• 음성과학
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.185-192
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• 2002

This study classifies Korean syllables into various types and investigates the distribution of syllables by each type. Korean syllables are classified into four or eight types. In this study, they are classified into thirty-two types based on character combination in order to evaluate the intelligibility of Korean synthetic syllables. Among those Korean syllables derived from the possible combinations of Korean characters, only currently used syllables were selected. Based on this classification and distribution, representative and diagnosable testing materials can be made. These testing materials can be applicable to intelligibility tests of Korean synthetic syllables.

• 음성과학
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.121-135
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• 2007

The purpose of this paper is to examine how Korean speakers realize English stress and rhythm at the sentence level, and investigate what different acoustic characteristics of English sentence stress and rhythm Korean speakers have, compared with those of American English speakers. Stressed words in the sentence were analyzed in terms of duration, fundamental frequency, and intensity of the stressed vowel in the word with neutral stress and with emphatic stress, respectively. According to the results, when the words had emphatic stress, both Koreans' and Americans' F0 and intensity of the stressed vowel were higher than those with neutral stress. Korean speakers of English realized the sentence stress with shorter vowel duration and higher F0 than American English speakers when the words had emphatic stress. The analysis of the timing of the sentence with increased unstressed syllables showed that both Americans and Koreans produced the sentence with longer duration as the number of unstressed syllables increased. However, the duration of unstressed syllables between stressed syllables by Koreans was longer than that by Americans. Americans seemed to produce unstressed syllables between stressed syllables faster than Koreans for regular intervals of stressed syllables. This analysis implies that if there are more unstressed syllables between stressed syllables, Koreans might produce unstressed syllables and the whole sentence with longer duration.

• 전자공학회논문지B
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• 제28B권9호
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• pp.692-703
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• 1991

A Korean word is composed of syllables. A Korean syllable is regarded as a random variable according to its probabilistic property in occurrence. A Korean syllable is divided into 'choseong', 'jungseong', and 'jongseong' which are regarded as random variables. We can consider teh conditional probatility of syllable as an index which represents the occurrence correlation between syllables in Korean words. Since the number of syllables is enormous, we use the conditional probability of a' choseong', a 'jungseong', and a 'jongseong' between syllables as an index which represents the occurrence correlation between syllables in Korean words. The length distribution of Korean woeds is computed according to frequency and to kind. Form the cumulative frequency of a Korean syllable computed from multi-syllable Korean woeds, all probabilities and conditiona probabilities are computed for the three random variables. The conditional probabilities of 'choseong'- 'choseong', 'jungseong'- 'jungseong', 'jongseong'-'jongseong', 'jongseong'-'choseong' between adjacent syllables in multi-syllable Korean woeds are computed.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.44-50
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• 1998

The purpose of this paper is to analyzed of pronunciationi of botanical names of landscape plants. This study includes the plant that are possible to use as woody landscape material as well as both the native and foreign plants that are already used. Botanical name must be divided into syllables. Every latin word has as many syllables as it has separate vowels or diphthongs. The last syllables is never accentd. The next to the last syllables is called the penult, the third from the last syllables is called the antepenult. The pronuciationi of latinized commemorative names is here that the rules are most apt to be disregarded or ignored.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.491-499
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• 2014

본 연구는 중학교 7학년 국어교과서 4종에 나타나는 어휘들에 대한 통계(음절 개수, 음절 종류, 음절 출현 빈도, 어절 개수, 어절 종류, 어절 평균 길이, 어절 출현 빈도 등)를 조사하였다. 전체 한글 음절 개수는 286,801개, 한글 음절 종류는 1,350개, 음절 평균 출현빈도는 212.4회이다. 어절 개수는 109,393개, 어절 종류는 29,356개, 어절 평균 출현빈도는 3.7회이다. 평균 음절 길이는 2.7음절이며, 한글 어절 중 가장 긴 어절길이는 8이다.

• 인지과학
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.283-295
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• 2008

SMS나 메신저의 사용이 증가함에 따자 의도적으로 음절을 해체한 새로운 형태의 문장들이 젊은이들 사이에서 습관적으로 사용되고 있다. 이러한 상황에서 자연어 인터페이스 시스템을 개발하기 위해서는 해체된 한글 음절을 결합하여 올바른 문장을 만들어 주는 기술이 먼저 개발되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 해체된 음절을 2단계 규칙을 이용하여 결합해주는 방법을 제안한다. 1단계에서는 수동으로 자성한 휴리스틱을 이용하여 단순하게 초성, 중성, 종성으로만 해체된 음절을 결합한다. 그리고 2단계에서는 매핑 테이블과 변환기반 학습을 이용하여 복자음까지 해체된 음절을 결합한다. 실험 결과, 제안한 방법은 단순 해체 음절의 결합과 복자음 해체 음절의 결합에서 각각 100%와 99.98%라는 매우 높은 정확률을 보였다.

• 음성과학
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.89-105
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• 2006

This study examines the phonetic realizations of English word stress to identify the influence of experiment method on experiment results. Stimuli uttered by native and Korean ESL beginners in authentic conversations are extracted to be shuffled according to their positions in utterances and information structure. Results indicate that the acoustic characteristics of English word stress are realized depending on its position in utterances. The native speakers correlate the stressed syllables in shorter duration with higher pitch and stronger intensity at sentence-final positions unlike the previous experiments and the traditional definition that stressed syllables are uttered in longer duration with higher pitch and stronger intensity; at sentence-medial positions, the native speakers correlate the stressed syllables in longer duration with higher pitch and no regularity in intensity or in shorter duration with lower pitch and intensity depending on their conversational intention. Korean ESL beginners correlate the stressed syllables in shorter duration regardless of positions in sentences with no regularity in pitch and intensity. This study, thus, shows that a different experiment method may result in different results on the phonetic realizations of English word stress.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제24권9B호
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• pp.1767-1774
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• 1999

본 논문은 시간영역 상에서의 단음절 단위합성음을 사용한 다음절어 합성에 관한 연구이다. 특히, 파형 연접시 접속구간에서의 에너지 흐름의 형태를 제어하기 위한 연구이다. 이를 위하여 시간영역 상에서 추출한 운율요소 제어용 매개변수1)를 사용하여 제어하였으며, 음절간 파형 형태의 접속규칙을 도출하여 합성시킴으로써 에너지 흐름의 형태를 시간영역 상에서 제어시킨 결과를 제시하였다. 실험결과, 단음절 단위의 저장된 파형을 연접시킴으로서 발생되는 에너지 흐름의 불연속성을 제거할 수 있었으며, 또한 합성음의 음절 및 자연성이 향상되었다.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.131-138
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• 2015

The initial syllables of a pair of Sino-Korean words are generally differentiated in their meaning by either short or long durations. They are realized differently by the dialect and generation of speakers. Recent research has reported that the temporal distinction has gradually faded away. The aim of this study is to examine whether college students with Kyungsang dialect made the distinction temporally using a statistical method of Mixed Effects Model. Thirty students participated in the recording of five pairs of Korean words in clear or casual speaking styles. Then, the author measured the durations of the initial syllables of the words and made a descriptive analysis of the data followed by applying Mixed Effects Models to the data by setting gender, length, and style as fixed effects, and subject and syllable as random effects, and tested their effects on the initial syllable durations. Results showed that college students with Kyungsang dialect did not produce the long and short syllables distinctively with any statistically significant difference between them. Secondly, there was a significant difference in the duration of the initial syllables between male and female students. Thirdly, there was also a significant difference in the duration of the initial syllables produced in the clear or casual styles. The author concluded that college students with Kyungsang dialect do not produce long and short Sino-Korean syllables distinctively, and any statistical analysis on the temporal aspect should be carefully made considering both fixed and random effects. Further studies would be desirable to examine production and perception of the initial syllables by speakers with various dialect, generation, and age groups.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.515-524
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• 2012

본 연구는 초등학교 6학년 국어교과서 4종(6-1 읽기, 6-1 말하기 듣기 쓰기, 6-2 읽기, 6-2 말하기 듣기 쓰기)에 나타나는 어휘들에 대한 통계(전체 음절수, 음절종류, 음절 출현빈도, 어절 개수, 어절 종류, 어절 평균길이, 어절 출현빈도, 품사 등)를 조사하였다. 한글 음절수는 194,683개, 음절종류는 1,290개, 평균 음절 출현빈도는 150.9회이다. 어절 개수는 70,185개, 어절 종류는 22,647개, 어절 평균 출현빈도는 3.1회이다. 평균 음절 길이는 2.8음절이며, 가장 긴 어절은 10음절이다. 품사는 읽기 교과는 명사가 말하기 듣기 쓰기교과는 동사가 약간 많다.