• 한국진공학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.143-146
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 결맞는 x-선을 이용하여 표면의 거동 현상을 관찰할 수 있는 새로운 실험 방법인 x-선 상관 분광법(x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy)을 소개하고 이를 이용하여 측정한 고분자 박막에서의 거동 현상에 대한 결과를 보고하고자 한다. 이 방법은 파장이 짧은 x-선 영역에 동역학 광산란(dynamic light scattering) 원리를 적용하여 나노 스케일의 동역학 현상을 관찰할 수 있다. 또한 x-선 산란을 이용하므로 동역학 현상과 동시에 구조 특성을 측정할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 글래스 전이보다 높은 온도에서, 기판에 코팅된 고분자 박막의 표면 거동현상을 온도와 파수의 함수로 측정하였다. 박막의 두께가 두꺼울 때에는 점성이 높은 액체에서와 계산된 이론에서와 같은 표면 거동 현상이 관찰되었고, 얇은 박막에서는 갇힘 현상에 의한 효과를 관찰하였다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.217-223
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• 2012

Purpose: Several parameters have been described for determining the success or failure of dental implants. The surface properties of transgingival implant components have had a great impact on the long-term success of dental implants. The purpose of this study was to compare the tendency of two periodontal pathogens to adhere to and colonize zirconia abutments and titanium alloys both in hard surfaces and soft tissues. Methods: Twelve patients participated in this study. Three months after implant placement, the abutments were connected. Five weeks following the abutment connections, the abutments were removed, probing depth measurements were recorded, and gingival biopsies were performed. The abutments and gingival biopsies taken from the buccal gingiva were analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction to compare the DNA copy numbers of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and total bacteria. The surface free energy of the abutments was calculated using the sessile water drop method before replacement. Data analyses used the Mann Whitney U-test, and P-values below 0.05 find statistical significance. Results: The present study showed no statistically significant differences between the DNA copy numbers of A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, and total bacteria for both the titanium and zirconia abutments and the biopsies taken from their buccal gingiva. The differences between the free surface energy of the abutments had no influence on the microbiological findings. Conclusions: Zirconia surfaces have comparable properties to titanium alloy surfaces and may be suitable and safe materials for the long-term success of dental implants.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.37-45
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• 1987

Speckle photography is a very useful method for measuring in-plane surface displacement. In its basic form, the object to be studied is illuminated with a divergent laser beam, and a double exposure photograph of the object is recorded, on a fine-grain film or plate, before and after the object is deformed, The magnitude and the direction of the displacement can then be obtained by measuring the spacing and the direction of the Young's fringe, which is produced by probing the developed negative with an unexpaned laser beam, and consists of a pattern of parallel equi-spaced dark bands. In this paper, a hybrid optical and electronic image processing is described-Young's fringe on the viewing screen is observed by a TV-camera and the 2-D video signal is converted from analog to digital and transfered to the computer where the spacing and direction of the fringes are calculated. Several examples of application show that the displacement magnitude and direction can be determined with an accuracy of $0.1{\mu}m\;and\;0.1^{\circ}$ respectively.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.651-661
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• 2000

A mucogingival grafting procedure has been developed to cover denuded root surface. The subepithelial connective tissue graft technique is very predictable and allows for a good esthetic results and minimum patient discomfort on the palate. However, in areas where there is a lack of vestibular depth and keratinized attached tissue, the presence of frena or heavy muscle attachment, covering the connective tissue graft with a mucosal flap is very difficult. The purpose of this study is to evaluate an alternative technique of root coverage using the free connective tissue graft. The results were as follows: 1. Probing depths didn't seem to vary significantly from the preoperative to postoperative period. 2. The amount of keratinized tissue showed an increase of $5.9{\pm}0.97mm$ from the preoperative level. 3. Total clinical exposed root coverage increase 72.2% compare with preoperative level. 4. The shrinkage from gingival margin is $4.2{\pm}1.15mm$ and the mean shrinkage rate is 40.1%. 5. The depth of the vestibule increased with the average distance from cementoenamel junction to mucogingival junction being $7.4{\pm}1.65mm$.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.188-196
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• 2003

Liquid-assisted cleaning technology utilizing a nanosecond laser pulse is effective for removing submicron particulates from a variety of solid substrates. In the technique, saturated vapor is condensed on a solid surface to form a thin liquid film and the film is evaporated explosively by laser heating. The present work studies the role of liquid-film evaporation in the cleaning process. First, optical interferometry is employed for in-situ monitoring the displacement of the laser-irradiated sample in the cleaning process. The experiments are performed for estimating the recoil force exerted on the target with and without liquid deposition. Secondly, time-resolved visualization and optical reflectance probing are also conducted for monitoring the phase-change kinetics and plume dynamics in vaporization of thin liquid layers. Discussions are made on the effect of liquid-film thickness and dynamics of plume and acoustic wave. The results confirm that cleaning force is generated when the bubble nuclei initially grow in the strongly superheated liquid.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2013년도 제44회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.629-629
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• 2013

Graphene is a carbon based material and it has intriguing features, such as phenomenally strong, thin, flexible, transparent and conductive, those make it attractive for a broad range of applications.Unfortunately, graphene is extremely sensitive to contamination. When we fabricate graphene devices, electrical properties of graphene are altered [1], and the charge carrier mobility drops accordingly by orders of magnitude. This significant impact on electron mobility occurs because any surrounding medium could act as a dominant source of extrinsic scattering, which effectively reduces the mean free path of carriers [2,3]. The dominant contaminant is generated through fabrication stage by polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) [4], or photo resist (PR). Surface contamination by these residues has long been a critical problem in probing graphene's intrinsic properties. If we clearly solve this problem, we can get highly performed graphene devices. Here, we will report on graphene cleaning process by Induced Coupled Plasma (ICP). We demonstrated how much decomposition of residue impact on improving electrical properties of graphene.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2013년도 제44회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.597-597
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• 2013

The resistive switching behaviors of Pt nanodisk on Nb-doped SrTiO3 single-crystal have been studied with conductive atomic force microscopy in ultra-high vacuum. The nanometer sizes of Pt disks were formed by using self-assembled patterns of silica nanospheres on Nb-doped SrTiO3 single-crystal semiconductor film using the Langmuir-Blodgett, followed by the metal deposition with e-beam evaporation. The conductance images shows the spatial mapping of the current flowing from the TiN coated AFM probe to Pt nanodisk surface on Nb：STO single-crystal substrate, that was simultaneously obtained with topography. The bipolar resistive switching behaviors of Pt nanodisk on Nb：STO single-crystal junctions was observed. By measuring the current-voltage spectroscopy after the forming process, we found that switching behavior depends on the charging and discharging of interface trap state that exhibit the high resistive state (HRS) and low resistive state (LRS), respectively. The results suggest that the bipolar resistive switching of Pt/Nb:STO single-crystal junctions can be performed without the electrochemical redox reaction between tip and sample with the potential application of nanometer scale resistive switching devices.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.450-455
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• 2004

A reducing glucose-carrying polymer, called poly [3-O-(4'-vinylbenzyl)-D-glucose］(PVG), was interacted with HepG2 cells including a type-l glucose transporter (GLUT-1) on the cell membrane. The cooperative interaction between a number of GLUT-1s and a number of reducing 3-O-methyl-D-glucose moieties on the PVG polymer chain was found to be responsible for the increase in the interaction with HepG2 cells. The affinity between the cells and the PVG was studied using RITC-labeled glycopolymers. The specific interaction between the GLUT-1 on HepG2 cells and the PVG polymer carrying reducing glucose moieties was suppressed by the inhibitors, phloretin, phloridzin, and cytochalasin B. Direct observation by confocal laser microscopy with the use of RITC-labeled PVG and pretreatment of HepG2 cells with the inhibitors demonstrated that the cells interacted with the soluble form of the PVG polymer via GLUT-1, while fluorescence labeling of the cell surface was prevented after pretreatment with the inhibitors of GLUT-1.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.225-235
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• 2006

With the discovery in plants of the proteinaceous forisome crystalloid (Knoblauch, et al. 2003), a novel, non-living, ATP-independent biological material became available to the designer of smart materials for advanced actuating and sensing. The in vitro studies of Knoblauch, et al. show that forisomes (2-4 micron wide and 10-40 micron long) can be repeatedly stimulated to contract and expand anisotropically by shifting either the ambient pH or the ambient calcium ion concentration. Because of their unique abilities to develop and reverse strains greater than 20% in time periods less than one second, forisomes have the potential to outperform current smart materials as advanced, biomimetic, multi-functional, smart sensors or actuators. Probing forisome material properties is an immediate need to lay the foundation for synthesizing forisomebased smart materials for health monitoring of structural integrity in civil infrastructure and for aerospace hardware. Microfluidics is a growing, vibrant technology with increasingly diverse applications. Here, we use microfluidics to study the surface interaction between forisome and substrate and the conformational dynamics of forisomes within a confined geometry to lay the foundation for forisome-based smart materials synthesis in controlled and repeatable environment.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제34권10호
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• pp.2895-2899
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• 2013

Direction of intercalation to DNA of the planar dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine ligands (dppz) of a bis-Ru(II) complex namely, $[Ru(1,10-phenanthroline)_2dipyrido[3,2-a:2^{\prime},3^{\prime}-c]phenazine]^{2+}$ linkered by a 1,3-bis(4-pyridyl)propane, was investigated by probing the behavior of 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) that bound deep in the minor groove. Bis-intercalation of DPPZ resulted in a little blue shift and hyperchromism in DAPI absorption band, and a large decrease in DAPI fluorescence intensity which accompined by an increase in the dppz emission intensity. Diminishing the intenisty of the positive induced circular dichroism (CD) and linear dichroism (LD) were also observed. These spectral changes indicated that insertion of dppz ligand caused the change of the binding mode of DAPI, which probably moved to the exterior of DNA from the minor groove and interacted with the phospghate groups of DNA by electrostatic interaction. At the surface of DNA, DAPI binds at the phosphate groups of DNA by electrostatic attraction. Consequently, this observation indicated that the dppz ligand intercalated from the minor groove.