• Title/Summary/Keyword: Systemic analysis

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A Change in the Diagnosis of a Korean Pediatric Outpatients following the COVID-19 Pandemic (코로나19 유행에 따른 한방소아청소년과 외래 환자의 진단명 변화)

  • Seo, Hae Sun;Park, So Hyun;Park, Sul Gi;Lee, Sun Haeng;Lee, Jin Yong
    • The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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    • v.35 no.4
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    • pp.16-33
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    • 2021
  • Objectives This study aims to provide directions for future Korean pediatric medicine treatment and researches by analyzing the characteristics of diseases of Korean pediatric outpatients before and after the COVID-19 epidemic. Methods We analyzed the medical records of 10,868 new patients aged 0-18 who visited the Korean pediatrics at Kyung Hee university hospital from January 1, 2019 to June 30, 2021. All patients were divided into 2 groups; patients who visited from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019, before the coronavirus epidemic, and patients who visited from January 1, 2020 to June 30, 2021, after the coronavirus epidemic. Within the two groups, the diagnosis distribution was performed for the entire population, by gender and by age group. Diagnoses were classified as allergy, growth, gastrointestinal, respiratory, general body supplementation, neuropsychiatric, skin, urogenital, musculoskeletal, and other systems. Results According to the comparative analysis results of before and after the COVID epidemic, there was a decreasing trend of diagnoses in relates to allergy, respiratory, urogenital, musculoskeletal system. On the other side, there was an increasing trend in gastrointestinal, general body supplementation, growth, neuropsychiatric, skin and other system. Changes in diagnosis based on gender and age group will be described below. Conclusions This study analyzed the characteristics of diseases of Korean pediatric outpatients before and after the COVID-19 epidemic, and suggested the direction of future Korean medicine treatment and researches for pediatrics. Also, this study aimed to propose proper treatments for children by showing the role of Korean pediatric medicine related to growth and development of children during the epidemic. However, this study has limitations such as failure to track the long-term impact of COVID-19. Thus, long term follow-up studies are needed to show the effect of COVID-19 on Korean pediatric medicine.

Salivary Flow According to Elderly's Whole Health and Oral Health Status: According to Application of Oral exercise and Salivary Gland Massage

  • Oh, Ji-Young;Noh, Eun-Mi;Park, Hye-Young;Lee, Min-Kyung;Kim, Hye-Jin
    • Biomedical Science Letters
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    • v.25 no.3
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    • pp.218-226
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    • 2019
  • In old age, measures to cope with the natural phenomenon of aging and various diseases of the elderly due to the deterioration of physical function are also a challenge for this society. While interest in systematic health is increasing, it is true that awareness and interest in oral-related diseases is relatively lacking. This study aims to present basic data necessary to improve the quality of life for senior citizens aged 65 or older by improving the oral dryness caused by systemic health. By research method, improve oral dryness caused by whole-body health with the elderly over 65 and promote their oral health, inducing the increase of the salivary flow rate through oral health care education, oral exercise, and salivary gland massage. First, on the DMSQ according to the general characteristics of the elderly, the recognition of the whole body and oral health status, independent sample t-test and One-way ANOVA were conducted. Second, on changes in the salivary flow rate and saliva pH according to the general characteristics of the elderly, recognition of oral and whole-body health status, and whole-body health, paired samples t-test was conducted. Studies have shown that salivary gland flow increased significantly after oral exercise and salivary gland massage, the salivary flow rate significantly increased. In all variables of the recognition of the oral health status, the salivary flow rate increased after oral exercise and salivary gland massage, and in the whole-body health, regardless of hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, and osteoporosis, the salivary flow rate increased after oral exercise and salivary gland massage, and the salivary flow rate increased after oral exercise and salivary gland massage if the subjects responded that they did not have thyroid abnormality, anemia, abnormalities of breathing, hypotension, gastrointestinal disturbance, or kidney diseases. As a comprehensive analysis of this study, many felt oral dryness when they had a problem with the whole-body health, and many felt oral dryness when they had a problem with oral health cognition. After applying oral exercise and salivary gland massage as intervention methods in the oral health care for the elderly, the salivary flow rate significantly increased, and it is judged that the methods were very effective for controlling oral dryness. Furthermore, it is judged that the factors affecting oral health, whole-body health, and oral dryness would be identified, which would be helpful for the promotion of whole-body health and oral health. It is judged that continuous research would be needed so that measures for the application of the oral care program and system for the elderly would be prepared in the future.

Effect of Cognitive Behavioral Art Treatment Using Smart Devices on the Changes of an Emotionally Disturbed Child (스마트기기 활용 인지행동 미술치료가 정서불안 아동의 변화에 미치는 효과)

  • Park, Mija;Lim, Keol
    • Journal of Digital Convergence
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    • v.17 no.5
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    • pp.89-97
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    • 2019
  • The purpose of this study was to understand educational changes and effects of cognitive behavioral art therapy using the smart device. The participant of the study was a 4th grade of male elementary school student who had aggressiveness and impulsiveness with emotional instability. The study was conducted one to two times a week for six months with a total of 30 educational sessions. Among 80 minutes per session, 60 minutes of art therapy and 20 minutes of cognitive behavioral therapy were applied, and during the sessions, cognitive action art therapy (drawing and shaping activities), cognitive restructuring, behavioral modification, systemic dullness, social skills training, empathy and landscaping training were applied. For the numeral assessment, Traffic Anxiety Inventory for Children (TAIC), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and emotional instability measures were used. Research showed that cognitive behavioral art therapy using smart devices had the effect of positive emotional change in children with emotional anxiety, and based on this, future development directions including systematic instructional design, scientific analysis and feedback technologies were discussed.

Korean Guidelines for Diagnosis and Management of Interstitial Lung Diseases: Part 2. Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

  • Lee, Sang Hoon;Yeo, Yoomi;Kim, Tae-Hyung;Lee, Hong Lyeol;Lee, Jin Hwa;Park, Yong Bum;Park, Jong Sun;Kim, Yee Hyung;Song, Jin Woo;Jhun, Byung Woo;Kim, Hyun Jung;Park, Jinkyeong;Uh, Soo-Taek;Kim, Young Whan;Kim, Dong Soon;Park, Moo Suk;Korean Interstitial Lung Diseases Study Group
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.82 no.2
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    • pp.102-117
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    • 2019
  • Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive fibrosing interstitial pneumonia, which presents with a progressive worsening dyspnea, and thus a poor outcome. The members of the Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases as well as the participating members of the Korea Interstitial Lung Disease Study Group drafted this clinical practice guideline for IPF management. This guideline includes a wide range of topics, including the epidemiology, pathogenesis, risk factors, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and acute exacerbation of IPF in Korea. Additionally, we suggested the PICO for the use of pirfenidone and nintendanib and for lung transplantation for the treatment of patients with IPF through a systemic literature review using experts' help in conducting a meta-analysis. We recommend this guideline to physicians, other health care professionals, and government personnel in Korea, to facilitate the treatment of patients with IPF.

The Determinants of Public Attitudes toward Welfare Spending in Korea: Focusing on Welfare Perceptions and the Quality of Government (복지태도의 결정요인 분석: 복지수준과 '정부의 질'에 대한 인식의 효과를 중심으로)

  • Lee, Jiho;Hwang, Ah Ran
    • 한국사회정책
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.257-285
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    • 2016
  • The purpose of this paper is to examine the determinants of public attitudes toward welfare spending in relation with the perception of welfare level. Data from the national survey of 'the SSK Good Government Research Unit' are used to perform a logistic regression analysis of the association between welfare attitudes and government perceptions, political orientations, and socio-economic backgrounds. The most prominent finding is that the determinants of welfare attitudes differ markedly between the two different groups of welfare perception. The empirical results say that persons living in a corrupt government tend to prefer welfare spendings despite having low level of welfare, and persons living in a unjust government tend to prefer welfare expansion because welfare level must be low. Persons living in a government of great capacity tend to have positive attitudes to welfare spending despite having a high level of welfare, whereas persons living in a government of less capacity tend to have negative attitudes to welfare expansion because the level of welfare is too high beyond government capacity. This distinction between the two perceptions of welfare level provides a systemic understanding of public attitudes toward welfare spending.

Awareness and Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Korean Lung Cancer Patients

  • Choi, Joon Young;Ji, Wonjun;Choi, Chang-Min;Chung, Chaeuk;Noh, Jae Myoung;Park, Cheol-Kyu;Oh, In-Jae;Yoon, Hong In;Kim, Hyeong Ryul;Kim, Ho Young;Yeo, Chang Dong;Jang, Seung Hun;Public Relation Committee of the Korean Association for Lung Cancer
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.84 no.2
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    • pp.105-114
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    • 2021
  • Background: Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has been used frequently, and its use continues to increase in lung cancer patients, despite insufficient scientific of its efficacy. To investigate this situation, we analyzed the current awareness and use of CAM in Korean lung-cancer patients. Methods: This prospective survey-based study was performed at seven medical centers in South Korea between August and October 2019. The survey assessed general patient characteristics and the awareness and use of CAM. We analyzed differences in the clinical parameters of patients aware and not aware of CAM and of CAM non-users and users. Results: Of the 434 patients included in this study, 68.8% responded that they were aware of CAM and 30.9% said they had experienced it. In univariate analysis, the patients aware of CAM were younger with poor performance status, had advanced-stage lung cancer, received more systemic therapy, and received concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT). By multiple logistic regression, younger age, poor performance status, advanced stage, and prior CCRT were identified as independent risk factors for CAM awareness. There were no significant differences in the general characteristics and cancer-associated clinical parameters of CAM non-users and users. Conclusion: Specific clinical parameters were associated with patients' awareness of CAM, although there were no significantly different characteristics between CAM users and non-users.

The Incidence and risk factors of delirium in elderly surgical patients (외과계 병동 노인 수술 환자의 섬망 발생률과 위험요인)

  • Lee, Eun Ju;Jang, Mi;Kim, Myung Hwa;Yun, Hye Jun;Kim, Eun Mi;Chung, Young In;Kim, Bo Kyung;Im, Eun Su;Hong, Kyoung Soon
    • Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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    • v.28 no.2
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    • pp.137-145
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    • 2022
  • Purpose: This retrospective chart review study was conducted to examine the frequency of delirium and to identify the risk factors of delirium in elderly surgical patients. Methods: The subjects of this study were 394 patients aged 65 years or older who underwent surgery. The diagnosis of delirium was based on the nursing assessment records with scores from the day of surgery to the 4th day after surgery. The collected data were analyzed by binary logistic regression analysis. Results: The incidence of delirium was 4.3%, and delirium occurred most frequently on the first day of surgery and lasted for 2.16 days on average. Of delirium patients, 76.5% underwent gastrointestinal surgery, and the most common delirium pattern was disorientation. In terms of the characteristics of the subjects, the occurrence of delirium was statistically different by age (𝝌2=10.79, p=.005), systemic-specific disease (𝝌2=9.63, p=.047), use of delirium-inducing drug(benzodiazepine) before surgery (𝝌2=15.90, p<.001), walking ability before surgery (𝝌2=7.65, p=.006), history of delirium (𝝌2=35.92, p<.001), and emergency surgery (𝝌2=16.40, p<.001). As risk factors of delirium, gastrointestinal surgery was found to increase the risk of delirium by 12.57 times (95% CI=2.45~64.46, p=.002), and the use of benzodiazepines before surgery was shown to increase delirium by 10.07 times (95% CI=2.21~45.87, p=.003). Conclusion: It is necessary for nurses to actively evaluate delirium using screening tools for early detection and prevention of delirium in elderly surgical patients with delirium risk factors.

A Comparative Study on the Burden of proof between Korea and the USA under the Product Liability (제조물책임법상 입증책임에 관한 한·미 간 비교연구)

  • Ha, Choong-Lyong;Kim, Eun-Bin
    • Korea Trade Review
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    • v.43 no.3
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    • pp.101-124
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    • 2018
  • After the establishment of the Korean Product Liability Act, a new clause on the burden of proof has been added and is being revised to meet the purpose of consumer protection. Article 3(2) of the new clause stipulates a provision for estimating a causal relationship when proving indirect facts to alleviate burden of proof. While consumer rights are increasing and public attention is drawn to consumer issues, problems are still emerging. In order to solve the problem, the U.S. Product Liability Act, which has strong consumer rights, was examined to describe the direction in which Korea's Product Liability Act should proceed in terms of consumer protection. The results of the comparative analysis show that the US has expanded the concept of strict liability in terms of rigorous liability, consumer dispute resolution, provable possibility, and litigation accessibility, The consumer dispute settlement system has thoroughly protected consumers by operating educational and systemic consumer ADR system. As for the possibility of proving, Korea has three provenances, and the United States has one. In the United States, where consumer lawsuits are frequent, lawsuits are more accessible than those in Korea, where the party responsible for proving is turned into a manufacturer and responsible for proving the case. This study focuses on consumer protection and provides implications for Korean product liability law.

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Trends in the rapid detection of infective oral diseases

  • Ran-Yi Jin;Han-gyoul Cho;Seung-Ho Ohk
    • International Journal of Oral Biology
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    • v.48 no.2
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    • pp.9-18
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    • 2023
  • The rapid detection of bacteria in the oral cavity, its species identification, and bacterial count determination are important to diagnose oral diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria. The existing clinical microbial diagnosis methods are time-consuming as they involve observing patients' samples under a microscope or culturing and confirming bacteria using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) kits, making the process complex. Therefore, it is required to analyze the development status of substances and systems that can rapidly detect and analyze pathogenic microorganisms in the oral cavity. With research advancements, a close relationship between oral and systemic diseases has been identified, making it crucial to identify the changes in the oral cavity bacterial composition. Additionally, an early and accurate diagnosis is essential for better prognosis in periodontal disease. However, most periodontal disease-causing pathogens are anaerobic bacteria, which are difficult to identify using conventional bacterial culture methods. Further, the existing PCR method takes a long time to detect and involves complicated stages. Therefore, to address these challenges, the concept of point-of-care (PoC) has emerged, leading to the study and implementation of various chair-side test methods. This study aims to investigate the different PoC diagnostic methods introduced thus far for identifying pathogenic microorganisms in the oral cavity. These are classified into three categories: 1) microbiological tests, 2) microchemical tests, and 3) genetic tests. The microbiological tests are used to determine the presence or absence of representative causative bacteria of periodontal diseases, such as A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, and T. denticola. However, the quantitative analysis remains impossible, and detecting pathogens other than the specific ones is challenging. The microchemical tests determine the activity of inflammation or disease by measuring the levels of biomarkers present in the oral cavity. Although this diagnostic method is based on increase in the specific biomarkers proportional to inflammation or disease progression in the oral cavity, its commercialization is limited due to low sensitivity and specificity. The genetic tests are based on the concept that differences in disease vulnerability and treatment response are caused by the patient's DNA predisposition. Specifically, the IL-1 gene is used in such tests. PoC diagnostic methods developed to date serve as supplementary diagnostic methods and tools for patient education, in addition to existing diagnostic methods, although they have limitations in diagnosing oral diseases alone. Research on various PoC test methods that can analyze and manage the oral cavity bacterial composition is expected to become more active, aligning with the shift from treatment-oriented to prevention-oriented approaches in healthcare.

Psychosomatic Symptoms Following COVID-19 Infection (코로나19 감염과 그 이후의 정신신체증상)

  • Sunyoung Park;Shinhye Ryu;Woo Young Im
    • Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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    • v.31 no.2
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    • pp.72-78
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    • 2023
  • Objectives : This study aims to identify various psychiatric symptoms and psychosomatic symptoms caused by COVID-19 infection and investigate their long-term impact. Methods : A systematic literature review was conducted, selecting papers from domestic and international databases using keywords such as "COVID-19" and "psychosomatic." A total of 16 papers, including those using structured measurement tools for psychosomatic symptoms, were included in the final analysis. Results : Psychiatric symptoms such as anxiety, depression, and somatic symptoms have been reported in acute COVID-19 infection, while long-term post-COVID symptoms include chest pain and fatigue. The frequency of long-term psychosomatic symptoms has been estimated to be 10%-20%. Factors contributing to these symptoms include psychological and social stress related to infectious diseases, gender, elderly age, a history of psychiatric disorders, and comorbid mental illnesses. It is suggested that systemic inflammation, autoimmune responses, and dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system may be involved. Conclusions : Psychosomatic symptoms arising after COVID-19 infection have a negative impact on quality of life and psychosocial functioning. Understanding and addressing psychiatric aspects are crucial for symptom prevention and treatment.