• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.25-44
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• 2003

In this paper, we deal with the ‘dearithmetization’ of algebra. Historically, the origin of algebra comes from arithmetic. Also school algebra is related to arithmetic in general. However, we have many difficulties in teaching school algebra, and there is many problems for students to learn algebra from elementary arithmetic knowledges. This paper supposed that the solution of these problem may be founded in the ‘dearithmetization’ of algebra. And we supposed that the ‘dearithmetization’ of algebra may be developed by three historical achievements - the completion of symbolic algebra, the principle of permanence of form, and the expansion of number concepts. In order to justify these supposition, we investigate Peacock's ideas, i.e. ‘symbolic algebra’, ‘the principle of permanence of form’, and consider how the integer is introduced in modern mathematics. And we analyze various textbooks, and investigate the ‘dearithmetization’ of school algebra which has been progressed in the three fields - symbolic algebra, the principle of permanence of form, and the expansion of number concepts.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.133-152
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• 2006

The objectives of this study are as follows. First, we try to find out if self-congruity between brand personality and self-image overall has significant influence on the attitude toward brand. Second, we figured out whether functional, experiential, and symbolic values have influence on the attitude toward brand. Third, we figured out if self-congruity between brand personality and self-image has significant influence on a functional, experiential, and symbolic values. Main results are as follows. Consumers tend to prefer certain brand of casual wears in accordance with their cognized brand-personality and self-image. Functional values of Bean-Pole, Hazzys, and Tommy's except Polo have positive influence on attitude toward brand. Experiential and symbolic values of all the four brands have positive influence on attitude toward brand. However, the influences of self-congruity between brand personality and self-image on individual brand varied.

• 중국학논총
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• no.70
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• pp.169-195
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• 2021

The spatial background is a key element in the development of the character's identity. It is very important to understand the symbolic significance of the spatial background in Eileen Chang's Chuan Qi, a collection of short stories and novellas. The space in Chang's Chuan Qi largely consists of Shanghai and Hong Kong. Smaller spaces include the characters' abodes, such as the mansion and apartment. Even smaller spaces are the interior of a room. The mansion is where she experienced abuse and neglect from her father during her adolescence. The apartment is a place of attachment, as was the place where she lived with her mother. This paper categorizes the mansion, her father's abode, as "a place of daydreams," "a place of death and graves," and the apartment, her mother's abode, as "a place of female independence," "a place of hope for a better life," This paper then examines these spaces to analyze how the symbolic meaning of space influences the identity of the characters.

• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.89-99
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• 2023

Purpose: This study explores the relationship between future time perspective and older consumers' masstige product consumption, specifically, their intention to purchase masstige brand products, with a focus on their motivational drives from an functional value and symbolic value perspective. Research design, data and methodology: Data were collected through an online questionnaire from 419 people aged 54 to 64 years in South Korea and the hypotheses were examined using structural equation modeling. Results: Our results indicated that middle-aged and older consumers who have expanded future time perspective have higher intention to purchase masstige brands and their functional value and symbolic value of masstige brands were found to mediate future time perspective and intention to purchase masstige brands. Conclusions: The findings offer insights into masstige brand consumption by older South Korean consumers that may be useful for both academics and marketers.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.109-121
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aims to verify whether avatars that embody different brand concepts offer different experiences to users. Furthermore, this study explores the relationship between user identification with avatars and their actual brand purchase intentions. Research design, data and methodology: The research design employed a between-subjects approach, with two independent variables: brand concept and avatar. The measured dependent variables were brand experience in extended reality (XR) and purchase intention. Additionally, brand attitude served as a control variable. Results: First, in virtual brand spaces with symbolic benefits, ideal avatars were found to elicit higher levels of brand experience than actual avatars. Specifically, participants reported elevated levels of entertainment and relational assembly experiences in symbolic brand spaces. Second, this research reveals that the relationship between users' identification with avatars and their intention to make actual brand purchases is mediated by brand experience in XR. Conclusions: The findings suggest that ideal avatars evoke higher levels of brand experience within symbolic brand spaces, particularly in entertainment, relational connection, and a sense of community. Furthermore, this study establishes the role of brand experience in XR as a mediator between avatar identification and purchase intentions.

• The Journal of Art Theory & Practice
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• no.5
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• pp.7-24
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• 2007

The subject is connected with a structure named "The Symbolic" to Lacan, but he denied that the subject is explained simply as a fruit of language and "Other". From his point of view, passing through Subject, De-formation and Crack over it is designated as foundation of generation and creation rather than our destined defect. It should not be understood that subject of "The Real" is a concept of the subject free itself from restraint of "The Symbolic". However, this does not mean he asserts "Subject" is something incapable of being controlled by the unknown power. The problem is that this autonomous existence meets inside of it with something "more than one's own self" by "circulating around itself" like a permanent star. This is the indication of a "stranger in the middle of my privacy", or "extimit$\'{e}$", a coined-word by Lacan. Perhaps "Subject" is nothing more than the name of distance of object which is "too hot" to come close, and of this circulating movement. It's because of this object that the real subject stands against generalization and the subject can't be restored to any place in symbolic order-even though it is empty. The part which is told from Lacan's structural theory, that is to say, an importance to Lacan is that his Subject theory is not suggested or denied as a manual structure. On the contrary, it is a study of the relationship between the settled symbol that included in "real subject which is a unconscious one" and the symbolic subject hold- that is a metaphysical subject in general meaning. In Lacan's enlarged concept of subject beyond symbolic reality, it is noticeable that it gives justifiability to the union of a medium of different nature in artistic expression. We can recognize that the unconscious world is a living space which enables it to be a "condition of human being", not something dark under the surface of water through Magritte's(Rene Magritte, 1898~1967) surrealistic works. In other words, Magritte's art secures a core dimension of human nature through a mysterious gap of conscious and settled space. Magritte's drawings often evokes strange and unsettling feelings in people who view his paintings. This is because routine objects are found in "unsuitable" places from which we usually find them in our everyday lives. "Reality" in Magritte's paintings makes it aware that it is a strained field of concealment and disclosure basically between truths, and we can learn that his behavior to overturn to paint in-visible things is finally an effort to restore the "real subject" to the viewer's reality. In other words, such reversion arouses a nostalgic desire for the objects existing in their original appearance as they are - natural condition that our gaze had not been distorted yet by anamorphic stains. - and the state when we are conscious of them normally. Such desire offers an opportunity for us to get out of mental depression rather than operates to us as an abnormal crack. It's a successive process of effort to search for lost subject and Paradise Lost facing up to reality of subject human that is to be a subject of world and life are ousted from their place by structure and authority of culture.

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.35
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• pp.415-443
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• 2012

The moral instruction expresses and conveys a abstract objects so called moral. And it pursues occurrence of moral meaning contained a emotion. In these respects, there is a resemblance between moral instruction and artistic symbolic language. Meanwhile, the poetry are a typical form of artistic symbolic language, and especially poetic symbolism is a representative and possible way that expresses accepting a meaning of abstract objects. Then a moral instruction needs to be poetic symbolism. The poetic symbolism that a moral instruction intends to resemble is a linguistic expression, but at the same time that is a expression beyond a linguistic limitation for conveying the metaphysical meaning. For this, the poetic symbolism reveals visible and concrete vehicles that imply invisible and metaphysical tenor. At this point, poetic symbolism is characterized with sameness, implicitness, polysemy, context, allness. The poetic symbolism having these characters appears personal symbol of poet as combined with creative imagination, and is experienced poetic meaning as combined with creative imagination of reader. The moral instruction as a poetic symbolism offers learning experience similar to poetic experience. The moral instruction as a poetic symbolism would be constructed not a logical or prosaic explain but symbolic form that can draw various moral meaning. For this construction, first, we might find a symbolic media for materialization of teaching contents. Second, moral teaching should be constructed to be searching moral meaning of symbolic media. Third, moral teaching should be constructed to be interpreting moral meaning of symbolic media. When teacher can construct moral instruction as possible as similar to poetic symbolism, student can learn moral meaning combined with emotion through their response and interpretation to the teaching. It is very similar to good poem that is sympathized and accommodated poet's theme by reader.

• 지역과문화
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.183-208
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• 2020

Presenting symbolic concepts consistent with the culture of the host country and international trends at international events will win the favor of the world and raise the image of the host country. The international event mascot symbolically represents the host country's unique culture, and is a good means to enhance the sense of belonging and pride of its members and to display the image of the host country in an outwardly. This study discussed the symbolic elements of the host country characteristics reflected in FIFA's World Cup event mascot. A total of 14 mascots of World Cup events were held from 1966 to 2018, and their materials can be divided into animals, plants, people and creations. The mascot was applied with the characteristic elements of regional specialties, the flag of the host country, symbolic attire, language of the hosting area, social issues and the mascot's dress, posture, props and expression characters of soccer events were used as symbolic elements. First of all, the implications of the research were that mascots were more strongly expressing the "football" signifying element, the theme of events, rather than regional characteristics. Second, the use of 'national flag' was highlighted among the elements of expressing regional characteristics. Third, 'animal' was preferred for mascot material. Fourth, mascots have become integrated with 'cultural perfumes' and play an extended role in raising social awareness. Implications derived from the classification of characteristics and symbol representation elements raised in this study will be used as a basis for the planning of international event mascots.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2010.09a
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• pp.7-9
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• 2010

이에 본 논문에서는 이동 객체의 위치를 향상 명시적으로 결정할 수 있는 추적 가능 실내 기호 공간(Trackable Indoor Symbolic Space)을 정의하고, 이러한 공간을 정의하기 위한 규칙들을 제안한다 위치를 좌표로 나타내는 실외 공간의 응용 프로그램들과는 달리, 대부분의 실내공간의 응용 프로그램들은 위치를 방 번호와 같은 기호적 값으로 표현하는 기호참조체계를 이용한다 이에, 본 논문에서는 실내기호공간의 개념과 실내 기호공간에서의 이동객체의 위치 추정에 대해 소개하고, 추정 가능한 실내공간을 만들기 위한 규칙과 방법을 제안하고 있다.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.4 no.2 s.8
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• pp.86-101
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• 1995

This study examines the Symbolic notions of Haein Buddhist Monastery based on the context of Feng-shui. Through the study, it is verified that the geographical features surrounding the Haein Buddhist Monastery are imbued with the basic layout of the monastery and the constitutional elements of the Haein Buddhist Monastery are structured and formed with the architecture and landscape of the monastery. Thus, the study maintains that the siting and the arrangement of the Haein Buddhist Monastery reflect the context of Feng-shui.