be reversibly interconverted, diffused, and desorbed by applying an electric field between the tip and the surface. The population ratios of the TB and SB configurations were affected by the benzene coverage: at high coverage, the population ratio of SB increased over that of TB, which was favored at low coverage. The desorption yield decreased with increasing benzene coverage and/or density of vacancy defect. These results suggest that the interaction between the benzene molecules is important at a high coverage, and that the vacancy defects modify the adsorption and desorption energies of the benzene molecules on Si(001) surface.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.64 no.3
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• pp.187-193
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• 2008

Background: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) are serious threats to worldwide tuberculosis control, but the national burden and the trends of infectious spread are largely unknown. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the results of drug sensitivity tests and medical records of patients that were diagnosed with culture-confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis and were admitted to the National Masan Tuberculosis Hospital between 2001 and 2005. Results: From 2001 to 2005, the proportion of MDR-TB among new cases was 9.2%, 13.8%, 16.9%, 23% and 27.0% in 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively, and the proportion of MDR-TB among previously treated cases was 58.5%, 60.2%, 62.7%, 61.7% and 71.3% in 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively. A significant increasing trend could be discerned for MDR-TB among both new and previously treated cases (p<0.001, p=0.002 for trend, respectively). The proportion of XDR-TB among new cases was 0%, 2.3%, 3.1%, 2.5% and 6.3% in 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively, and the proportion of XDR-TB among previously treated cases was 9.1%, 15.7%, 17.3%, 19.9% and 19.1% in 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 and 2005, respectively. A significant increasing trend could be discerned for XDR-TB among both new and previously treated cases (p=0.005, p<0.001 for trend, respectively). Conclusion: Both MDR-B and XDR-TB were gradually increased among both new and previously treated cases. Integrated national surveillance, including the public and private sectors, will be needed to estimate the exact status of antituberculous drug resistance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.1-7
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• 1979

본 연구의 목적은 여러 증류 솔기의 내연성을 Oxygen Index Test를 통해서 알아봄으로서 내연가공을 한 옷에 가장 이상적인 솔기의 종류를 제시하는 데 있다. 이 목적을 위해서 6가지 종류의 솔기를 내연가공한 옷감으로 만들어 실험하였으며 솔기 종류 이외의 변인으로는 솔기제작에 사용된 실(내연가공한 실과 일반 면사)과 세탁회수가 포함되었다. 솔기의 종류는 (1) 뉜솔(FF) (2) 가름솔에 zig-zag로 시접처리 (PZ) (3) overlook stitch로 박은 솔기(OL) (4) serger로 박은 솔기 (SG), (5) 내연가공한 binding을 사용한 쌈솔(TB) (6) 내연가공하지 않은 binding 을 사용한 참솔(UB) 등이였다. 실험 결과에 의하면 솔기 종류에 따라 O.I. value에 상당히 유의한(p<0.001) 차이가 있었으며, 실의 종류에 따라서도 상당히 유의한(p<0.001) 차이가, 세탁 회수에 따라서도 유의한(p<0.05) 차이가 나타났다. 또한 솔기 종류와 세탁, 솔기 종류와 실의 종류 사이에도 상당히 유의한(p<0.001) 상호작용이 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다. Newman-Keuls 겅증에 의하면 TB, FF, OL 사이에는 유의한 차이가 없으며 이들은 PZ, SG(내연가공하지 않은 실), UB보다 훨신 높은(p<0.01) 내연성을 보였다. SG의 경우 내연가공하지 않은 실을 사용했을 때는 PZ보다도 낮은 O.I. Value를 보였으나 내연가공한 실을 사용했을 때는 FF나 TB 만큼 높은 O.I. 결과가 나타났다. 또한 TB는 위의 솔기 중에서 가장 높은 O.I.를, UB는 가장 낮은 O.I.를 보임으로서 binding의 중요성을 나타냈다. 위의 결과로서 SG, FF, TB가 내연가공에 바람직한 솔기로 나타났으나 TB는 구성과정이 복잡하여 대량 생산에는 많이 사용되지 않으며 SG는 실의 내연가공 여부에 대한 규제가 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 PZ나 UB, SG(일반 실사용)는 내연가공한 옷생산에 사용되지 않는 것이 타당하겠다.