• 제목/요약/키워드: Switching Modulation

검색결과 724건 처리시간 0.023초

New Generalized SVPWM Algorithm for Multilevel Inverters

  • Kumar, A. Suresh;Gowri, K. Sri;Kumar, M. Vijay
    • Journal of Power Electronics
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    • 제18권4호
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    • pp.1027-1036
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    • 2018
  • In this paper a new generalized space vector pulse width modulation scheme is proposed based on the principle of reverse mapping to drive the switches of multilevel inverters. This projected scheme is developed based on the middle vector of the subhexagon which holds the tip of the reference vector, which plays a major role in mapping the reference vector. A new approach is offered to produce middle vector of the subhexagon which holds tip of the reference vector in the multilevel space vector plane. By using middle vector of the subhexagon, reference vector is linked towards the inner two level sub-hexagon. Then switching vectors, switching sequence and dwell times corresponding to a particular sector of a two-level inverter are determined. After that, by using the two level stage findings, the switching vectors related to exact position of the reference vector are directly generated based on principle of the reverse mapping approach and do not need to be found at n level stage. In the reverse mapping principle, the middle vector of subhexagon is added to the formerly found two level switching vectors. The proposed generalized algorithm is efficient and it can be applied to an inverter of any level. In this paper, the proposed scheme is explained for a five-level inverter and the performance is analyzed for five level and three level inverters through MATLAB. The simulation results are validated by implementing the propose scheme on a V/f controlled three-level inverter fed induction motor using dSPACE control desk.

액티브 보조 공진 스너버를 이용한 ZVT-PWM AC-DC 컨버터의 실험적 고찰 (The Experimental Consideration of ZVT-PWM AC-DC Converter using Active Auxiliary Resonant Snubber)

  • 서기영;문상필;김주용;박진민
    • 조명전기설비학회논문지
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    • 제18권2호
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    • pp.75-82
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    • 2004
  • 본 논문에서 액티브 스너버 회로를 가진 영전압 변환 펄스 폭 변조(ZVT-PWM) 컨버터를 제안하였다. 제안된 컨버터는 경부하 상태에서도 동작하며, 영전압 스위칭과 영전류 스위칭 부근에서 온-오프 되며, 주 스위치와 주다이오드에 전압과 전류의 스트레스가 추가적으로 발생하지 않는다. 그리고 보조 스위치와 보조 다이오드의 전압과 전류 허용 레벨을 제시하였다. 제안된 750[W], 80[KHz] PWM 부스터 컨버터는 전 출력 전력에서 소프트 스위칭 컨버터를 적용하여 실행한 결과 주 스위치에서의 손실은 하드 스위칭과 비교해서 약 27[%], 전체 회로 손실은 약 36[%] 저감되었으며, 전체 효율은 기존의 컨버터보다 보다 6{%] 정도 향상됨을 확인하였다.

ZVS-FB PWM DC/DC 변환기의 동특성 해석 및 제어기 설계 (Dynamic Analysis and Control Loop Design of ZVS-FB PWM DC/DC Converter)

  • 이득기;윤길문;차영길;김흥근
    • 전력전자학회논문지
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    • 제3권3호
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    • pp.231-239
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    • 1998
  • 본 논문에서는 대용량에 적합한 영전압 스위칭 전브리지 PWM 직류/직류 변한기의 동특성 해석과 제어 루프의 설계에 대해 논하였다. 전압을 제어하기 위한 위상전이제어의 효과와 영전압 스위칭을 위한 변압기의 누설인덕턴스, FET의 적합 커패시턴스의 이용효과를 고려한 소신호 모델을 유도하였다. 이 소신호 모델은 PWM 벅 변환기의 등가모델에 시비율 변조에 대한 두 개의 종속 전원을 추가함으로써 모델링할 수 있다. 소신호 해석 결과를 근거로 하여 2-극점, 1-영점 보상회로를 사용한 전압제어기를 설계하였다. 설계된 제어기의 타당성을 검증하기 위해서 개루프 시스템과 폐루프 시스템의 소신호 해석결과를 비교하였으며, 2kW급 부하실험으로 설계한 전압제어기의 동특성이 우수함을 실험적으로 입증하였다.

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비접촉 전원장치에 적용한 LCC형 고주파 공진 DC/DC 컨버터에 관한 연구 (A Study on the LCC Type High Frequency DC/DC Converter for Contactless Power Supply System)

  • 김동희;황계호
    • 조명전기설비학회논문지
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    • 제21권6호
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    • pp.55-64
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    • 2007
  • 본 논문은 부하직렬 고주파 공진 DC/DC 컨버터에 가변 가능한 공진커패시터를 병렬로 삽입한 LCC형 고주파 공진 DC/DC 컨버터의 특성과 설계 예를 나타내고 있으며, 또한 턴-오프시 스위칭 손실을 줄이기 위해 ZVS를 가지는 소프트 스위칭을 사용하였다. 제안 컨버터는 PFM(Pulse Frequency Modulation) 스위칭 패턴을 사용하여 동작되며, PFM 제어에 의해 제안 회로의 출력전압을 제어하였다. 병렬커패시터의 커패시턴스의 변화에 따라, DC/DC 컨버터의 분석은 일반적으로 무차원화 파라미터를 사용하여 나타내었고, 회로 동작 특성은 스위칭 주파수와 파라미터로 행하였다. 또한 본 논문은 특성평가에 의해 제안 DC/DC 컨버터의 동작 특성과 회로 설계 방법을 제시하였다. 더욱이 본 논문은 실험을 통해 이론 분석의 정당성을 입증하였다. 향후 제안한 DC/DC 컨버터는 반도체 및 FPD의 클린룸에 선형이동 시스템의 비접촉 전원장치에 적용 가능하다고 생각된다.

Cell-cell contacts via N-cadherin induce a regulatory renin secretory phenotype in As4.1 cells

  • Chang, Jai Won;Kim, Soohyun;Lee, Eun Young;Leem, Chae Hun;Kim, Suhn Hee;Park, Chun Sik
    • The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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    • 제26권6호
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    • pp.479-499
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    • 2022
  • The lack of a clonal renin-secreting cell line has greatly hindered the investigation of the regulatory mechanisms of renin secretion at the cellular, biochemical, and molecular levels. In the present study, we investigated whether it was possible to induce phenotypic switching of the renin-expressing clonal cell line As4.1 from constitutive inactive renin secretion to regulated active renin secretion. When grown to postconfluence for at least two days in media containing fetal bovine serum or insulin-like growth factor-1, the formation of cell-cell contacts via N-cadherin triggered downstream cellular signaling cascades and activated smooth muscle-specific genes, culminating in phenotypic switching to a regulated active renin secretion phenotype, including responding to the key stimuli of active renin secretion. With the use of phenotype-switched As4.1 cells, we provide the first evidence that active renin secretion via exocytosis is regulated by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation of the 20 kDa myosin light chain. The molecular mechanism of phenotypic switching in As4.1 cells described here could serve as a working model for full phenotypic modulation of other secretory cell lines with incomplete phenotypes.

손 근접성이 단서양상에 따라 과제전환 수행에 미치는 효과 (Hand Proximity Effect on Task Switching Performance Through Cue Modality)

  • 최정윤;한광희
    • 감성과학
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    • 제21권2호
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    • pp.73-88
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    • 2018
  • 본 연구는 손과 가까운 시각 정보의 처리적 특성이 과제전환에 미치는 영향을 살펴보기 위해 수행되었다. 최근 연구들은 손과 가깝게 제시된 정보에 대한 인지통제가 향상됨을 보고하고 있다. 이러한 인지통제 향상효과를 손 근접성과 주의의 관계를 통해 규명하고자 두 번의 실험을 실시하였다. 그 결과 과제전환 수행에서 단서와 목표자극의 감각양상에 따라 손 근접성의 효과가 달라짐을 관찰할 수 있었다. 첫 번째 실험에서 손에 근접한 자극에 대한 전환비용의 감소가 관찰되었다. 선행 연구들에서 전환비용의 감소원인으로 지목되었던 특징결합 문제를 제외시켰을 경우에도 동일한 결과가 관찰되었다. 즉, 손 근접성이 전환비용을 감소시켰음을 검증할 수 있었다. 두 번째 실험에서는 손 근접성과 감각양상의 상호작용이 전환비용에 미치는 영향을 살펴보기 위해 수행되었다. 과제전환에서 목표자극은 시각으로 단서는 시각 또는 청각으로 제시하였고, 단서의 준비성 효과를 관찰하기 위해 단서-목표자극 간격을 조변하였다. 연구 결과 손에 근접한 시각 단서는 과제 준비 시간을 단축시켜 전환비용을 감소시켰으나, 청각 단서의 경우 손에 근접할 때 오히려 과제 준비 시간이 더 오래 걸렸다. 시각 단서의 결과는 손에 근접한 시각 정보에 대한 신속한 주의정향으로 인한 이득으로 설명될 수 있다. 반면에 청각 단서에서 나타난 손실은 청각 단서와 시각 자극 간의 감각 간 전환이 손 근접성의 주의 범위 고정 효과로 인해 방해된 결과로 해석될 수 있다. 마지막으로 손 근접성의 주의효과로 인해 달라지는 전환비용에 대해 논의하였다.

Analysis of the Phase Current Measurement Boundary of Three Shunt Sensing PWM Inverters and an Expansion Method

  • Cho, Byung-Geuk;Ha, Jung-Ik;Sul, Seung-Ki
    • Journal of Power Electronics
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    • 제13권2호
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    • pp.232-242
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    • 2013
  • To obtain phase currents information in AC drives, shunt sensing technology is known to show great performance in cost-effectiveness and therefore it is widely used in low cost applications. However, shunt sensing methods are unable to acquire phase currents in certain operation conditions. This paper deals with the derivation of the boundary conditions for phase current reconstruction in three-shunt sensing inverters and proposes a voltage injection method to expand the measurable areas. As the boundary conditions are deeply dependent on the switching patterns, they are typically analyzed on the voltage vector plane for space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) and discontinuous pulse width modulation (DPWM). In the proposed method, the voltage injection and its compensation are conducted within one sampling period. This guarantees fast current reconstruction and the injected voltage is decided so as to minimize the current ripple. In addition to the voltage injection method, a sampling point shifting method is also introduced to improve the boundary conditions. Simulation and experimental results are presented to verify the boundary condition derivation and the effectiveness of the proposed voltage injection method.

Development, Implementation and Experimentation on a dSPACE DS1104 of a Direct Voltage Control Scheme

  • Hmidet, Ali;Dhifaoui, Rachid;Hasnaoui, Othman
    • Journal of Power Electronics
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    • 제10권5호
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    • pp.468-476
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    • 2010
  • This paper proposes and develops a new direct voltage control (DVC) approach. This method is designed to be applied in various applications for AC drives fed with a three-phase voltage source inverter (VSI) working with a constant switching time interval as in the standard direct torque control (DTC) scheme. Based on a very strong min(max) criterion dedicated to selecting the inverter voltage vector, the developed DVC scheme allows the generation of accurate voltage forms of waves. The DVC algorithm is implemented on a dSPACE DS1104 controller board and then compared with the space vector pulse width modulation technique (SVPWM) in an open loop AC drive circuit. To demonstrate the efficiency of the developed algorithm in real time and in closed loop AC drive applications, a scalar control scheme for induction motors is successfully implemented and experimentally studied. Practical results prove the excellent performance of the proposed control approach.

Reduction of Common Mode Voltage in Asymmetrical Dual Inverter Configuration Using Discontinuous Modulating Signal Based PWM Technique

  • Reddy, M. Harsha Vardhan;Reddy, T. Bramhananda;Reddy, B. Ravindranath;Suryakalavathi, M.
    • Journal of Power Electronics
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    • 제15권6호
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    • pp.1524-1532
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    • 2015
  • Conventional space vector pulse width modulation based asymmetrical dual inverter configuration produces high common mode voltage (CMV) variations. This CMV causes the flow of common mode current, which adversely affects the motor bearings and electromagnetic interference of nearby electronic systems. In this study, a simple and generalized carrier based pulse width modulation (PWM) technique is proposed for dual inverter configuration. This simple approach generates various continuous and discontinuous modulating signals based PWM algorithms. With the application of the discontinuous modulating signal based PWM algorithm to the asymmetrical dual inverter configuration, the CMV can be reduced with a slightly improved quality of output voltage. The performance of the continuous and discontinuous modulating signals based PWM algorithms is explored through both theoretical and experimental studies. Results show that the discontinuous modulating signal based PWM algorithm efficiently reduces the CMV and switching losses.

A Medium-Voltage Matrix Converter Topology for Wind Power Conversion with Medium Frequency Transformers

  • Gu, Chunyang;Krishnamoorthy, Harish S.;Enjeti, Prasad N.;Zheng, Zedong;Li, Yongdong
    • Journal of Power Electronics
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    • 제14권6호
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    • pp.1166-1177
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    • 2014
  • A new type of topology with medium-frequency-transformer (MFT) isolation for medium voltage wind power generation systems is proposed in this paper. This type of converter is a high density power conversion system, with high performance features suitable for next generation wind power systems in either on-shore or off-shore applications. The proposed topology employs single-phase cascaded multi-level AC-AC converters on the grid side and three phase matrix converters on the generator side, which are interfaced by medium frequency transformers. This avoids DC-Link electrolytic capacitors and/or resonant L-C components in the power flow path thereby improving the power density and system reliability. Several configurations are given to fit different applications. The modulation and control strategy has been detailed. As two important part of the whole system, a novel single phase AC-AC converter topology with its reliable six-step switching technique and a novel symmetrical 11-segment modulation strategy for two stage matrix converter (TSMC) is proposed at the special situation of medium frequency chopping. The validity of the proposed concept has been verified by simulation results and experiment waveforms from a scaled down laboratory prototype.