• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.437-443
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• 2013

The diversity of culturable non-actinobacterial (NA) bacteria associated with four species of South China Sea gorgonians was investigated using culture-dependent methods followed by analysis of the bacterial 16S rDNA sequence. A total of 76 bacterial isolates were recovered and identified, which belonged to 21 species of 7 genera, and Bacillus was the most diverse genus. Fifty-one percent of the 76 isolates displayed antibacterial activities, and most of them belonged to the Bacillus genus. From the culture broth of gorgonian-associated Bacillus methylotrophicus SCSGAB0092 isolated from gorgonian Melitodes squamata, 11 antimicrobial lipopeptides including seven surfactins and four iturins were obtained. These results imply that Bacillus strains associated with gorgonians play roles in coral defense mechanisms through producing antimicrobial substances. This study, for the first time, compares the diversity of culturable NA bacterial communities among four species of South China Sea gorgonians and investigates the secondary metabolites of gorgonian-associated B. methylotrophicus SCSGAB0092.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.911-921
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• 2021

Indonesian oil palm plantation industry has chance to increase a sustainable competitive advantage. The creation of a sustainable competitive advantage is determined by the ability of the palm oil industry to utilize limited resources and capabilities. The purpose of this study was to analyze the determinants of the creation of sustainable competitive advantage (SCA) in the palm oil industry in Riau, Indonesia. The model framework uses organizational-level SCA dimensions. Four dimensions are used to measure SCA in the palm oil industry in Riau, namely value, scarce resource, inability to replicate, irreplaceable. Questionnaires were distributed to oil palm industry players in Riau with 81 respondents. The analysis technique uses Structural Equation Model with Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). The results showed that the SCA in the palm oil industry in Riau was at a moderate level. Although the competitive advantage of being sustainable in the palm oil industry in Riau is in the medium category, test results on SCA dimensions found that each latent variable forms a significant SCA framework with a reflective constructive relationship model. The three dominant and recommended dimensions that shape the construction of SCA in the palm oil industry are value, scarce resource, and irreplaceable.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.323-326
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• 2017

Sustainability is becoming more and more important in our everyday lives. Thus, it is apparent that more sustainable initiatives are incorporated in a building design concept to reduce operation costs and environmental impacts. However, will the construction cost go up if the building is going green - especially if it is a tall building? This is the question on everyone's mind. In the following paragraphs, we will look into a case study of a skyscraper in Nanning, China. That 411-metre skyscraper, Nanning China Resources Centre East Office Tower, is currently under construction. Designed to LEED-CS Gold standards, the building has adopted a number of sustainable design elements and operation practice, which indeed only accounts for a small percentage of the total construction cost.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.307-320
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• 2023

Tall buildings are built with an abundant amount of materials, including structural materials, coming from our limited natural resources. Tall buildings that began from about 10-story tall office towers have evolved to over 150-story tall mixed-use megastructures. As a building becomes taller, structural material requirement to resist lateral wind loads becomes exponentially larger. Therefore, it is crucial to employ efficient structural systems and optimize their design, which will contribute to sustainable vertical built environments through preservation of resources. Tube type structures with large perimeter diagonals are among the most efficient structural systems for tall buildings. Developments of braced tube, braced megatube, diagrid structures, and their optimal design strategies are reviewed. Superframed conjoined towers, produced by interconnecting multiple clustered braced tubes, are presented as a new design direction to achieve not only structural but also architectural and social sustainable design goals.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.16 no.1 s.75
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• pp.11-14
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• 2007

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.416-429
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• 2010

The market-based fisheries resources management system was reviewed and the improvement scheme was studied for seeking the sustainability of marine ecosystems and their fisheries resources. A demand-side policy is currently emerging to the management of fisheries resources by reducing over-exploitation, based on the consumer's selection. The role of consumers in the sustainable fishery was studied by comparing the social responsibility and consumer's activity between Korea and foreign countries and international NGO groups, based on the FAO guideline. The adoption of the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC)'s eco-labelling certificate was suggested by expanding the existing environment-friendly certification system in Korea. This new system will contribute to the protection of young immature fish and spawners in coastal and offshore fisheries as well as to the international trade of seafood in terms of fish products from well-managed fisheries. It is noted that the consumer's activities in the markets as regulators will contribute to the ecosystem health and sustainability.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.47-56
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to arrange the design elements and methods for sustainable community. After made the concept of sustainable community clear in the contemporary architecture and urban design, this study examines rural ecovillage, urban demonstration project, co-housing, new urbanism and urban village, and ecological township as the application modes of sustainable community. Through the cases of the application mode, the design elements for sustainable community were summarized as the followings: the symbiosis system with the nature, permaculture and edible landscape, identity, the technology for saving of resources and energy, the traffic system for the reduction of private motor use, mixed use development, and the housing with diversity. And the design methods for sustainable community were summarized as the followings: strategic planning, visioning, community action planning, workshops and charrette, environmental evaluation, and participation techniques.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.272-289
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the educational philosophy, goal, method, content, and environment of ecologically-oriented alternative elementary schools and suggest several practical methods for alternative education. Both ecologism and alternative education pursue sustainable values. The educational content of ecologically-oriented alternative elementary schools, analyzed from the view of sustainable development, focuses most on the natural resources, biodiversity, and sustainable food production, and also include human rights, peace and security, unification, cultural diversity, and health food in terms of the social sustainability and sustainable production and consumption concerning economic sustainability. This study should help environmental education become establish its possibility and position as alternative education and be recognized of its educational value. Furthermore, based on the cases of ecologically-oriented alternative elementary schools that are becoming 'garden of environmental education' as sustainable development education, it should lead to 'education communicating with environmental education at schools'.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.108-118
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• 2021

This paper aims to presents the overview of research in the sustainable smart cities development domain. It investigates the key challenges of the sustainable smart cities development that faced by the developers from different countries. The qualitative research method via the interview is conducted to collect the data. 10 experts on the sustainable smart cities development project were interviewed in this study. The results indicate that there are 12 sustainable smart cities development challenges named: (1) budgetary constraint; (2) lack of resources; (3) lack of institutional capacity to deliver technology; (4) lack of systems integration; (5) social acceptability; (6) lack of awareness level in the smart city development among residents; (7) the need to drive towards content development; (8) lack of strategically approach in the smart city transformation; (9) disagreement on standardizing the smart city model; (10) lack of overarching institution to create the governance structure; (11) lack of sustainable focused strategies; and (12) lack of the smart city operational framework. Furthermore, the solutions framework for these challenges was proposed as the guidelines to overcome or minimize them.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.1551-1558
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• 2014

The esterase gene Est8 from the thermophilic bacterium Bacillus sp. K91 was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The monomeric enzyme exhibited a theoretical molecular mass of 24.5 kDa and an optimal activity around $50^{\circ}C$ at pH 9.0. A model of Est8 was constructed using a hypothetical YxiM precursor structure (2O14_A) from Bacillus subtilis as template. The structure showed an ${\alpha}/{\beta}$-hydrolase fold and indicated the presence of a typical catalytic triad consisting of Ser-11, Asp-182, and His-185, which were investigated by site-directed replacements coupled with kinetic characterization. Asp-182 and His-185 residues were more critical than the Ser-11 residue in the catalytic activity of Est8. A comparison of the amino acid sequence showed that Est8 could be grouped into the GDSL family and further classified as an SGNH hydrolase. Est8 is a new member of the SGNH hydrolase subfamily and may employ a different catalytic mechanism.