• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.1-24
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• 2000

This study was conducted to examine utilization patterns and determinants of oriental medical services. Data were collected from 545 residents in Taegu city The results of this study are summarized as follows 1) 37.8% of subjects used oriental medical services in the past year. Especially, the female, the ages of 50 and 60 over, the single. low-educated. high-income class, white-collar class, medical insured tended to use more oriental medical services than another groups. 2) 46.7% of users of oriental medical services reported that number of visits in the past year was 2 - 5 times 37 1% of them was 1 times, and 4.5% over 10 times. 3) According to the reasons to choose the oriental medical facilities, most was 'on their own judgement'(48.8%) and 'by the advice of relatives and friends'(42.0%) Regarding to the objectives of using oriental medicine, 68.3% was 'treatment', 31.7% 'health counselling and promotion'. And among diseases of users, diseases of musculo-skeletal system was the highest(54.5%). 4) 57.9% of oriental medical services users had experience of utilizing western medicine on the same diseases. Among peoples with experiencing western medicine on the same diseases. 54.4% received oriental medical services 'in addition to western medicine', 45.6%'in place of western medicine 'And 41.2% of using both services reported that they had difficulty in deciding to choose the type of services -oriental medical services or western medicine-for their diseases. 37.3% of them answered that 'providing relevant information' was the most desirable measure to solve this problem, 27.3% 'establishment of effective referral system between oriental and western medical facilities '23.6% 'cooperative medical treatment systems in the same facilities', 11.8%'integration of oriental medicine into western medicine 5) According to the satisfaction level with each items of oriental medical services, the respondents had positive views on efficacy, kindness, and side-effects. They, however, had negative view on the cost of oriental medical services. 6) In regarding to the priority of improvement of oriental medical system,'expansion of insurance benefit package 'ranked first. 'expansion of insurance benefit Package 'ranked second, 'improvement of scientific methods and diagnostic technique 'third, and 'safety of herbal medicine' fourth in order. 7) The significant factors influencing the utilization of oriental medical services were kindness of oriental medical practitioners, efficacy , travel time, age To be brief, utilization rate of oriental medical services in urban area generally tends to be high. There, however, have been various barriers to limit oriental medical services, such as incomplete benefit package of oriental medical insurance and lack of coordination and referral system between oriental and western medical services, lack of scientific diagnostic procedures, high price etc . For the development of oriental medical services, Much attention to remove these limiting factors should be placed. In addition, kindness of oriental medical practitioners , which is expected to be more important factor in the consumer - focused health care environment than ever, should be kept high consistently. Since this study was conducted for specific residents of an urban city. further research including more sampling in different urban areas should be required to generalize the results of the study.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.71-76
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• 2018

This study examined the status of the laboratory biosafety of researchers in Korea during 03 Jan 2017~25 Mar 2017. Questionnaires were given out to 500 researchers working with pathogens in the laboratory of universities and institutes. According to the results, the respondents showed a high level of awareness but not compliance on the overall biosafety rules and regulations. Regarding the Biosafety facility level, 279 (55.8%) of respondents answered "know" and 221 (44.2%) of respondents answered "no". Despite the insufficient safety equipment and biosafety plans, researchers believed that appropriate safety measures could protect the workers and that their laboratories are safe. In a study involving biosafety education, 80% of the researchers had been trained in laboratory safety and 20% had never received safety education. The need for biosafety education was 66% and the satisfaction rate of education was 46%. These results suggest that the researchers already had experience in biosafety training, but they believed that continuing education is necessary. In addition, there were opinions that the most important thing to improve the biosafety status is to strengthen the training program and education system. In conclusion, it is necessary to develop a better training system for laboratory biosafety regarding the exposure risks.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.605-610
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• 2018

The purpose of this paper is to develop evaluation methods in order to apply effective problem-based learning (PBL). To observe the effectiveness of a PBL system on learners and to comprehend the learning process of a PBL application, analysis of reflective journals and an evaluation questionnaire completed by participants (n=68) were used. The participants of the study were recruited from Hankyong National University students who undertook first-year Creative Engineering Design. A total of four problems for the PBL-based lectures were designed and applied to 12 weeks of PBL lectures. The participants completed reflective journals upon completion of each PBL problem-based activity; upon completion of the last PBL problem, participants completed and submitted a PBL system class-evaluation questionnaire. Also the participants completed an evaluation questionnaire at each step of the instructional procedures for each PBL problem-based activity. The findings of the research show that the participants increased their comprehension of PBL systems, their understanding of lecture content and of cooperative learning, and improved their self-reflection, authentic experience, creative problem-solving skills, communication skills, documentation skills, presentation skills, observational skills, and evaluation skills. The participants described how learning through PBL increased their confidence, satisfaction, and sense of achievement, compared to the previous semester.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.30 no.7_8
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• pp.672-680
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• 2003

A shopbot is a software agent whose goal is to maximize buyer´s satisfaction through automatically gathering the price and quality information of goods as well as the services from on-line sellers. In the response to shopbots´ activities, sellers on the Internet need the agents called pricebots that can help them maximize their own profits. In this paper we adopts Q-learning, one of the model-free reinforcement learning methods as a price-setting algorithm of pricebots. A Q-learned agent increases profitability and eliminates the cyclic price wars when compared with the agents using the myoptimal (myopically optimal) pricing strategy Q-teaming needs to select a sequence of state-action fairs for the convergence of Q-teaming. When the uniform random method in selecting state-action pairs is used, the number of accesses to the Q-tables to obtain the optimal Q-values is quite large. Therefore, it is not appropriate for universal on-line learning in a real world environment. This phenomenon occurs because the uniform random selection reflects the uncertainty of exploitation for the optimal policy. In this paper, we propose a Mixed Nonstationary Policy (MNP), which consists of both the auxiliary Markov process and the original Markov process. MNP tries to keep balance of exploration and exploitation in reinforcement learning. Our experiment results show that the Q-learning agent using MNP converges to the optimal Q-values about 2.6 time faster than the uniform random selection on the average.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.131-146
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• 2004

As Electronic Commerce(EC) has been emerged and has developed, many researchers have tried to establish EC framework for automated contract and negotiation using agent technologies. Traditional researches, however, often had limitations. They often enforced the user's participations during the automated contract process of agents. They also could only consider a few of the user's requirements for a specific goods and did not have supported the procedures and methodologies for making the best contract. In this paper, we propose business model on EC based on multiagents to overcome the defects of the previous researches. We apply CSP techniques to brokerage process to satisfy various preferential requirements from the user. We also propose efficient negotiation mechanism using negotiation model of game theory. The contract candidates automatically negotiate and mediate in terms of their benefits through the proposed negotiation mechanism. For the optimal brokerage and automated negotiation, the agents process activities for contract on three layers, which are called competition layer, constraint satisfaction layer and negotiation layer in the proposed model. We also design the message driven communication protocol to support the automated contract among the agents. Finally, we have implemented prototype systems applying the proposed model and have shown the various experimental results for efficiency of the proposed model.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.29 no.7B
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• pp.685-696
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• 2004

Real-time multimedia applications that require large amount of bandwidth need resource reservation before starting service for providing the QoS(i.e., Quality of Service). To reserve resources in advance, each reservation request has to notify its expectation on the required amount of resources and service duration. Using this information, a resource manager can schedule advance reservations. However, most existing resource management systems are adopting straightforward call admission control process (i.e., only immediate reservation) by checking currently available resources without considering the service duration. Hence, the resource management system that supports advance reservation has to manage confliction caused by indefinite service duration of immediate reservation. Even though the separation of resource pool according to type of reservation can prevent the confliction, it causes low resource utilization. In this paper, we propose an effective resource management scheme that supports both immediate and advance reservations by sharing resources dynamically. Using network cost function, the proposed scheme determines and adaptively adjusts resource boundary according to the confliction rate by varying weight parameters. And also, we define user utility function to quantify user satisfaction based on how well the reserved resource is guaranteed during service time. Simulation results using NS-2 network simulator show that the proposed scheme can achieve better resource utilization with preferable QoS than other schemes like static resource partitioning.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.189-199
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• 2009

The amount of information on the Web is explosively growing as the Internet gains in popularity. However, only a small portion of the information on the Web is truly relevant or useful to the user. Thus, offering suitable information according to user demand is an important subject in information retrieval. In e-commerce, the recommender system is essential to revitalize commercial transactions, raise user satisfaction and loyalty towards the information provider. The existing recommender systems are mostly based on user data collected at servers, so user data are dispersed over several servers. Therefore, web servers that lack sufficient user behavior data cannot easily infer user preferences. Also, if the user visits the server infrequently, it may be hard to reflect the dynamically changing user's interest. This paper proposes a novel personalization system analyzing the user preference based on web documents that are accessed by the user on a user device. The system also identifies non-content blocks appearing repeatedly in the dynamically generated web documents, and adds weight to the keywords extracted from the hyperlink sentence selected by the user. Therefore, the system establishes at an early stage recommendation strategies for the web server that has little user data. Also, user profiles are generated rapidly and more accurately by identifying the information blocks. In order to evaluate the proposed system, this study collected web data and purchase history from users who have current purchase activity. Then, we computed the similarity between purchase data and the user profile. We confirm the accuracy of the generated user profile since the web page containing the purchased item has higher correlation than other item pages.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.621-635
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• 2010

Problem-based Learning (PBL) has been known as an effective strategy for dealing with various aspects of education such as the enhancement of students' motivation, interest in subjects, academic achievement, and cooperative abilities. However, PBL has not been widely implemented in secondary schools. The purpose of this study is to investigate secondary school teachers' perception of problem-based learning and their way of applying it. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with nine secondary school teachers. Five of them had experience in implementing PBL, while four of them had interest in using PBL but had not yet had the experience. Different concepts were extracted and categorized. Nvivo 2.0 was used for analysis. The results were as follows: Changes in student attitude toward class, improvement on cooperation with others, self-regulated learning skills, and satisfaction from students' positive comments on PBL enabled teachers to become more enthusiastic and positive toward PBL. The stress of developing proper problems and the enormous amounts of time and efforts required in using PBL were shown as barriers for teachers in implementing PBL. However, some negative perspectives about PBL changed into positive after teachers experience PBL. By examining each teacher's way of implementing PBL, several teaching strategies suitable to their school systems were suggested.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.23-34
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• 2014

Though a dozen of different software life cycle models are suggested, there is no universal model which can satisfy all the characteristics of software. Organizations mix and match different life cycle models to develop a model more tailored for their systems and capabilities. We suggest overlapped-concurrent development life cycle model that is more suitable in various software development environment. Firstly, we divided the development process into abstract and implementation stage. Abstract stage is from software concept phase to detailed design starting time, and implementation stage is from detailed design phase to system testing phase. Next, the abstract stage introduced the overlapped phase concept that begins the next phase when the step is completed 20% by applying pareto's law. In the implementation stage, we introduced the concurrent development which the several phases are performed some time as when one use-case (UC) is completed the next development phase is started immediately. The proposed model has an advantage that it can reduce the inefficiency of development resource greatly. This model can increase the customer satisfaction with a great product at a low cost and on a short schedule. Also, this model can contribute to increase the software development success rate.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.13-22
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to survey a development of the wireless transmission system of medical images for ubiquitous medicine. There have been many changes in medical equipments and medical record medical treatment and medical record within hospital and PACS(Picture Archiving Communication System) which is picture management system for patients can be typical cases. It is difficult to use these automated medical systems unless they are within hospital and in case of rapid image reading in the emergency cases or in absence of doctor, it is difficult to perform it immediately. The present study implemented an image transmission system using CDMA connection so that images in the server can be viewed at any time and in any place. Remote wireless diagnosis based on medical images using PDA is applicable to medical areas that require mobility, and the use of PDA can be an ideal alternative for point of care. The use of PDA enables prompt and accurate access to digital medical images, which in turn reduces medical accidents and improves the quality of medical services through high productivity and efficiency of medical practitioners' works. It also enables quick response to patients' demands and high-quality medical services and, consequently, patients' high satisfaction.