• Title/Summary/Keyword: Symbol Information

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College Students' Conspicuous Consumption, Wearing Attitude and Purchasing Behavior of Jeans (대학생의 과시소비성향과 청바지 착용태도 및 구매행동)

  • Park, Eun-Hee;Ku, Yang-Suk
    • Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.65-76
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    • 2014
  • The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of conspicuous consumption on wearing attitude of jeans and analyze the difference of purchasing behavior in jeans by gender. Questionnaires were administered to 386 college students living in Deagu and Busan province. Frequency, factor analysis, reliability analysis, regression analysis, t-test, and $X^2$-test were used for data analysis. Conspicuous consumption were categorized into 5 factors such as famous brand preference, brand conspicuous, fashion pursuit, symbol of social position, and imported goods pursuit. Wearing attitude of jeans was categorized into fashion information leadership, fashion innovation, and pursuit of economic. The result of this study showed brand conspicuous, fashion pursuit, symbol of social position, and imported goods pursuit had significant effect of fashion information leadership and brand conspicuous, fashion pursuit, and imported goods pursuit had significant effect of fashion innovation. Brand conspicuous, and symbol of social position had significant effect of pursuit of economic. The indicates that men showed high brand conspicuous of conspicuous consumption and fashion innovation of wearing attitude of jeans. Gender of college students showed significant differences in purchasing place, purchasing price.

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4-level 3/4 Modulation Code for Holographic Data Storage (홀로그래픽 데이터 저장장치를 위한 4레벨 3/4 변조부호)

  • Jeong, Seongkwon;Lee, Jaejin
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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    • v.52 no.9
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    • pp.8-12
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    • 2015
  • A Holographic data storage has some advantage of fast transmission, short access time and high storage capacity. However, it has several problems such as inter-symbol interference, inter-page interference and misalignment. Especially, for multi-level holographic data storage system, since one pixel contains more than 1bit, the system is more vulnerable to the error. In this paper, we propose a 3/4 modulation code which mitigate inter-symbol interference for 4-level holographic data storage.

3GPP GERAN Evolution System Employing High Order Modulation and Turbo Coding: Symbol Mapping Based on Priority (터보코딩 및 고차변조를 적용하는 3GPP GERAN 진화 시스템: 비트 신뢰도 기반의 심볼 매핑)

  • Oh, Hyeong-Joo;Choi, Byoung-Jo;Hwang, Seung-Hoon;Choi, Jong-Soo
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.33 no.6A
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    • pp.607-613
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    • 2008
  • In this paper, we investigate the performance of SMP-assisted 3GPP GERAN evolution system employing high order modulation and turbo coding. When applying the SMP which maps systematic bits into highly reliable bit positions, it is confirmed that there is the performance gain for the modulation and coding schemes of 16QAM(DAS-8) as well as 32QAM(DAS-11) by link level simulation.

Transmitted Reference UWB Systems Based on Block-Coded Modulation (블럭부호변조 기반의 Transmitted Reference 광대역 통신 시스템)

  • Min, Seungwook
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.38A no.3
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    • pp.289-293
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    • 2013
  • In the noncoherent methods for UWB-IR (ultra-wideband impulse radio), block coded modulation (BCM) is better than the transmitted reference (TR) systems in terms of the energy efficiency and data rate. However, even BCM suffers from the performance degradation in the presence of strong inter-frame interference and inter symbol interference. We propose the transmitted reference based on the BCM (TR-BCM) which is the hybrid system of TR and BCM. Performance evaluation shows that the performance of TR-BCM is better than that of BCM in the high SNR range.

Performance Analysis of Symbol Mapping Diversity in Coded MIMO-OFDM Systems over Fading Channels (페이딩 채널에서 부호화된 MIMO-OFDM 시스템의 심볼맵핑 다이버시티 성능 분석)

  • Park, Won-Seok;Kang, Jin-Whan;Kim, Sang-Hyo
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.35 no.4A
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    • pp.386-393
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    • 2010
  • In this paper, we analyse HARQ scheme that utilizes symbol mapping diversity (SMD) techniques such as MDSM and CORE. The exploitation feasibility of MDSM and CORE is evaluated in the perspective of system complexity and storage capacity as we consider a BICM system based on 3GPP LTE standards and multipath fading channels. Also, a simple method which obtains SMD effects by circularly shifting bit-block in a codeword is proposed. The experimental results performed in BICM-OFDM systems with single antenna as well as multiple antennas show that frame error rate of the proposed method is close to that of CORE while having lower complexity.

4-level 6/9 Modulation Code for Holographic Data Storage (홀로그래픽 데이터 저장장치를 위한 4레벨 6/9 변조부호)

  • Kim, Byungsun;Park, Keunhwan;Lee, Jaejin
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.39A no.10
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    • pp.574-578
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    • 2014
  • A holographic data storage (HDS) has some advantages of high storage capacity, fast transmission, and short access time. However, there are two major concerns with the system which are two-dimensional (2D) inter-symbol interference (ISI) and inter-page interference (IPI). Thus, this paper proposes a 4-level 6/9 modulation code which mitigate inter-symbol interference (ISI).

A Low Complexity SLM-PRSC Hybrid Scheme for OFDM PAPR Reduction (OFDM 신호의 PAPR 감소를 위한 저복잡도의 SLM-PRSC 결합 기법)

  • Han, Seung-Woo;Yang, Suck-Chel;Shin, Yo-An
    • Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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    • 2006.06a
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    • pp.21-22
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    • 2006
  • In this paper, to improve OFDM PAPR reduction performance of the conventional SLM method, we propose an effective SLM-PRSC hybrid scheme based on the repeated utilization of identical PRSC sequences in time domain. In the proposed scheme, after performing the SLM for the frequency domain OFDM symbol excluding the pre-determined PRSC positions, the final SLM-PRSC hybrid sequence with the lowest PAPR, which is generated by adding the time domain PRSC sequence to the results of the SLM is selected as the transmitted OFDM symbol. In particular, since the identical PRSC sequences generated a priori are repeatedly used for every OFDM symbol, excessive IFFT calculations are avoided. Moreover, the selected PRSC symbols in the frequency domain may be utilized as an overhead information for the SLM. Simulation results reveal that the proposed SLM-PRSC hybrid scheme can remarkably improve the PAPR reduction performance of the conventional SLM, while avoiding excessive increase of IFFT and PAPR calculations and the overhead for the SLM.

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Two-Dimensional Pilot Symbol Assisted Channel Estimation for OFDM Systems over Frequency Selective Rayleigh Fading Channel (주파수 선택적 레일리 페이딩 채널에서 OFDM 시스템을 위한 2-D PSA에 의한 채널 추정)

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    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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    • 2001.10a
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    • pp.336-340
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    • 2001
  • In this paper we analyze the performance of 2-D PSAM for wireless OFDM systems. We apply the analysis of single-carrier PSAM to the 2-D time-frequency lattice of OFDM. To estimate channel fading, we use interpolation filter which minimizes the average power of error as compensation method and analyze the affects on the system performance of the pilot symbol pattern on the 2-D tine-frequency lattice. Finally according to the CP and the Doppler frequency, we analyze the performance of 2-D PSA-16QAM for OFDM systems over frequency selective Rayleigh fading channel model.

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Joint Carrier and Symbol Timing Recovery Using Repetitive Preamble (반복적인 프리엠블을 이용한 반송파 및 심볼 타이밍 동시 복원)

  • 오성근;황병대
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.25 no.8B
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    • pp.1436-1444
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    • 2000
  • In this paper, we propose the joint carrier and symbol timing recovery algorithm using repetitive preamble and differential detection for burst modem. The proposed algorithm can estimate the frequency offset and the symbol timing error regardless of the amount of frequency offset, with a high accuracy, even using very short preamble and at low SNR values. The algorithms for continuous phase frequency shift keying (CPFSK) and phase shift keying (PSK) types are developed. Through computer simulations, we compare the proposed algorithm with the existing algorithms on the estimation accuracy in terms of the preamble length, and analyze those bit error rate(BER) performance.

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Design of a High Speed QPSK/16-QAM Receiver Chip (고속 QPSK/16-QAM 수신기 칩 설계)

  • Park, Ki-Hyuk;Sunwoo, Myung-Hoon
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.28 no.4B
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    • pp.237-244
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    • 2003
  • This paper presents the design of a QPSK/16-QAM downstreams receiver chip. The proposed chip consists of a blind equalizer, a timing recovery block and a carrier recovery block. The blind equalizer uses a DFE sturucture using CMA(Constant Module Algorithm). The symbol timing recovery uses the modified parabolic interpolator. The decision-directed carrier recovery is used to remove the carrier frequency offset, phase offset and phase jitter. The implemented LMDS receiver can support four data rates, 10, 20, 30 and 40 Mbps and can accommodate the symbol rate up to 10 Mbaud. This symbol rate is faster than existing QAM receivers.