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The Evaluation for Running Safety of Incheon International Airport Railway EMU (인천국제공항철도 전동차의 주행안전성 평가)

  • Hong, Yong-Ki;You, Won-Hee;Lee, Hi-Sung
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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    • v.10 no.5
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    • pp.619-625
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    • 2007
  • The dynamic characteristic test result of electric rail car which is operated in Incheon International Airport Railroad is described in this paper. Express train in Incheon International Airport Railroad drives at 120km/h first in the country and derailment coefficient was measured for empty car and full-loaded car respectively. The measurement result of derailment coefficient, a key safety indicator about derailment, of empty car was higher than full-loaded car and both were lower than 0.8. The railway state wasn't good in operated section where is serviced about 80eh and derailment coefficient also increased. Horizontal pressure was below 2.1 ton at empty car and below 2.4 ton at full-loaded car. The electric rail car in Incheon International Airport Railroad has been confirmed it's running safety at 120km/h by the measurement of derailment coefficient. But the way of assessing applied in this paper has demerits such as complication of test method, difficulty for measurement device installation and high cost. Therefore the method which is simple to measure and can certify vehicle's safety even when service driving has to be researched.

Post-fire Repair of Concrete Structural Members: A Review on Fire Conditions and Recovered Performance

  • Qiu, Jin;Jiang, Liming;Usmani, Asif
    • International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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    • v.10 no.4
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    • pp.323-334
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    • 2021
  • Concrete structures may rarely collapse in fire incidents but fire induced damage to structural members is inevitable as a result of material degradation and thermal expansion. This requires certain repairing measures to be applied to restore the performance of post-fire members. A brief review on investigation of post-fire damage of concrete material and concrete structural members is presented in this paper, followed by a review of post-fire repair research regarding various types of repairing techniques (FRP, steel plate, and concrete section enlargement) and different type of structural members including columns, beams, and slabs. Particularly, the fire scenarios adopted in these studies leading to damage are categorized as three levels according to the duration of gas-phase temperature above 600℃ (t600). The repair effectiveness in terms of recovered performance of concrete structural members compared to the initial undamaged performance has been summarized and compared regarding the repairing techniques and fire intensity levels. The complied results have shown that recovering the ultimate strength is achievable but the stiffness recovery is difficult. Moreover, the current fire loading scenarios adopted in the post-fire repair research are mostly idealized as constant heating rates or standard fire curves, which may have produced unrealistic fire damage patterns and the associated repairing techniques may be not practical. For future studies, the realistic fire impact and the system-level structural damage investigation are necessary.

The management of breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma in the setting of pregnancy: seeking for clinical practice guidelines

  • Elia, Rossella;Maruccia, Michele;De Pascale, Aurelia;Di Napoli, Arianna;Ingravallo, Giuseppe;Giudice, Giuseppe
    • Archives of Plastic Surgery
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    • v.48 no.4
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    • pp.373-377
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    • 2021
  • Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a recently described form of T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma now formally recognized by the World Health Organization classification of lymphoid neoplasms. The aim of this paper is to report the first case of BIA-ALCL diagnosed in a pregnant patient. It is well known that BIA-ALCL appears as an indolent lymphoma with a good prognosis when diag-nosed at early stages and clinical guidelines for its management have been clearly published. Nevertheless, they lack a standardized approach for BIA-ALCL during pregnancy. With limited experience in our case, treatment has been safely postponed after term without affecting patient's overall prognosis and without fetal complication. The fact that the disease was diagnosed at an early stage (stage I) undoubtedly influenced the course of treatment. A multidisciplinary approach weighing the risks and benefits of treatment is of paramount importance in order to ensure the best possible outcome for both the mother and her child and clinical update guidelines should be issued.

Analytical, experimental and numerical study of timber-concrete composite beams for bridges

  • Molina, Julio C.;Calil, Carlito Junior;de Oliveira, Diego R.;Gomes, Nadia B.
    • Computers and Concrete
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.103-115
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    • 2019
  • In this study, the strength and stiffness (EI) of wood-concrete composite beams for bridges with T-shaped cross section were evaluated. Two types of connectors were used: connectors bonded with epoxy adhesive and connectors attached to the wood just by pre-drilling (without adhesive). The connectors consisted of common steel bars with a diameter of 12.5 mm. Initially, the strength and stiffness (EI) of the beams were analyzed by bending tests with the load applied at the third point of the beam. Subsequently, the composite beams were evaluated by numerical simulation using ANSYS software with focus on the connection system. To make the composite beams, Eucalyptus citriodora wood and medium strength concrete were used. The slip modulus K and the ultimate strength values of each type of connector were obtained by direct shear tests performed on composite specimens. The results showed that the connector glued with epoxy adhesive resulted in better strength and stiffness (EI) for the composite beams when compared to the connector fixed by pre-drilling. The differences observed were up to 10%. The strength and stiffness (EI) values obtained analytically by $M{\ddot{o}}hler^{\prime}$ model were lower than the values obtained experimentally from the bending tests, and the differences were up to 25%. The numerical simulations allowed, with reasonable approximation, the evaluation of stress distributions in the composite beams tested experimentally.

Mechanism Design and Control Technique of Duct Cleaning Robot with Self-position Recognition (자기위치 인식 가능한 덕트 청소로봇의 메카니즘 설계 및 제어기법)

  • Jang, Woojin;Seo, Myungin;Ha, Junhwan;Park, Kyongtae;Kim, Dong-Hwan
    • The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.85-95
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    • 2019
  • This work shows how to design a robot structure and to control to overcome obstacles while traveling through ducts of various diameters and shapes by three-legged robot. Circuits are centered in the body to connect the three wheel bodies that are driven around the center body with the 4-section slider link structure. Also, the springs are used to contract and expand the robot legs so that it can be caparable of various environments. Geared motor, spring, and belt were selected based on the static and dynamic calculation to be suitable to horizontal and vertical travels. The center body is equipped with a camera and the distance sensors, and a control algorithms are implemented so that it can be successfully performed in L-type and T-type ducts. Using UWB modules and trilateration algorithm, the location of the duct-cleaning robot inside the duct could be identified successfully.

Dental alloplastic bone substitutes currently available in Korea

  • Ku, Jeong-Kui;Hong, Inseok;Lee, Bu-Kyu;Yun, Pil-Young;Lee, Jeong Keun
    • Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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    • v.45 no.2
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    • pp.51-67
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    • 2019
  • As dental implant surgery and bone grafts were widely operated in Korean dentist, many bone substitutes are commercially available, currently. For commercially used in Korea, all bone substitutes are firstly evaluated by the Ministry of Health and Welfare (MOHW) for safety and efficacy of the product. After being priced, classified, and registration by the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA), the post-application management is obligatory for the manufacturer (or representative importer) to receive a certificate of Good Manufacturing Practice by Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. Currently, bone substitutes are broadly classified into C group (bone union and fracture fixation), T group (human tissue), L group (general and dental material) and non-insurance material group in MOHW notification No. 2018-248. Among them, bone substitutes classified as dental materials (L7) are divided as xenograft and alloplastic bone graft. The purpose of this paper is to analyze alloplastic bone substitutes of 37 products in MOHW notification No. 2018-248 and to evaluate the reference level based on the ISI Web of Knowledge, PubMed, EMBASE (1980-2019), Cochrane Database, and Google Scholar using the criteria of registered or trademarked product name.

A Low-weight Authentication Protocol using RFID for IPTV Users (RFID를 이용한 IPTV 사용자의 경량화 인증 프로토콜)

  • Jeong, Yoon-Su;Kim, Yong-Tae;Park, Gil-Cheol;Lee, Sang-Ho
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.105-115
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    • 2009
  • At the most recent, IPTV service is increasing, which isa communicative broadcasting fusion service that provides various multimedia contents interactively followed by user's request through super high-speed internet. For IPTV user service with high mobility, IPTV user's enrollment is essential. However, IPTV service provided to mobile users can't provide the certification of mobile user securely. This paper proposes light user certification protocol which can certificate mobile users by attaching RFID to IPTV STB for secure awareness of mobile users who get IPTV service. The proposed protocol prevent reply attack and man-in-the-middle attack from happening oftenin a wireless section by transmitting the result value hashed by hash function with both its' ID and random number received from tag after tag transmits random number which generated randomly in the process of certification of mobile user to IPTV STB.

Effect of aerodynamic modifications on the surface pressure patterns of buildings using proper orthogonal decomposition

  • Tse, K.T.;Chen, Zeng-Shun;Lee, Dong-Eun;Kim, Bubryur
    • Wind and Structures
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    • v.32 no.3
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    • pp.227-238
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    • 2021
  • This study analyzed the pressure patterns and local pressure of tall buildings with corner modifications (recessed and chamfered corner) using wind tunnel tests and proper orthogonal decomposition (POD). POD can distinguish pressure patterns by POD mode and more dominant pressure patterns can be found according to the order of POD modes. Results show that both recessed and chamfered corners effectively reduced wind-induced responses. Additionally, unique effects were observed depending on the ratio of corner modification. Tall building models with recessed corners showed fluctuations in the approaching wind flow in the first POD mode and vortex shedding effects in the second POD mode. With large corner modification, energy distribution became small in the first POD mode, which shows that the effect of the first POD mode reduced. Among building models with chamfered corners, vortex shedding effects appeared in the first POD mode, except for the model with the highest ratio of corner modifications. The POD confirmed that both recessed and chamfered corners play a role in reducing vortex shedding effects, and the normalized power spectral density peak value of modes showing vortex shedding was smaller than that of the building model with a square section. Vortex shedding effects were observed on the front corner surfaces resulting from corner modification, as with the side surface. For buildings with recessed corners, the local pressure on corner surfaces was larger than that of side surfaces. Moreover, the average wind pressure was effectively reduced to 88.42% and 92.40% in RE1 on the windward surface and CH1 on the side surface, respectively.

A Scoping Review for Economic Evaluation of Korean Medicine for Whiplash Associated Disorders (교통사고 상해증후군의 한의치료에 대한 경제성평가를 위한 주제범위 문헌고찰)

  • Kang, Shin-Woo;Hwang, Yun Gyeong;Hwang, Man-Suk;Lee, Hye-Yoon
    • The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.97-105
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    • 2021
  • Objectives This study is aimed to evaluate cost-effectiveness of treatment of Korean Medicine for whiplash associated disorders (WAD) and to suggest the direction of future research. Methods We searched papers in Pubmed database to use some keywords indicating whiplash injury syndrome, treatment of Korean Medicine and cost-effectiveness. After searching, appropriate papers were selected depending on the exclusion criteria. The selected papers were analyzed in the sections of author, publication year, intervention and control groups, outcome measurement, the list including in the cost, cost-effectiveness, cost-utility and study design. Results Four studies about effect of Korean medicine and 3 studies about economic evaluation were finally included. Acupuncture was effective for balance disorder and neck pain. Economic evaluation studies used analytical decision model or cost-consequence analysis. Cost-effectiveness analysis using visual analog scale and cost-utility analysis using quality adjusted life years were performed. Initiating timing of proper management affected the consequence of treatments. Direct and indirect medical costs including supportive devices, and non-medical costs such as litigation were considered. Conclusions We conclude that studies haven't been conducted so far to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of Korean Medicine in whiplash injury syndrome. Thus, future studies are needed in this section.

Sensitivity and uncertainty quantification of neutronic integral data in the TRIGA Mark II research reactor

  • Makhloul, M.;Boukhal, H.;Chakir, E.;El Bardouni, T.;Lahdour, M.;Kaddour, M.;Ahmed, Abdulaziz;Arectout, A.;El Yaakoubi, H.
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • v.54 no.2
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    • pp.523-531
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    • 2022
  • In order to study the sensitivity and the uncertainty of the Moroccan research reactor TRIGA Mark II, a model of this reactor has been developed in our ERSN laboratory for use with the N-Particle MCNP Monte Carlo transport codes (version 6). In this article, the sensitivities of the effective multiplication factor of this reactor are evaluated using the ENDF/B-VII.0, ENDF/B-VII.1 and JENDL-4.0 libraries and in 44 energy groups, for the cross sections of the fuel (U-235 and U-238) and the moderator (H-1 and O-16). However, the quantification of the uncertainty of the nuclear data is performed using the nuclear code NJOY99 for the generation and processing of covariance matrices. On the one hand, the highest uncertainty deviations, calculated using the ENDFB-VII.1 and JENDL4.0 evaluations, are 2275, 386 and 330 pcm respectively for the reactions U235(n, f), $ U_{235}(n\bar{\nu})$ and H1(n, γ). On the other hand, these differences are very small for the neutron reactions of O-16 and U-238. Regarding the neutron spectra, in CT-mid plane, they are very close for the three evaluations (ENDF/B-VII.0, ENDF/B-VII.1 and JENDL-4.0). These spectra present two peaks (thermal and fission) around the energies 0.05 eV and 1 MeV.