• Human Ecology Research
• /
• v.52 no.5
• /
• pp.483-494
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the causal relationship of early adolescents' personal variables and social support on their self-esteem by grade. Information on 226 6th graders from elementary schools and 226 1st year students from middle schools in Busan was collected. Early adolescents' prosocial behavior, academic achievement, social support, and self-esteem were assessed using their self-reports. For the data analysis, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, t -test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression were used. The collected data were analyzed by the SPSS ver. 21.0 program for Windows. The major findings were as follows: first, early adolescents' prosocial behavior, academic achievement, social support demonstrated a significant difference between grades. Second, peers' social support was the most powerful determinant of self-esteem in both the 6th graders from elementary schools and the 1st year middle school students. Third, prosocial behavior had the greatest total effect on self-esteem in the case of both groups of students. The middle schoolers' academic achievement had no causal effect on their self-esteem. The findings from this study indicate that early adolescents' personal variables and social support are important elements that affect their self-esteem differently depending on their grade. Further, the findings of this study can be used as fundamental data to develop a teaching plan and provide counseling for early adolescents in order to increase their self-esteem.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.47 no.1
• /
• pp.64-71
• /
• 2014

Objectives: Physical activity behavior begins to decline during adolescence and continues to decrease throughout young adulthood. This study aims to explain factors that influence physical activity behavior in a sample of female adolescents using a health promotion model framework. Methods: This cross-sectional survey was used to explore physical activity behavior among a sample of female adolescents. Participants completed measures of physical activity, perceived self-efficacy, self-esteem, social support, perceived barriers, and perceived affect. Interactions among the variables were examined using path analysis within a covariance modeling framework. Results: The final model accounted for an $R^2$ value of 0.52 for physical activity and offered a good model-data fit. The results indicated that physical activity was predicted by self-esteem (${\beta}$=0.46, p<0.001), perceived self-efficacy (${\beta}$=0.40, p<0.001), social support (${\beta}$=0.24, p<0.001), perceived barriers (${\beta}$=-0.19, p<0.001), and perceived affect (${\beta}$=0.17, p<0.001). Conclusions: The findings of this study showed that the health promotion model was useful to predict physical activity behavior among the Iranian female adolescents. Information related to the predictors of physical activity behavior will help researchers plan more tailored culturally relevant health promotion interventions for this population.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.10-18
• /
• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify personal, contextual, and cognitive factors influencing the career preparation behavior of Korean nursing students. In this study, an examination was done of the fitness of a path model for the relationship among these factors based on the social cognitive career theory. Methods: The participants were 413 nursing students in South Korea. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires that included self-esteem, social support, self-efficacy, outcome expectation, career decision level, and career preparation behavior. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, and path analysis. Results: The factors influencing career preparation behavior were self-efficacy, career decision level, self-esteem, outcome expectation, and social support. The factors influencing career decision level were self-efficacy, outcome expectation, self-esteem, and social support. Conclusion: The findings indicate that self-efficacy is an important factor influencing the career behavior of Korean nursing students. Nurse educators should consider personal, contextual, and cognitive factors of nursing students and develop systemic career guidance programs to help nursing students' career preparation behavior.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.8 no.8
• /
• pp.223-234
• /
• 2008

This study aims to understand the relation between the perceived social exchange of employees in service industry, which is focused on food service industry, and the organizational citizenship behavior, and to consider the efficiency of human resources management in service industry. To achieve the purpose of this study, a documentary study and an empirical study based on a structural equation model analysis were carried out. In this study, the social exchange consist of perceived leader support, perceived coworker support, and perceived organization support. Also the organizational citizenship behavior consist of organizational citizenship behavior for individual and organizational citizenship behavior for organization. And then, the relation between the variables was found out. Finally, based upon the results of analysis, this study was suggested for human resources management in service industry.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.30 no.5
• /
• pp.119-135
• /
• 2009

This study investigated how perceived social support, self-esteem and parenting attitudes of mothers relates to children's social competence and explored the mediating role of parenting attitudes in multicultural families. Participants were 67 immigrant women and their children aged 4-6. Instruments were the Social Support Scale (Park, 1985), Maternal Behavior Instrument (Lee, 1986), Self-Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965) and Social Competence Scale (Doh & Falbo, 1994). Data were analyzed by Pearson's Correlation and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Results indicated that social support perceived by mothers related positively to their self-esteem and positive parenting, and to children's social competence. Mothers' self-esteem related positively to their positive parenting and to children's social competence. Maternal parenting behavior mediated the effects of social support and self-esteem on children's social competence.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.129-135
• /
• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the influencing factors on oral health related self-efficacy and social support in high school students. Methods: The subjects were 750 high school students in Jeonbuk by convenience sampling. A self-reported questionnaire was completed from April 3 to June 4, 2013. Except incomplete answers, 589 data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0 program for t-test, ANOVA, post hoc Scheffe test, and multiple regression analysis. The questionnaire consisted 6 questions of general characteristics of the subjects, 8 questions of oral health related self-efficacy, and 8 questions of oral health related social support. The instrument for self-efficacy was developed by Sherer and Maddux and measured by Likert 4 scale. Interpersonal Support Evaluation List(ISEL) was developed by Cohen and Hoberman and revised by Suh as oral health related social support in high school students, and measured by Liker 4 scale. Cronbach's alpha in self-efficacy was 0.768 and that in social support was 0.772. Results: The good oral health behavior in the high school students was closely related ro self-efficacy and social support. Higher self-efficacy and social support could make the students practice good oral behavior. Conclusions: Higher self-efficacy and social support can influence on the good oral health behavior in high school students. So it is very important to provide the continuous oral health education that can enhance self-efficacy and health promotion.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.47 no.2
• /
• pp.233-241
• /
• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of parental stress, social support, and coping behavior on burnout among mothers caring for children with cerebral palsy. Methods: Participants in this cross-sectional, descriptive study were 185 mothers who completed a self-report structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, correlation and multiple linear regression analyses with IBM SPSS Win 22 program. Results: Parental stress and coping behavior were strong predictors of burnout among mothers of children with cerebral palsy. These variables explained 50.0% of the variance in burnout. Social support was not a predictor of burnout. A higher level of burnout was associated with higher levels of parental stress and lower levels of social support and coping behavior. Conclusion: Mothers of children with cerebral palsy are vulnerable to burnout. These results show that effective strategies for reducing parental stress and improving positive coping behavior are needed to reduce burnout in these mothers.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.10-17
• /
• 2017

This study aimed to examine the effects of transformational leadership on employees' trust, perceived support from superiors, organizational citizenship behavior, and moderating effects of locus of control. Using the Amos program, this study tested reliability and fitness of the research model and verified five hypotheses based on empirical data from 233 employee samples in coffee shops. The result of this study shows that positive consideration and charisma of transformational leadership positively influenced employees' level of trust toward superiors and perceived support from superiors. Trust had positive effects on promotion of organizational citizenship behavior of employees. Lastly, analysis of the moderating effect of locus of control showed that a lower level of extrinsic control and higher level of intrinsic control were both positively correlated with greater receptiveness to transformational leadership. The findings in this study identified several significant factors of employee effectiveness influenced by transformational leadership in the coffee shop industry. Limitations and future research directions are also discussed.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.480-490
• /
• 2013

Purpose: This descriptive study was done to identify effects of perceived organizational support (POS) on job involvement and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) in hospital nurses. Methods: Data were collected from Oct. 1 to Nov. 15, 2011. Participants in this study were 324 nurses working in 6 general hospitals in S, K, and C cities. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheff$\acute{e}$ test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression. Results: POS was positively correlated with job involvement, and OCB (altruism, conscientiousness, courtesy, sportsmanship and civic virtue). Factors influencing job involvement were POS and marital status, which accounted for 15.7% of the variance, marital status influenced altruism, which accounted for 4% of the variance, POS influenced conscientiousness, which accounted for 10% of the variance, religion and marital status influenced courtesy, which accounted for 6.5% of the variance, age influenced sportsmanship, which accounted for 7.9% of the variance, and POS and clinical career influenced civic virtue, which accounted for 23.1% of the variance. Job involvement mediated on the relation between perceived organizational support and organizational citizenship behavior. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that hospital administrators should explore ways of improve POS for better job involvement, conscientiousness, and civic virtue.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.235-244
• /
• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing exercise behaviors of the male manual workers and office workers based on health promotion model by examining the relationships among them, and then to provide basic information for developing exercise program. Methods: The 97 laborers and 99 officiers were collected from two worksites. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients and multiple regression. Results: Male laborers' exercise behavior was significantly influenced by exercise self-efficacy, exercise social support and exercise experience over 3 months, and these factors explained 50.2% of the total variance. Male officiers' exercise behavior was significantly influenced by exercise self-efficacy, subjective health status, perceived exercise barriers and exercise social support, and they explained 47.3% of the total variance. Conclusions: Based on the findings that exercise self-efficacy and exercise social support commonly influence exercise behavior of male laborers and officiers, there is a need to develop an exercise program to improve exercise self-efficacy and exercise social support.