• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.219-225
• /
• 1993

각 방사선량의 조사에 따른 사람 정상임파구, 마우스 정상임파구, 그리고 EL-4마우스 백혈병 세포의 DNA double strand breaks 발생율에 대하여 비교분석 하였던 바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. LPS와 PHA를 첨가하여 각각 배양한 마우스 정상임파구의 DNA double strand breaks의발생율을 strand scission factor의 기울기로 비교평가해 본 바 LPS를 첨가배양한 군이 DNA DSB가 더 많이 형성되었다(P<0.005). 이것으로 볼 때 DNA double strand breaks발생에 있어서는 B cells이 T cells보다 더 민감하였다. 또한 EL-4 백혈병 세포는 정상 임파구보다 유의하게 DNA DSB가 더 많이 형성된 것이 관찰되었다(p<0.005). 한편 사람 정상임파구와 마우스 정상임파구 사이의 intrinsic radiosensitivity는 시험관내 실험에서 비교적 유사한 kinetics를 나타냈으나, 마우스 정상임파구가 사람 정상임파구보다 DNA DSB수율이 더 낮았다. 그래서 방사선을 조사하고 3.5시간이 지난후에 $10\%$ DNA DSB발생에 필요한 선량을 두 군간에 비교평가해 본 바 마우스 정상임파구의 선량이 더 높게 나타났다. 이상의 실험결과를 정확하게 설명하기는 어 렵지만 아마도 환경적인 요인과 유전적인 요인 때문인 것으로 사료되었다. 그리고 본 연구결과는 방사선조사에 따른 임상반응의 이해와 cytometric assessment의 방사선 생물학적 parameter로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.611-616
• /
• 2014

Objectives: Dendritic cell (DC)-based tumor immunotherapy needs an immunogenic tumor associated antigen (TAA) and an effective approach for its presentation to lymphocytes. In this study we explored whether transduction of DCs with lentiviruses (LVs) expressing the human interleukin-12 gene could stimulate antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) against human lung cancer cells in vitro. Methods: Peripheral blood monocyte-derived DCs were transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding human IL-12 gene (LV-12). The anticipated target of the human IL-12 gene was detected by RT-PCR. The concentration of IL-12 in the culture supernatant of DCs was measured by ELISA.Transduction efficiencies and CD83 phenotypes of DCs were assessed by flow cytometry. DCs were pulsed with tumor antigen of lung cancer cells (DC+Ag) and transduced with LV-12 (DC-LV-12+Ag). Stimulation of T lymphocyte proliferation by DCs and activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) stimulated by LV-12 transduced DCs pulsed with tumor antigen against A549 lung cancer cells were assessed with methyl thiazolyltetrazolium (MTT). Results: A recombinant lentivirus expressing the IL-12 gene was successfully constructed. DC transduced with LV-12 produced higher levels of IL-12 and expressed higher levels of CD83 than non-transduced. The DC modified by interleukin -12 gene and pulsed with tumor antigen demonstrated good stimulation of lymphocyte proliferation, induction of antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes and antitumor effects. Conclusions: Dendritic cells transduced with a lentivirus-mediated interleukin-12 gene have an enhanced ability to kill lung cancer cells through promoting T lymphocyte proliferation and cytotoxicity.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제22권5호
• /
• pp.1270-1275
• /
• 2008

Effects of polysaccharide fraction from Euonymus alatus Sieb(EPF) on the immune response of T-, B-lymphocytes and macrophages were examined in vitro and in vivo system. EPF (500 mg/kg) were administered p.o. twice a day for 5 days to C57BL/6 mice, and then the cells were separated from mice. EPF decreased the viability of thymocytes, but increased the viability of splenocytes in vitro and in vivo system. Also, the administration of EPF enhanced the population of helper T cell and cytotoxic T cell in thymocytes and did not affect the population of splenocytes. Furthermore, EPF enhanced the phagocytic activity and the production of nitric oxide in peritoneal macro phages in vivo system. These results suggest that EPF regulates an immune response via the enhancement of mature T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes viability and phagocytic activity of macrophages.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
• /
• 제22권5호
• /
• pp.39.1-39.18
• /
• 2022

RNA metabolism plays a central role in regulating of T cell-mediated immunity. RNA processing, modifications, and regulations of RNA decay influence the tight and rapid regulation of gene expression during T cell phase transition. Thymic selection, quiescence maintenance, activation, differentiation, and effector functions of T cells are dependent on selective RNA modulations. Recent technical improvements have unveiled the complex crosstalk between RNAs and T cells. Moreover, resting T cells contain large amounts of untranslated mRNAs, implying that the regulation of RNA metabolism might be a key step in controlling gene expression. Considering the immunological significance of T cells for disease treatment, an understanding of RNA metabolism in T cells could provide new directions in harnessing T cells for therapeutic implications.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제12권7호
• /
• pp.1031-1034
• /
• 1999

Circulating lymphocytes collected from control and heat-stressed buffaloes were subjected to in vitro culture with glucocorticoids, epinephrine or serotonin and their effect, if any, on the release of intracellular prolactin (PRL) was studied using ELISA and C-ELISA techniques. It was noted from the study that PRL level was higher in lymphocytes than in plasma of the control and heat-stressed animals, and that the PRL levels increased in the plasma of heat-stressed animals compared to that of non stressed animals with a significant decrease in lymphocytic PRL content by heat stress. Epinephrine and serotonin significantly increased the release of intracellular PRL from the lymphocytes of both in the control and the heat-stressed buffaloes but release of PRL from lymphocyte was not significantly changed by cortisol treatment in both control and heat-stressed buffaloes as compared to epinephrine and serotonin in vitro. When lympocytes were incubated with serotonin, it caused drastic lysis of the lymphocytes but epinephirine and cortisol did not show any lysis. It may be concluded from this study that hormones like epinephrine or serotonin known to increase during stress, release intracellular PRL from lymphocytes, the satellite PRL storage/synthesizing organ of blood, although the mechanism of the release is different.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.433-440
• /
• 1991

Guinea pigs were administrated with T-2 toxin at a rate of 1 and 0.6mg/kg body weight per day for 21 days to study the immunological and pathological effects of T-2 toxin in guinea pigs. Blood was collected before T-2 treatment and on days 7, 14 and 21 of the trial for hematological and biological examinations and for the mitogen assay using lymphocytes. Myeloid: erythroid ratios were examined from the fernur bone marrow samples taken a day before T-2 toxin treatment began, on day 12 and at death. Guinea pigs received with 1mg/kg body weight of T-2 toxin daily showed leukopenic, lymphopenic and anemic signs on day 7 and 14. The mitogenic responses to the T-cell mitogen, Concanavalin A and B-cell mitogens, lipopolysaccharide were significantly depressed on day 7. Histologically, marked cellular damages including karyorrhexis and depletion of lymphocytes were observed in the actively dividing cells of the gastrointestinal tract, lymph node, spleen and bone marrow of guinea pigs.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제23권11호
• /
• pp.1409-1414
• /
• 2013

림프절은 체내로 침입한 병원체에 반응하여 성숙한 림프구들이 활성화 되는 곳이다. 림프구들은 스트로마의 구조적 뼈대를 따라 동계항원을 제시하고 있는 항원제시세포의 표면을 탐색한다. Fibroblastic reticular cells(FRC)는 림프절 T zone에서 3차원구조 네트워크를 형성하는데 관여하는 스트로마 세포로 유입되는 T 림프구들에 대한 안내길을 제공한다. 이런 상호 협력적인 환경에서 FRC와 T세포의 양방향적 관계는 림프절의 정상적 기능을 수행하는데 필수적이다. FRC는 물리적으로 림프절 조형물을 형성 할 뿐만 아니라 T세포 생물학적 기능조절에도 필수적이다. FRC는 T 림프구와 상호 반응하며 T세포에 발판을 제공하고 T세포 면역반응에 영향을 미치는 용해성 인자들을 방출한다. 최근에는 FRC는 말초에서 자기 관용 T세포 생성에도 관여하며 림프절에서 활성화된 T세포 분열을 조절하는데도 관여하고 있다. 따라서, FRC와 T세포 상호간 협력은 림프절에서 T세포기능을 조절하는데 중요한 결과를 야기한다. 더욱이, FRC는 염증 상황에서 항생펩타이드, 보체 등의 분비를 통한 선천성 면역에도 중요한 역할도 한다. 결론적으로 FRC와 T세포 상호간에 T세포 생물학적 효능을 증대를 위해 양방향성 접촉을 하며 이러한 상호 협력적 피드백은 면역반응 동안 조직기능 유지를 돕게 된다.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
• /
• 제3권3호
• /
• pp.182-187
• /
• 2003

Background: The mushroom Phellinus linteus (PL) has been shown to have the anti-tumor and immunostimulatory effects. We hypothesized that the hot water extract of PL (WEPL) exerts its significant immunostimulatory effect by inducing production of the Th1-derived cytokine interferon-${\gamma}$ (IFN-${\gamma}$) by T lymphocytes. Methods: T lymphocytes were isolated from the mice fed with 200 mg/kg of WEPL once a day for 4 weeks, and then stimulated with the mitogen concanavaline A (Con A). IFN-${\gamma}$ gene and intracellular protein expressions were analyzed by RT-PCR and flow cytometry, respectively. The production of IFN-${\gamma}$ was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: WEPL significantly enhanced the transcription of IFN-${\gamma}$ mRNA. The effect of WEPL on IFN-${\gamma}$ expression was further supported by a concomitant increase in the number of cells with intracellular IFN-${\gamma}$ protein as well as the secretion of IFN-${\gamma}$. However, WEPL did not modulate either gene expression or protein secretion of interleukin-4, a Th2-associated cytokine, by Con A-stimulated T lymphocytes. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that one of the potentially beneficial anti-tumor and immunostimulatory effects of WEPL may be mediated through the enhancement of IFN-${\gamma}$ secretion by T lymphocytes.

• 대한약리학회지
• /
• 제31권2호
• /
• pp.219-231
• /
• 1995

Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide(VIP) and ${\beta}-adrenergic$ agonists have immunomodultory effects on the peripheral blood T-lymphocytes of rat through their own receptors. Both of them utilize the same signal transduction pathway. That is, the stimulatory guanine nucleotide binding protein(G protein) mediates the receptor-adenylyl cyclase coupling, producing intracellular increase of cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP). In the previous experiment, propranolol, a ${\beta}-adrenergic$ receptor blocker, inhibited the VIP-induced protein phosphorylation in lymphocytes. However, propranolol could not block the effect induced by forskolin. Therefore, this study was designed to elucidate the mechanism of the inhibitory action of propranolol on the effects of VIP. Using peripheral blood lymphocytes of rats, the effect of propranolol on the receptor binding characteristics of VIP was observed. And the effects of propranolol were compared to the effects of timolol on the cAMP increase induced by isoproterenol, VIP or forskolin. The results obtained are as follows. 1) Receptor binding study showed no significant differences in the affinity or density of VIP receptor between the control and propranolol-pretreated groups. 2) VIP-induced increase of cAMP was inhibited by propranolol, but not by timolol. 3) Both propranolol and timolol suppressed the isoproterenol-induced cAMP increase. 4) Propranolol also inhibited the histamine-induced cAMP increase. 5) Propranolol did not inhibit the increase of cAMP stimulated by forskolin. 6) Lidocaine did not block the VIP-induced cAMP increase. These results show that the inhibitory mechanism of propranolol is not related to ${\beta}-adrenergic$ receptor or its membrane stabilizing effect, and it is suggested that propranolol can block the effects of VIP by inhibiting the intermediate step between the VIP receptor and adenylyl cyclase.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.374-387
• /
• 1997

The purpose of this study was to examine the distribution of lymphocyte populations in normal, reversibly inflamed and irreversibly inflamed human dental pulp tissues using flow cytometry. Flow cytometry, with specific antibody and fluorochrome reagent allows us to know cellular properties of hematolymphoid cells by measuring fluorescence of stained cells. Before extirpation of pulps in routine endodontic treatment, the clinical diagnosis were performed by symptom. The extirpated pulp tissues were divided into normal pulp group (N=5), reversible pulpit is group(N=10) and irreversible pulpitis group(N=7). The specimen was placed into RPMI 1640 medium, minced into small pieces, and then digested in medium with collagenase. The cell suspension was resuspended in PBS for monoclonal antibody staining of T lymhocytes(CD3+), B lymphocytes (CD19+), T helper cell (CD4+) and T supressor cell (CD8+). The percentages of cells were counted by FACStar(BD) flow cytometer. Following results were obtained; 1. In the most normal and inflamed pulps, the percentages of T lymphocyte, B lymphocytes, T helper cell and T suppressor/cytotoxic cell were less than 1 % in total counted pulpal cells. 2. The higher percentages of T, B, T helper and T suppressor cells were observed in irreversible pulpitis group as compared with the normal pulp and reversible pulpitis group but the differences between groups were not statistically significant (p>0.05). 3. The percentages of T helper cells (CD4 + cells) were greater than that of T suppressor/cytotoxic cells (CD8 + cells) in the inflamed pulps.