• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
• /
• v.46 no.2
• /
• pp.31-41
• /
• 2015

This study aimed to analyze the relationship between sea surface temperature as a climatic element and catch amount of offshore and coastal fisheries in Korea using annual time series data from 1970 to 2013. It also tried to predict the future changes in catch amount of fisheries by climate change. Time series data on variables were estimated to be non-stationary from unit root tests, but one long-term equilibrium relation between variables was found from a cointegration test. The result of Granger causality test indicated that the sea surface temperature would cause directly changes in catch amount of offshore and coastal fisheries. The result of regression analysis on sea surface temperature and catch amount showed that the sea surface temperature would have negative impacts on the catch amount of offshore and coastal fisheries. Therefore, if the sea surface temperature would increase, all other things including the current level of fishing effort being equal, the catch amount of offshore and coastal fisheries was predicted to decrease.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
• /
• v.27 no.6
• /
• pp.1745-1754
• /
• 2015

This study aimed to analyze the relationship between sea temperatures and anchovy catch of Anchovy drag net fishery using annual time series data from 1970 to 2013. In the analysis, time series data on variables (CPUE, sea surface temperature, and 10m temperature) were estimated to be non-stationary from unit root tests, but one long-term equilibrium relation among variables was found from a cointegration test. From an exclusion test, a 10m temperature would not have relations with CPUE and sea surface temperature. The result of regression analysis on sea surface temperature and anchovy catch indicated that the sea surface temperature would have positive impacts on the anchovy catch. It means that when the sea surface temperature would increase, all other things including the current level of fishing effort being equal, the catch of anchovy was predicted to increase. More specifically, the result showed that when 1% of sea surface temperature increases, CPUE would be increased by 2.81%.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.37 no.4
• /
• pp.169-179
• /
• 2016

Objective: This study investigated the moderating and mediating effects of flourishing among child-care teacher's emotional labor and burnout. Methods: The participants included 243 child-care teachers in daycare centers in Jeju. To verify moderating effect of flourishing in relation between surface acting and burnout, 2-way ANOVA was used. To verify mediating effect of flourishing in relation between deep acting and burnout, the hierarchical regression and bootstrapping analyses were used. Results: First, the surface acting of emotional labors showed significantly positive effect with burnout and the deep acting of emotional labors shows significantly negative effect with burnout. And the surface acting of emotional labors shows significantly negative effect with flourishing and the deep acting of emotional labors shows significantly positive effect with flourishing. Also the flourishing shows significantly negative effect with burnout. Second, it was revealed that the flourishing plays a role as moderator in relation between surface acting and burnout. Finally, it was revealed that the flourishing plays a role as mediator in relation between deeping acting and burnout. Conclusion: This study illustrates that flourishing acts as differently in relation to emotional labor (surface acting/deep acting) and burnout.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.24 no.4 s.175
• /
• pp.894-900
• /
• 2000

Optimization of chassis frame is performed according to the minimization of eleven responses representing one total frame weight, three natural frequencies and seven strength limits of chassis frame that are analyzed by using each response surface model from D-optimal design of experiments. After each response surface model is constructed form D-optimal design and random orthogonal array, the main effect and sensitivity analyses are successfully carried out by using this approximated regression model and the optimal solutions are obtained by using a nonlinear programming method. The response surface models and the optimization algorithms are used together to obtain the optimal design of chassis frame. The eleven-polynomial response surface models of the thirteen frame members (design factors) are constructed by using D-optimal Design and the multi-disciplinary design optimization is also performed by applying dual response analysis.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.535-542
• /
• 1994

Remote sensing technique is based on the estimation of land surface characteristics from the measurement of the emitted radiation from the earth. The hydrologically related parameters studied using this approach include surface temperature, evapotranspiration, soil moisture, precipitation and snow. This study introduces a method for estimating moisture content of a bare soil from the observed and simulated brightness temperature. In a bare soil, microwave emission depends on moisture content, soil temperature, and surface roughness. The method is based on a radiative transfer model with some modifications of Fresnel reflection coefficient to take into account the effect of surface roughness. One smooth bare field and two fields with different surface roughness are prepared for the study. The results indicate that the effect of surface roughness is to increase the soil's brightness temperature and to reduce the slope of regression between brightness temperature and moisture contents.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.39-46
• /
• 2015

In this research, we studied the pressure drop affecting on the internal surface roughness and the curvature radius of a U-tube, which is used for the cooling system in PWR(Pressurized Water Reactor). Using ANSYS-FLUENT, a commercial code based on CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics) technique, we compared a Moody chart with the Darcy friction factor changed by a range of various surface roughness and Reynolds numbers of a straight pipe model. We studied the effect giving variation about a range of various surface roughness and the curvature radius of the full scale U-tube model. The material of the heat transfer tube is Inconel 690 used in the steam generator. We compared the velocity distribution of selected 4 locations, and derived the correlation between the surface roughness and the pressure drop for the U-tube of each representative curvature radius using the linear regression method.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.24 no.3 s.174
• /
• pp.661-666
• /
• 2000

Optimization of the elastic joint of train is performed according to the minimization of ten responses which represent driving safety and ride comfort of train and analyzed by using the each response se surface model from stochastic design of experiments. After the each response surface model is constructed, the main effect and sensitivity analyses are successfully performed by 2nd order approximated regression model as described in this paper. We can get the optimal solutions using by nonlinear programming method such as simplex or interval optimization algorithms. The response surface models and the optimization algorithms are used together to obtain the optimal design of the elastic joint of train. the ten 2nd order polynomial response surface models of the three translational stiffness of the elastic joint (design factors) are constructed by using CCD(Central Composite Design) and the multi-objective optimization is also performed by applying min-max and distance minimization techniques of relative target deviation.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.18 no.10
• /
• pp.77-87
• /
• 2020

Purpose: This study was done to analyze the effect of supervisor-focused impression management behavior of the airline cabin crew on perceived customer empathy. It focused on verifying dual meanings of the crew's emotional expression divided into surface acting and deep acting. Research design, data and methodology: The survey was conducted on cabin crews of two major Korean airlines. The reliability and validity of each variable used in the questionnaire were verified. Then, each hypothesis was analyzed through multiple regression analysis. Results: Firstly, the crew's supervisor-focused impression management behavior had a significant effect only on surface acting of the crew's emotional labor behavior. Among the crew's supervisor-focused IM behaviors, verbal IM behavior had a greater influence on surface acting than non-verbal IM behavior. Secondly, there was no relationship between the crew's supervisor-focused IM behavior and the crew's deep acting. Thirdly, the crew's emotional labor behavior (surface acting & deep acting) had a significant effect on perceived customer empathy. Fourth, the crew's deep acting had a greater influence on perceived customer empathy than surface acting. Conclusions: Cabin crews receive double evaluation from their immediate supervisors and customers. As a result, it was confirmed that the crew's supervisor-focused IM behavior, the crew's emotional labor behavior, and perceived customer empathy were connected process.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.93-102
• /
• 2007

The frontal crash optimization of an engine room member using the response surface method was studied. The engine room member is composed of the front side member and the sub-frame. The thicknesses of the panels on the front side member and the sub-frame were selected as the design variables. The purpose of the optimization was to reduce the weight of the structure, under the constraint that the objective quantity of crash energy is absorbed. The response surface method was used to approximate the crash behavior in mathematical form for optimization procedure. To research the effect of the regression method, two different methodologies were used in constructing the response surface model, the least square method and the moving least square method. The optimum with the two methods was verified by the simulation result. The precision of the surrogate model affected the optimal design. The moving least square method showed better approximation than the least square method. In addition to the deterministic optimization, the reliability-based design optimization using the response surface method was executed to examine the effect of uncertainties in design variables. The requirement for reliability made the optimal structure be heavier than the result of the deterministic optimization. Compared with the deterministic optimum, the optimal design using the reliability-based design optimization showed higher crash energy absorption and little probability of failure in achieving the objective.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
• /
• v.25 no.6
• /
• pp.487-499
• /
• 2009

Atmospheric correction of satellite measurements is a major step to estimate accurate surface reflectance of solar spectrum channels. In this study, Simplified Method for the Atmospheric Correction (SMAC) radiative transfer model used to retrieve surface reflectance from MODIS (MODerate resolution Imaging Spectrometer) top of atmosphere (TOA) reflectance. It is fast and simple atmospheric correction method, so it uses for work site operation in various satellite. This study attempts a test of accuracy of SMAC through a sensitivity test to detected error sources and to improve accuracy of surface reflectance using SMAC. The results of SMAC as compared with MODIS surface reflectance (MOD09) was represented that low accuracy ($R^2\;=\;0.6196$, Root Means Square Error (RMSE) = 0.00031, bias = - 0.0859). Thus sensitivity analysis of input parameters and coefficients was conducted to searching error sources. Among the input parameters, Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) is the most influence input parameter. In order to modify AOD term in SMAC code, Stepwise multiple regression was performed with testing and remove variable in three stages with independent variables of AOD at 550nm, solar zenith angle, viewing zenith angle. Surface reflectance estimation by using Newly proposed AOD term in the study showed that improve accuracy ($R^2\;=\;0.827$, RMSE = 0.00672, bias = - 0.000762).