• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.273-282
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to nut a survey on the seasonal menu and consumer's acceptance test of free meals for the elderly facility in Sungnam Region. The elderly meals of the free lunch meal service were mainly composed of staple food, hot soup, and three kinds of side dishes. Questionare for accentance test was developed based on the seasonal menu including 13 kinds of cooked rices, 43 kinds of soups and 94 kinds of side dishes. The test was run for 104 elderly living and receving the service in the area. Average age of the subjects was 75.9 and 43% was male 57% was female. The 81% and 88% of the subject answered 'yes' on the intake of breakfast and dinner respectively representing high percentages of regular meal habits of the elderly. The cooked rice with black beans had significantly the highest acceptance score among the rice group and soups prepared with chunggukjang and cabbage had higher accentance scores(P<0.05). In the side dish groups, broiled eed, croakers, and various kinds of namuls had relatively higher scores than the others with significant difference at P<0.05.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.644-652
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship among life style, body composition and Bone Mineral Density (BMD) in community dwelling Korean adults. Methods: Data were collected from 140 adults who participated in a health check-up program at community health departments in D city, Choong-chung providence. Subjects' life style was assessed with a structured interview survey. Body composition analyses were performed by the bioimpedence method and BMD was measured by peripheral dual energy X-ray absorptionmetry. Results: Among the subjects, 39.3% showed normal BMD values, 50.7% were osteopenic and 10% were assessed as osteoporotic. BMD was significantly different by gender, age, education, economic status and BMI. Subjects who had three or more meals/day had higher BMD then who had less than three meals (t=-2.273, p=.026). BMD was not influenced by regular exercise, alcohol consumption, or smoking. In terms of body composition, there was a significant relationship between fat free mass and BMD (r=.172, p=.043). Conclusion: Implementing an osteoporosis prevention program would be warrented considering the significant proportion of osteopenic or osteoporotic subjects. Regular eating habit with three meals for adequate nutrition need to be emphasized to prevent further bone loss in this population. Among the body composition, fat free mass seem to be the mostly predicting factor for BMD.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제45권12호
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• pp.1830-1837
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• 2016

본 연구는 무상급식의 교육적 의미와 급식품질 면에서의 개선점을 파악하고자 부산지역 초등학생 10개교 4, 5, 6학년 학생 600명을 대상으로 무상급식에 대한 인식 및 급식품질 만족도 조사를 시행하였고 조사기간은 2014년 12월 2일~12월 24일이었다. 연구 결과 무상급식 전체 인식 점수는 4.47/5.00점이었고 '영양(교)사와 조리원분에게 감사한 마음'(4.68점), '부모님의 급식비 부담 감소'(4.67점), '친환경 식재료 사용'(4.64점), '급식의 질 향상'(4.51점) 순으로 높게 나타났다. 6학년이 4학년보다 전체 인식 점수가 유의적(P<0.01)으로 높았고, '친환경 식재료 사용'(P<0.05), '영양과 건강에 관한 관심 증가'(P<0.05), '우리나라 경제발전에 기여'(P<0.001)에서도 높은 점수를 보였다. 무상급식 실시 연차 2년차가 4년차보다 전체 인식 점수가 유의적(P<0.01)으로 높았으며, '영양과 건강에 관한 관심 증가'(P<0.05), '가정경제에 도움'(P<0.05)에서도 높은 점수를 보였다. 급식품질 만족도에서 전체 평균점수는 4.55/5.00점이며, 음식영역 4.47점, 메뉴영역 4.62점, 위생영역 4.62점, 서비스영역 4.53점, 환경영역 4.48점이었다. 낮은 점수를 보인 항목은 음식영역에서 '밥의 양', '부반찬(나물, 생채) 양', '김치의 양', 메뉴영역에서 '김치 종류', '선호식단 제공빈도', 위생영역에서 '식판의 청결', 서비스영역에서는 '배식 시 대기시간', 환경영역에서는 '식당 분위기'였다. 6학년이 4학년보다 음식영역(P<0.01), 메뉴영역(P<0.05), 위생영역(P<0.05)에 서 급식품질 만족도가 유의적으로 높았으며, 환경영역은 5, 6학년이 4학년보다 유의적(P<0.001)으로 높은 점수를 보였다. 무상급식 실시 연차 2년차가 4년차보다 급식품질 전체 만족도(P<0.01), 음식영역(P<0.01), 메뉴영역(P<0.05), 위생영역(P<0.05), 환경영역(P<0.001)에서 유의적으로 높은 점수를 보였다. 무상급식에 대한 인식과 급식품질 만족도 간에는 유의한 양의 상관관계(r=0.781, P<0.01)를 보였고, 다른 모든 영역에서도 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 이상의 결과를 살펴볼 때 급식품질 만족도가 낮은 급식 항목에 대한 개선을 통해 학생들의 급식품질에 대한 만족도를 높여야 할 뿐만 아니라 학생들에게 교육의 일환으로 무상급식의 의미를 고취해 국가 복지 정책에 대한 긍정적인 사고를 갖게 함으로써 학생들의 정신적 육체적 건강을 유지할 수 있어야 하겠다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제13권12호
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• pp.65-71
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• 2015

Purpose - Domestic cooperatives tend to increase during the establishment of cooperatives and gradually through the basic law of social needs. However, only cooperatives' qualitative grow this secured without blessings, and their quantitative growth through government support is questionable. The purpose of this study is to analyze the agricultural cooperatives established through the Distribution System Cooperatives Basic Law, which was enacted in January 2012. Subsequently, establishing agricultural cooperatives was done briskly. However, cooperatives established rapidly after the founding of the Basic Law encountered problems. Research design, data, and methodology - To assess the performance of selected agricultural cooperatives, data were analyzed using the methodological Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach. The AHP is a set of systematic procedures to hierarchically analyze the elements of any problem. Using a survey on expertise, a series of comparative determinations of each pair is performed to evaluate the relative strengths and the strengths of the impact between elements within the hierarchy. A survey was conducted on 10 small agricultural cooperatives using AHP analysis for the examination. The purpose of such research and analysis is to recommend a direction for future policies aimed at small agricultural cooperatives. Result - This study applied three types of policy evaluation criterion, including market expansions, organizations, and cooperative projects, and 12 types of small agricultural cooperative policy measures. Market expansion policies for agricultural cooperatives are classified into four categories: school meals, direct transactions, shopping malls, and wholesale markets. Organizational policies for agricultural cooperatives are classified into four types: existing sales channel management, education, preventing free riding, and enlarging members. Cooperative project policies in agricultural cooperatives are classified into four policy areas: cooperation between cooperatives, community contribution, joint businesses, and government links. In this paper, the growth priority in agricultural cooperative policies is analyzed by applying policy evaluation criteria on the basis of a survey on expertise. The priorities of the policy program are also analyzed using a decision analytic hierarchy process. The results indicate that market expansion is the most important policy evaluation criterion therefore, improving direct transactions, school meals, management of existing sales channels, and shopping malls are crucial policy measures. In contrast, the cooperation of cooperatives, expansion of union members, and cooperation with the government were found to have low priority. Conclusions - Agricultural cooperatives should develop plans as follows. Small agricultural cooperatives need to secure school meals and direct transactions for market expansion, restructure marketing strategies to manage existing sales channels, and, finally, increase education and training for sustainable organizational development. This study has the following limitations. Because the subject of the investigation is a new cooperative, determining its sustainable growth is difficult. Therefore, through analysis and a continuous study of cooperatives, future research is expected to show that modifying the direction of agriculture cooperatives is necessary.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.146-154
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• 2002

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of household type on the health- and food-related behavior of the elderly. The survey was conducted on 304 free-living elderly persons in Chun-Chon city in 1999. The subjects were divided into three groups by their household types : living alone (n=35), living with their spouses (n=59), and living with their extended family (n=191). The results were obtained by personal interviews using questionnaires. Compared to the group living with their spouses and/or extended families, the elderly living alone were : less satisfied with the amount of monthly pocket money available; less involved in social activities; taking less vitamin supplements; doing less physical exercise; more frequently skipping meals and dining out; less frequently consuming meats, vegetables, fruits and seaweed; and having the highest rate of depression. The elderly living with their spouses tended to have the best physical functions and the greatest ability to carry out basic daily activities. The elderly living with their extended families had a higher incidence of diseases compared to the other groups. The preferred snacks were cookies for the elderly living alone, and fruits for the other two groups. In summary, it has been shown that household type should be taken into consideration for formulating adequate future strategies for effective health and nutrition programs.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.84-103
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• 2012

Objectives : The middle school students'life style were studied with focus on Body Mass Index(BMI). Information was collected during 1st June 2009 to 10th July from 397 students(both male and female) by the subjective survey centered on personal characteristic, understanding about health in general, everyday activities, eating habits, preference in food, understanding about diet and obesity, and thoughts about fitness and diet. Methods : Students were selected from six classes by convenience sampling, then the final analysis was performed on 397 self-administered questionnaires, excepting 5 questionnaires, which have insincere answers. The data collection was carried out by SPSS(V.14.0 English Version), and the data was verified by $x^2$-test, ANOVA, multiple regression analysis. Results and Conclusion : The survey subjects were in the following distribution of body weights - underweight: 63.6%, normal weight: 29.5% and 6.9% were overweight. There was significantly different between BMI and mothers' occupation and satisfaction with school life(p<0.05). As for the analysis(multiple regression analysis) on understanding about health, the factors that affect BMI are self recognition of figure and efforts to reduce weight. In terms of efforts for one's own health, 78.2% of under weight and 82.3% of normal weight were taking active initiatives. But 85.2% of the overweight students were not giving any efforts. As for the free time activities, more than half answered, 'playing with computers'(48.4 - 66.7%, 1.57 hours on average). As for TV, on average, 2.03 hours were spent in overall. And it turned out that the overweight students spent more time watching TV by 46.49 minutes(0.77 hours) on average(p<0.05). 7.4 hours was the average sleeping time. As for the eating habit,'quantity of meal, snack, meal between meals, fat reduction, and supplementary food'were shown to be related to the BMI(p<0.05). The instant food, meat and sweet food were shown to be also related to the BMI. In terms of knowledge about overweight and diet, only 8 students(2% of the total) answered all 10 questions correct. On average, 7-8 questions were correctly answered(53.9 %). When the scores were analyzed against the BMI by classifying the scores to high, middle and low categories, it showed a relationship by different weight group(p<0.02), and the overweight students had higher score by 0.82 compared to the underweight students. When thoughts and attitude on fitness and diet were analyzed in relationship to the BMI, the result was only - "I try to eat fruits more often"(fruits)(p<0.00).

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.151-161
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• 2014

본 연구는 전남지역 학교 급식에서의 식품알레르기에 대한 관리 실태를 알아보기 위하여 전남에 근무하는 초등학교와 중학교 영양(교)사 236명을 대상으로 식품알레르기 업무에 관한 인식과 수행도 및 지식수준을 조사하였고 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 식품알레르기 업무 우선순위에 대한 인식은 초등학교와 중학교 영양(교)사 모두 식품알레르기 유병 학생 파악, 제거식 대체식 제공, 식품알레르기 표시 식단표 게시 및 발송, 교직원 및 조리종사원 교육과 학생 학부모 교육 순이었다. 전남지역 영양(교)사의 89.3%가 식품알레르기 관련 영양교육 및 상담 자료가 충분치 않다고 인식하고 있었고, 교육 및 상담 자료는 스스로 인터넷 검색을 통하여 활용하는 경우가 전체 평균 55%로 가장 많았다. 또한 식품알레르기 학생 관리에 대한 영양(교)사의 역할에 대해서는 전체 대상자의 94.0%가 중요하다고 인식하였다. 자신의 식품알레르기 지식 및 이해수준은 초등학교 영양(교)사 37.1%, 중학교 영양(교)사 42.4%가 40~60% 정도라고 인식하고 있었다. 식품알레르기에 관한 업무 수행도는 식품알레르기 표시 식단표 게시 및 발송(63.6%), 식품알레르기 유병 학생파악(43.2%), 대체식 및 제거식 제공(23.7%), 식품알레르기 교육 및 상담실시(19.9%) 순이었으며, 이들 식품알레르기 관련 업무 우선순위와 수행도 사이에는 차이가 있었다. 한편 식품알레르기 유병 학생 파악 업무(P<0.001), 식품알레르기 유발식품 표시 식단표의 게시 및 발송 업무(P<0.05) 수행도는 초등학교가 중학교 영양(교사)보다 유의하게 높았다. 식품알레르기에 대한 문항에 대한 정답률은 초등학교 영양(교)사 71.5%였고, 중학교 영양(교)사 65.8%로 초등학교 영양(교)사가 유의하게 높았다(P<0.01). 식품알레르기 관련 교육 및 연수 이수율은 전체 조사대상자의 16.9%로 매우 낮았으며, 식품알레르기 교육 수강여부는 식품알레르기에 대한 지식 문항 정답률에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 본 연구 결과 전남지역 초등학교와 중학교 영양(교)사의 식품 알레르기에 대한 업무 우선순위, 영양(교)사의 역할 중요도, 연수 요구도 등에 대한 인식은 높은데 비하여, 업무 과다, 교육 자료 및 연수 기회 부족 등으로 식품알레르기에 관한 업무 수행도는 부분적으로 미흡하였고 지식수준은 분야에 따라 미흡한 상태였다. 따라서 본 연구 결과들은 학교 급식에서 식품알레르기 관련 업무에 대한 수행도를 높이기 위해서는 영양교사의 인식수준에 부합하는 체계적인 양질의 교육과 연수 기회 제공, 학생 스스로의 식품알레르기 관리와 예방을 위한 영양교육 시수 확보 및 단위학교에 적합한 식품 알레르기 관리 매뉴얼의 제작 보급이 우선적으로 필요함을 시사한다.