• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
• /
• 제28권12호
• /
• pp.896-909
• /
• 2001

현재 새롭게 개발되는 소프트웨어는 50% 이상이 분산 플랫폼에서 개발되고 있다. 또한 분산 컴포넌트 기반의 소프트웨어 개발을 가능하게 하는 EJB(Enterprise Java Beans)[1] COM(Component Object Model )[2]. CORBA(Common Object Request Broker Architecture)[3] 와 같은 기술이 급격히 발전하고 있다. 따라서 분산 플랫폼 상에서 컴포넌트 기반의 응용 소프트웨어 개발을 위한 체계적인 개발 프로세스가 요구된다. 그러나 현재의 일반적인 컴포넌트 기반 소프트웨어 개발 방법론은 각 작업들간의 관 계와 각 작업의 산출물간의 관계를 명확히 제시하지 않는다. 또한 분산 응용 소프트웨어 개발에 있어서 고려되어야 할 분산 이슈에 대해서도 체계적으로 다루지 않고 있다. 본 논문에서는 분산 컴포넌트 기반의 응용 소프트웨어 개발을 위한 분석 및 설계 방법을 제시한다. 본 논문에서 제시하는 방법에서는 UMI 기반의 프로세스인 Unified process를 바탕으로 하여 체계적인 개발 지침과 산출물의 관계를 제시한다 또한 플랫폼과 프로그래밍 언어에 독립적인 CORBA 환경을 고려하여 성능. 결함 방지, 안전성, 분산 트랜잭션의 분산 이슈를 명시적으로 다루는 지침을 제시한다.

• 간호행정학회지
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.55-72
• /
• 2002

Purpose : This study aimed at understanding the lived experience of new graduate nurse in hospital setting.Method : This study was based on a phenomenological approach. For this study, 8 new graduate nurses participated. The unstructured in-depth interviews were carried out from June to October, 1998. The data was analyzed Van Kaam's method.Results : Clinical new graduate nurses experienced clinical adaptation and endeavor, professional conflict of nursing, disability of nursing performance, work stress and management, maladaptation of human relationships, diverse emotions of interpersonal relationships, change of personal identity, difference between theory and reality of nursing.Clinical adaptation and endeavor included to get familiar with hospital life, satisfaction and worth for nursing, to get familiar with scoldings, calm down by oneself, efforts for self-development. Professional conflicts of nursing included future uncertainties in the hospital, dissatisfactions in work, doubts and regrets in nursing.Disability of nursing performance included lack of knowledges and skills, desolate working, stresses from mistake in working. Work stress and management included psychological signs and symptoms, physical signs and symptoms, management of stress. Maladaptation of human relationships included unsuitabilities in nursing unit climate, difficulties in human relationship. Diverse emotions of interpersonal relationships included regrets and absurdities to clients, thanks and regrets to colleagues, difficulties with doctors, sense of rivalry with colleague nurses. Change of personal identity included to become narrowing life circle, change of personality. The differences between theoretical knowledge and practice included needs of systematic pre-education for clinical nursing practice, differences between nursing educations and clinical practices.Conclusion : Therefore, the human resource management reflecting new graduate nurses' experiences should be developed.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제19권6호
• /
• pp.114-124
• /
• 2019

본 연구는 학교 현장에서 빈번하게 일어나지만 체계적인 기준 없이 이루어지는 교사의 자리 배치와 그에 따른 교우관계 형성의 관계성을 밝히려는 목적이 있다. 이런 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 2016년에 일반계 고등학교 3학년 문과반 학생 28명을 대상으로 2차에 걸쳐 교우관계에 관한 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문조사 결과를 네트워크 분석을 실시하여 하위네트워크, 구조적 공백, 친밀도가 가장 낮은 학생을 확인할 수 있었으며, 물리적 자리배치를 인접행렬로 변환하여 학생간 친밀도와의 차이검정을 실시하였다. 사회 네트워크 분석을 위하여 Ucinet 6.0 프로그램을 사용하였으며, 차이검정 통계를 위하여 SPSS Ver. 20.0을 사용하였다. 연구결과 학급 내 자연스럽게 형성된 하위네트워크가 4개가 존재하였고, 친밀도가 가장 낮은 학생 1명을 확인할 수 있었다. 그 학생을 구조적공백을 가진 학생 주변에 위치시켰을 때 긍정적인 교우관계가 형성되었음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.217-225
• /
• 2003

한국산 초파리과의 계통학적 연구의 일환으로, 초파리아속에 속하는 10종을 대상으로 동위효소와 수용성 단백질 분석을 실시하였다. 동위효소와 수용성 단백질 분석결과 D.(D.) angularis와 D.(D.) brachynephros가 유전학적으로 가장 가까운 종이었으며, D.(D.) curvispina와 D.(D.) tsigana 사이는 유전적 거리가 가장 먼 종으로 분석되었다. 그리고. 초파리아속 10종은 D.(D.) virilis, D. (D.) tsigana, D. (D.) lacertosa의 제1군과 D. (D.) angularis와 D. (D.) hrachynephros, D. (D.) unispina와 D. (D.) curvispina, D. (D.) takadai와 D. (D.) kuntzei. 그리고 D (D.) nigromaculata의 4개의 아군으로 이루어진 제 2군으로 나눌 수 있다.

• Safety and Health at Work
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.249-261
• /
• 2020

Background: Hearing loss is one of the most prevalent worker health conditions worldwide. Although the effect of noise exposure on hearing is well researched, other workplace exposures may account for significant hearing loss. The aim of this review was to determine whether occupational hand-arm vibration exposure through use of power or pneumatic tools, independent of noise exposure, is associated with permanent hearing loss. Do workers suffer from hand-arm vibratione-induced hearing loss? Methods: Peer-reviewed articles published in English between 1981 and 2020 were identified through five online databases with five search keywords. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines, including online database search methodology, study selection, article exclusion, and assessment of potential study design confounders and biases, were followed. Results: Database searches retrieved 697 articles. Fifteen articles that reported 17 studies met the criteria for review. All but two studies revealed statistically significant associations between occupational exposure to hand-arm vibration and hearing loss. The majority of the study results revealed associations between hand-arm vibration and hearing loss, independent of potential age and noise confounders. Conclusion: Few studies have examined the association between occupational exposure to hand-arm vibration and hearing loss. Dose response data were limited as only one study measured vibration intensity and duration. Although the majority of studies identified statistically significant associations, causal relationships could not be determined. Further research using standardized and uniform measurement protocols is needed to confirm whether the association between occupational exposure to hand-arm vibration and permanent hearing loss is causal and the mechanism(s).

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제17권8호
• /
• pp.3805-3807
• /
• 2016

Literature on the relationship between recurrent urinary tract infections and urinary bladder carcinoma risk has been inconsistent. Therefore, we carried out this systematic review of observational studies to ascertain if there is any association between chronic urinary tract infection and urinary bladder carcinoma. A total of 10 databases were searched using Boolean: CINAHL, PUBMED, Google Scholar, Medline, Science Direct, SCIRUS, Cochrane, UK PubMed central, NHS evidence and WHO-website. The search yielded an initial hit of 3,518 articles and after screening and critical appraisal, seven studies were included for this review. Four articles reported an association between chronic urinary tract infections and bladder cancer while three concluded a weak or no association at least in one gender. Main findings in this review were that most of the studies reported an association between chronic urinary tract infections and bladder cancer risk. However, inferences about the causal association between chronic urinary tract infections and bladder cancer risk should be drawn cautiously considering the methodological limitations of case-control studies included in this review. Therefore, more empirical evidence is needed to determine the causal nature of relationships between chronic urinary tract infections and bladder cancer risk.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.51-64
• /
• 2014

This study provides a systematic review of the literature on nipple-sparing mastectomy and necrotic complications in order to estimate the prevalence of necrotic complications and to investigate their significant predictors. A literature search was conducted using the MEDLINE and Ovid databases. A pooled analysis was performed for calculation of the prevalence of nipple-areolar complex (NAC) necrosis, mastectomy flap necrosis, and overall necrotic complications and to evaluate the relationships between necrotic complications and potential risk factors. A total of 44 papers were analyzed. The prevalence of overall necrotic complications was 13.7%, including 7.5% for NAC necrosis and 7.8% for mastectomy flap necrosis. Types of incisions showed significant association with the rates of NAC necrosis and mastectomy flap necrosis. Incisions involving the NAC showed a significantly higher rate of NAC necrosis than those not involving it. The prevalence of NAC necrosis was higher in the autologous tissue reconstruction group than in the prosthesis group. Active smoking and diathermy dissection were significant predictors of both NAC necrosis and mastectomy flap necrosis. The findings of this review suggest that there are several predictors of necrotic complications in nipple-sparing mastectomy. Appropriate patient selection, careful operative planning, and surgical technique refinements may reduce the risk of necrotic complications.

• 한국건설관리학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국건설관리학회 2006년도 정기학술발표대회 논문집
• /
• pp.462-466
• /
• 2006

건축물의 생산 프로세스를 성공적으로 진행하기 위한 시발점은 사업 타당성 분석에서부터 비롯된다. 사업타당성 분석이 부실하여 그 결과가 설계 및 시공과 같이 직접적인 생산단계에서 나타난다면 이미 돌이킬 수 없는 상황에서 기업에 많은 손실을 끼치게 된다. 정부에서는 IMF 이후 건설산업의 경쟁력 확보 차원에서 500억원 이상의 공사에 대해 반드시 사업타당성 분석을 시행토록 제도화하고 있지만 민간 건축개발사업의 타당성 분석과 관련해서는 체계적인 연구나 지침 마련을 위한 조직과 노력이 매우 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 상업 건축물 중 사무소 건물을 대상으로 시스템 다이내믹스 기법을 활용하여 사업성에 영향을 미치는 여러 변수의 변화와 상호관계를 고려하여 체계적으로 분석을 하여 사업타당성 분석항목 및 평가기준 설정을 목적으로 한다.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.95-111
• /
• 2000

The family financial management is the important element which has a effect on the improvement of family economic well-being. Thus the study sets up human & material resources and requirement as an input factor, family financial management as an throughput factor, and economic well-being as an output factor, and then identifies if there are some relationships among them by using a systematic approach of family financial management. The questionaires were distributed to 600 employed wives by carrying out cluster sampling and disproportional stratified sampling. The 573 cases of them were used as the mean, ratio, Pearson’s Correration, ANOVA, factors analysis, and Stepwise Regression using the SAS/PC+. The major findings of the study are as follows: 1) A practical application of information as on input variable, appears the fator which has an important effect upon the throughput factor, that is, family financial management. The employed wives should manage a lot of resources in rapidly changing social-economic circustances. So it shows that not only they should take informations open to their daily life and then make practical use of them in managing their family finance, but also they must be capable of judging and accepting reasonable informations in order to gain and manage resources suitable to the characteristics of family finance and family members’need. 2) There was significant relationship between the employed wives’family financial management and family economic well-being, focused on the systematic theory of family financial management. This study provides for the information to develope the program for the employed wives’family financial planning and counseling.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국건축시공학회 2006년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회 논문집
• /
• pp.133-137
• /
• 2006

Can examine cause that the construction industry is faced in crisis of skill exhaustion in two sides. One is the tribe of actuality production manpower by entry evasion and graying of young man class specially new manpower to the tribe of skill manpower. Another is qualitative decline of skill manpower. Generally, problem of the systematic knowledge tribe and the picking up tribe about new technology etc, exists because learn skill for shoulder beyond in spot. In cutting phenomenon of skill that is depended on personal relationships availability with skilled worker in hereafter, problem that worker who is old or enter through rain skilled worker does not learn all life skill is detected. These problems institute entry of young man class and necessity of systematic vocational education training specially new human strength strongly. This study does presentation of way to promote construction industry entry of young man class and improvement way of vocational education training system that can do to train these by function manpower by purpose.