• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.61-69
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• 2018

The first part shows the optimal contact surface for T-shaped combined footings to obtain the most economical dimensioning on the soil (optimal area). This paper presents the second part of a new model for T-shaped combined footings, this part shows a the mathematical model for design of such foundations subject to axial load and moments in two directions to each column considering the soil real pressure acting on the contact surface of the footing with one or two property lines restricted, the pressure is presented in terms of an axial load, moment around the axis "X" and moment around the axis "Y" to each column, and the methodology is developed using the principle that the derived of the moment is the shear force. The classic model considers an axial load and a moment around the axis "X" (transverse axis) applied to each column, i.e., the resultant force from the applied loads is located on the axis "Y" (longitudinal axis), and its position must match with the geometric center of the footing, and when the axial load and moments in two directions are presented, the maximum pressure and uniform applied throughout the contact surface of the footing is considered the same. To illustrate the validity of the new model, a numerical example is presented to obtain the design for T-shaped combined footings subjected to an axial load and moments in two directions applied to each column. The mathematical approach suggested in this paper produces results that have a tangible accuracy for all problems.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.286-294
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• 2009

This study aimed to identify risk factors for type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Korea, a rapidly changing country. Data of 5,132 adults aged 20-85 were used from the 2001 Korean Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Multiple logistic regression was carried out to identify risk factors for T2D. Three models were specified: (i) socioeconomic and demographic factors (model 1: age, gender, education, poverty income ratio, employment), (ii) behavioral risk factors and covariates (model 2: obesity, physical activity, smoking, alcohol drinking, dietary quality, family history of T2D, co-morbidity) and (iii) socioeconomic, demographic, and behavioral factors (model 3). The prevalence of T2D was 7.4%. Less education (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.08-1.84), age (OR 2.19, 95% CI 1.56-3.08 in 40-59 yrs, OR 4.05, 95% CI 2.76-5.95 in 60 yrs + comparing to 20-39 yrs) and abdominal obesity (OR 2.24, 95% CI 1.79-2.82) were risk factors for T2D even after controlling for other factors simultaneously. There was a significant association of T2D with ever smoking (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.06-1.67). The relationship of age with T2D was modified by gender in model 1 and the relationship of smoking with T2D was modified by obesity in model 2. Less educated, older, obese or ever smokers were more likely to have T2D. Gender mediated the relationship of age, and obesity mediated the relationship of smoking, with T2D. Intervention programs for T2D in Korea should take the interactions among risk factors into account.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.67-67
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• 2001

The structure zone model has been used to provide an overview of the relationship between the microstructure of the films deposited by PVD and the most prominent deposition condition.s. B.AMovchan and AV.Demchishin have proposed it firstls such model. They concluded that the general features of the resulting structures could be correlated into three zones depending on $T/T_m$. Here T m is the melting point of the coating material and T is the substrate temperature in kelvines. Zone 1 ($T/Tm_) is dominated by tapered macrograins with domed tops, zone 2 ($O.3) by columnar grains with denser boundaries and zone 3 ($T/T_m>O.5$) by equiaxed grains formed by recrystallization. J.AThomton has extended this model to include the effect of the sputtering gas pressure and found a fourth zone termed zone T(transition zone) consisting of a dense array of poorly defined fibrous grains. R.Messier found that the zone I-T boundary (fourth zone of Thorton) varies in a fashion similar to the film bias potential as a function of gas pressure. However, there has not nearly enough model for explaining the change in morphology with crystal orientation of the films. The structure zone model only provide an information about the morphology of the deposited film. In general, the nucleation and growth mechanism for granular and fine structure of the deposited films are very complex in an PVD technique because the morphology and orientation depend not only on the substrate temperature but also on the energy of deposition of the atoms or ions, the kinetic mechanism between metal atoms and argon or nitrogen gas, and even on the presence of impurities. In order to clarify these relationship, AI and Mg thin films were prepared on SPCC steel substrates by PVD techniques. The influence of gas pressures and bias voltages on their crystal orientation and morphology of the prepared films were investigated by SEM and XRD, respectively. And the effect of crystal orientation and morphology of the prepared films on corrosion resistance was estimated by measuring polarization curves in 3% NaCI solution.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.17-25
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• 2021

When a person wears clothing, it is important to configure an outfit appropriate to the intended occasion. Therefore, T.P.O(Time, Place, Occasion) of the outfit is considered in various fashion recommendation systems based on artificial intelligence. However, there are few studies that directly infer the T.P.O from outfit images, as the nature of the problem causes multi-label and class imbalance problems, which makes model training challenging. Therefore, in this study, we propose a model that can infer the T.P.O of outfit images by employing a label-distribution-aware margin(LDAM) loss function. Datasets for the model training and evaluation were collected from fashion shopping malls. As a result of measuring performance, it was confirmed that the proposed model showed balanced performance in all T.P.O classes compared to baselines.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.902-906
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• 2004

A separation principle of the Takagj-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy-model-based observer-control is investigated. When the premise variables are able to be measured or directly computed from the outputs of the T-S fuzzy system and the fuzzy inference rules for the plant, control, and observer share the premise parts, the T-S fuzzy-model-based observer and the T-S fuzzy-model-based control can be separately designed such that the global stabilizability is guaranteed by the fuzzy observer-based output-feedback control. In this case, the global separation principle is well established. On the other hand, when the premise variables are unmeasurable or cannot be computed from the outputs, they should also be estimated. We examine the separation principle of this case. If the decay rates of the T-S fuzzy-model-based control and observer are sufficiently fast, the global separation is assured. Otherwise we show that the separation principle holds locally.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2021

The Internet of Things (IoT) has gained enormous popularity in various fields of industry. An IoT shopping environment is considered an effective tool for convenient use by consumers. Perceived values (including convenience and privacy risks) of IoT shopping can be the main factors that influence consumers' shopping intentions. The current study proposed a research model based on a value-based adoption model, which integrated perceived benefit and sacrifice, shopping attitude, and shopping intention in an IoT shopping environment. As potential customers, participants in their 20s and 30s were recruited through a marketing research firm. Responses collected via an online questionnaire validated the proposed research model and hypothesis. The results confirmed significant, positive relationships between perceived benefit, including both remote control and access convenience, and consumers' positive attitudes toward IoT shopping. The association between perceived privacy risk and consumers' shopping attitudes was not significant. The indirect effects of two benefits of IoT shopping on shopping intention were also significant and positive. From a practical perspective, this study can help marketers and service providers manage their IoT shopping platforms or applications more effectively to attract consumers. The implications and limitations of this study are discussed. Directions for future research and development of IoT shopping environment are suggested.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.830-835
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• 2007

In this paper, stress analyses using shell and solid elements on weld zone of railway bogie frame were performed. To calculate stress distribution on weld zone, a coupling model using shell and solid elements was suggested. For this purpose, we performed specimen analyses on T-type solid and shell model of T-type panels which were modeled using shell elements, solid elements and coupled elements, respectively. The result showed that the stress concentration at weld zone was occurred in solid model, but it didn't occur in shell model. And the stress distribution of coupled model was similar to that of solid model. Also, we applied the coupled modeling method on the analysis on weld zone of bogie frame. The stress distribution of coupled model showed much higher compared to that of shell only model. Therefore, the coupled model method is highly recommended for the stress analysis in weld zone of bogie frame.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.1001-1004
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• 2018

As the industry generates a lot of data, it is increasingly dependent on the IoT platform. For this reason, the performance and anomaly detection of IoT platform is becoming an important factor. In this paper, we propose a system model of IoT platform that detects device anomaly without performance issue. The proposed system uses Micro Batch which calculates the data transmission cycle to provide Soft Real-time service. In the industry, it was difficult to collect abnormal data, so the Hotelling's $T^2$ model was applied to the data analysis experiment. And the Hotelling's $T^2$ model successfully detected anomalies.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.525-538
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• 2022

This paper presents a more general model for T-shaped combined footings that support two columns aligned on a longitudinal axis and each column provides an axial load and two orthogonal moments. This model can be applied to the following conditions: (1) without restrictions on its sides, (2) a restricted side and (3) two opposite sides restricted. This model considers the linear soil pressure. The recently published works have been developed for a restricted side and for two opposite sides restricted by Luévanos-Rojas et al. (2018a, b). The current model considers the uniform pressure distribution because the position of the resultant force coincides with the center of gravity of the surface of the footing in contact with the soil in direction of the longitudinal axis where the columns are located. This paper shows three numerical examples. Example 1 is for a T-shaped combined footing with a limited side (one column is located on the property boundary). Example 2 is for a T-shaped combined footing with two limited opposite sides (the two columns are located on the property boundary). Example 3 is for a T-shaped combined footing with two limited opposite sides, one column is located in the center of the width of the upper flange (b₁/2=L₁), and other column is located at a distance half the width of the strip from the free end of the footing (b₂/2=b-L₁-L). The main advantage of this work over other works is that this model can be applied to T-shaped combined footings without restrictions on its sides, a restricted side and two opposite sides restricted. It also shows the deficiencies of the current model over the new model.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.67-73
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• 2005

$^{27}AI$ triple quantum magic angle spinning (3QMAS) NMR spectra of several mordenite (MOR) sample were simulated with the point charge model method and compared with experimental 3QMAS spectra. Signal positions from different tetrahedral (T) sites in 3QMAS spectra are mainly governed by local structures of T sites such as T-O-T angles and T-O bond lengths. When preparation methods, cations in addition to Si/Al rations vary, the local structures of T sites in MOR change enough to alter signal patterns in 3QMAS of MOR. This inhibits to study the of Al distribution variation over 4 different T sites in mordenite during process such as dealumination by 3QMAS spectra.