• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.66-72
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to identify the analysis of children's wearing need towards hues and tones of T-shirts based on gender. The experimental materials developed for this study were a set of stimulus and response scales. The 15 color pictures and 5-point scales were used for evaluation of wearing need. Data were obtained from 150 boys and 150 girls living in Seoul, Busan, Jinju, and Changwon on May and June 2010. For data analysis, ANOVA and Duncan-test were used by using SPSS program. Results of this study were as follows.; Hues and tones showed an independent effect on children's wearing need. Interaction effects of children's gender and tones on children's wearing need were found. Interaction effects of hues and tones on children's wearing need were found. Also, interaction effects of gender, hues, and tones on children's wearing need were found. These results suggested that children's wearing need can be affected by their gender, hues, and tones.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2015

Objectives: The goal of this study was to determine the correlation of clinicopathological factors and the up-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemical staining of VEGF and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of VEGF mRNA were performed in 20 specimens from 20 patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and another 20 specimens from 20 patients with carcinoma in situ as a controlled group. Results: The results were as follows: 1) In immunohistochemical study of poorly differentiated and invasive oral squamous cell carcinoma, high-level staining of VEGF was observed. Significant correlation was observed between immunohistochemical VEGF expression and histologic differentiation, tumor size of specimens (Pearson correlation analysis, significance r>0.6, P<0.05). 2) In VEGF quantitative RT-PCR analysis, progressive cancer showed more VEGF expression than carcinoma in situ. Paired-samples analysis determined the difference of VEGF mRNA expression level between cancer tissue and carcinoma in situ tissue, between T1 and T2-4 (Student's t-test, P<0.05). Conclusion: These findings suggest that up-regulation of VEGF may play a role in the angiogenesis and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.712-720
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to examine whether any correlation exists between the dental health capacity and preferred foods of Korean senior citizens over the age of 65 years. The 5th Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey were used. Tissue health index (T-health), Sound teeth (ST), Functioning teeth index (FS-T), Present teeth (PT), and Missing teeth (MT) were used as variables to assess the dental health capacity of the elderly. Preferred foods of the elderly included 63 foods that were categorized as cereals, pulses and roots, meat and poultry, fish, vegetables, sea algae, fruits, milk and dairy products, cream and sugar, and other foods. For data analysis, the weighted average was taken into consideration to generate planning files, and then complex sample analysis were conducted. For statistical analysis, frequency analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and compound specimen linear regression analysis were conducted. T-health score was significantly high in the group with high preference for cereals, fruits, and other foods. In terms of age and economic status, 65~69 years, 70~74 years, and mid to low range in the income ranges scored high in T-health. ST score was significant in the group that preferred cereals, other foods; the corresponding demographic profiles represent 65~69 years, 70~74 years, and the mid-range income communities. FS-T was significant in relation with a preference for fruits, creams and sugars, other foods; the scores were also high for 65~69 years, 70~74 years, and mid-low to low income groups. PT and MT were significant in the group that preferred cereals and fruits; the same applied for 65~69 years, 70~74 years, and mid-low to low income individuals (p<0.05). Food preferences seemed to vary depending on the dental health state of the elderly, and the dental health state of the elderly may act as a risk factor for nutritional imbalance.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.829-839
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• 2013

This study is a descriptive research study with the purpose of predicting and comparing factors of depression affecting residents in a metropolitan city by using logistic regression analysis and decision-making tree analysis. The subjects for the study were 462 residents ($20{\leq}aged{\angle}65$) in a metropolitan city. This study collected data between October 7, 2011 and October 21, 2011 and analyzed them with frequency analysis, percentage, the mean and standard deviation, ${\chi}^2$-test, t-test, logistic regression analysis, roc curve, and a decision-making tree by using SPSS 18.0 program. The common predicting variables of depression in community residents were social dysfunction, perceived physical symptom, and family support. The specialty and sensitivity of logistic regression explained 93.8% and 42.5%. The receiver operating characteristic (roc) curve was used to determine an optimal model. The AUC (area under the curve) was .84. Roc curve was found to be statistically significant (p=<.001). The specialty and sensitivity of decision-making tree analysis were 98.3% and 20.8% respectively. As for the whole classification accuracy, the logistic regression explained 82.0% and the decision making tree analysis explained 80.5%. From the results of this study, it is believed that the sensitivity, the classification accuracy, and the logistics regression analysis as shown in a higher degree may be useful materials to establish a depression prediction model for the community residents.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.75-88
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of anterior, posterior, and lateral pelvic tilt exercise upon the gait characteristics of patients with hemiplegia including their gait velocity, cadence, stride length, step length of the non affected side, step length of the affected side, foot angle of the non affected side, foot angle of the affected side, base of support, and so on. The subject of this study was 24 men and women patients with hemiplegia. The patients, the subject of this study, were classified into 12 patients of treatment group applying pelvic tilt exercise using visual feedback and 12 patients of control group applying general pelvic tilt exercise, and then analyzed their gait before and after exercise. Temporal distance gait analysis (Boening, 1977) was used to analyze their gait, and ink foot-print was applied as on of measurement methods. To find out meaningful difference between control group and treatment group, this study carried out independent sample t-test for each item by utilizing SPSS/Win 10.0, compared changes in control group's and treatment group's gait characteristics before and after exercise as percentage, and applied paired t-test to conduct before-after test in same group. Statistical significance level was ${\alpha}$ < 0.05. The results of this study were as follows. As a result of independent sample t-test for control group's and treatment group's gait characteristics after exercise, it was not statistically significant so there was no meaningful difference between two groups. However, it was statistically significant in the change rate(%) of gait characteristics, and treatment group's patients with hemiplegia had been highly changed in gait characteristics in comparison with control group. From the above-mentioned results, could find that pelvic tilt exercise using visual feedback for patients with hemiplegia was effective to improve their gait ability and it could increase the ability in comparison with general pelvic tilt exercise. In the future, studies on the effect of pelvic tilt exercise using visual feedback shall be continued based on more quantitative methods.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.504-510
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• 2016

PURPOSE. Polyamide polymers do not provide sufficient bond strength to auto-polymerized resins for repairing fractured denture or replacing dislodged denture teeth. Limited treatment methods have been developed to improve the bond strength between auto-polymerized reline resins and polyamide denture base materials. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of surface modification by acetic acid on surface characteristics and bond strength of reline resin to polyamide denture base. MATERIALS AND METHODS. 84 polyamide specimens were divided into three surface treatment groups (n=28): control (N), silica-coated (S), and acid-treated (A). Two different auto-polymerized reline resins GC and Triplex resins were bonded to the samples (subgroups T and G, respectively, n=14). The specimens were subjected to shear bond strength test after they were stored in distilled water for 1 week and thermo-cycled for 5000 cycles. Data were analyzed with independent t-test, two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Tukey's post hoc multiple comparison test (${\alpha}=.05$). RESULTS. The bond strength values of A and S were significantly higher than those of N (P<.001 for both). However, statistically significant difference was not observed between group A and group S. According to the independent Student's t-test, the shear bond strength values of AT were significantly higher than those of AG (P<.001). CONCLUSION. The surface treatment of polyamide denture base materials with acetic acid may be an efficient and cost-effective method for increasing the shear bond strength to auto-polymerized reline resin.

• Korean Journal of Metals and Materials
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• v.46 no.8
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• pp.495-505
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• 2008

With the high proportion of zinc coated steels in body-in-white assembly, newly developed surface roughness textured galvannealed steel sheets have been introduced. In this study, zinc coated and surface roughness textured steel sheets were welded by resistance spot welding to investigate its weldability including electrode wear test. Based on the results of tensile-shear test, nugget diameter changes, and electrode tip growth test, it was clear that both surface roughness textured steels (GA-T and GA-E) showed good weldability. Also, there was no large difference in weldability and electrode wear behavior between GA-T and GA-E steels which have different surface roughness morphology. An analysis of electrode degradation showed Fe and Zn penetration through the electrode tip surface at 2400 welds reached $55{\sim}60{\mu}m$ and $75{\sim}80{\mu}m$, respectively. Therefore, there is no significant effect of surface roughness morphology on spot weldability of surface roughness textured galvannealed steel sheets. However, slight difference in thickness of alloying layers existing on electrode tip was found between GA-T and GA-E steels.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.24-32
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination status associated with HPV health belief and knowledge between male and female highschool students. Methods: In the winter of 2012, 183 students responded to self-administered questionnaires, and t-test, ${\chi}^2$-test, and ANOVA were used for data analysis. Results: There were significant differences in the experiences of hearing about HPV vaccination, source of HPV information, experience of being vaccinated with HPV vaccination, reason for HPV unvaccination and vaccination intention by gender. The mean scores for health belief of HPV vaccination were 1.72 (total score: 4) in men and 2.31 in women. There were significant differences in HPV health belief (t=-5.14, p<.001). The mean scores for knowledge of HPV vaccination were 0.08 (total score: 1) in men and 0.12 in women, but there were no significant differences in HPV knowledge (t=-1.62, p=.108). There were positive associations between HPV health belief and knowledge in women (p=.02). Conclusion: This study showed different HPV vaccination status, health belief and knowledge in gender. The results indicate a need to consider levels of health belief and knowledge of HPV vaccination in target populations of highschool students when planning a HPV related education program.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.36 no.7
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• pp.1175-1182
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of stroke patient care education on the knowledge and practice of caregivers of stroke patients. Method: Data was collected from December 15, 2004 to March 30, 2005. The research design was a non-equivalent control group non-synchronized design. The subjects were forty primary caregivers of stroke patients who were hospitalized in a neurology unit of a university hospital. Forty caregivers, twenty in the experimental group and twenty in the control group were assigned. The experimental group participated 2 times in an education class given by the researcher Data analysis included -test, and t-test using the SPSS program. Result: Knowledge(t=5..87, p=0.00) and practice(t=5.53, p=0.00) of the experimental group were significantly different from the control group. Conclusion: The stroke patient care education developed in this study shows a significant promotion of knowledge and practice of caregivers. Thus this program can be recommanded as an intervention model for stroke patients and caregivers.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.237-241
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• 2017

The tensile strength (TS) and elongation-at-break (EB) loss of a CR/CB rubber composite sample prepared for the automotive parts were measured after accelerated thermal ageing at temperatures of 100, 120, 140, and $150^{\circ}C$. The change in TS was observed to be linear from the master curve prepared using the time-temperature superposition-principle (TTSP). An Arrhenius type of shift factor, $a_T$ was used to predict the life time of the sample, and a plot of ln $a_T$ vs. 1/T was also shown to be linear. The activation energy ($E_a$) of the sample was calculated as 70.30 kJ/mole from the Arrhenius plot. The expected life time of the sample was predicted at the given operating conditions by applying Arrhenius analysis. Assuming the $E_a$ value was constant at lower operating condition, life time of the sample was calculated as 2.3 years when the life limit was set as time to reach the 20% decrease of the initial TS value at operating temperature of $40^{\circ}C$.