• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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• 한국공작기계학회 1997년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.150-155
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• 1997

Rapid Prototyping(RP) is the technique which is used to make prototypes or functional parts directly using the 3-D solid data. Before building the prototype, several processes such as transfering 3D data from CAD system(STL) determination of build-direction, adding support structure and slicing are required. Among the above processes. determination of build-direction is the target of this study. The build direction is determined by many factors according to the objective of the user, like part accuracy, number of support structure, build time, amount of trapped volume, etc, But it is not easy to determine the build-direction because there are many factors and some factors have dependent properties with one another. So, in this study the part accuracy, the number of support structures and build time are considered as the main factor to determine the optimal build-direction. To determine the optimal build-direction for increasing part accuracy, sum of projected area which caused stairstepping effect was considered. The less the projected area is the better part accuracy is About the optimal build-direction to minimize the amount of support structure, sum of projected area of facets that require support structures was considered. About the build time, we considered the minimum height of part we intended. About the build time, we considered the minimun height of part we intended to make.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.57-61
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of direction (pitch and roll) on the perception of support surface rotation while standing. Thirty young healthy subjects participated in this study. Support surface was rotated at an unexpected instant in a very slow speed (0.2 deg/s). The direction of support surface rotation was randomly chosen among pitch (forward and backward) and roll (right and left) directions. The experiment was performed with eyes open and closed. Perception performance was evaluated by the perception threshold, defined as the rotation angle of the surface at the instant when a subject recognized that the support surface was moving. Results showed that the perception threshold was smaller for roll directions than pitch directions irrespective of vision and gender (p < 0.01). This indicates that the perception of support surface rotation is more sensitive in roll direction than in pitch direction. Among three sensory functions related to postural perception, the effect of vestibular and visual functions on the direction difference of the perception should be little because of the very slow surface rotation and independence on visual conditions. Therefore, the direction dependence of perception would have been affected mainly by the somatosensory function.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.397-407
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• 2017

This study aims to suggest development direction of smart city service support institutions for the development of smart cities. For this purpose, First of all, the necessity of smart city service support organization, legal basis and major functions were theoretically examined. Second, reviewed the functions of smart city service support institutions and conducted relative importance and in depth interviews with experts. Third, suggested development direction of smart city service support institutions which summarized the above results is suggested. The result of this study is meaningful in that it suggests roles, functions and future directions of smart city service support institutions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.127-150
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• 2004

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to provide a basic structure for the establishment of the direction of school health programs, an overview of the historical changes of school health programs and their results, and a conceptual framework on school health programs. Methods: The data analysis has been done using a statistical almanac, relevant laws and regulations, operation handbook of the program, theses, reports, records of public hearings, and other reports as a technical research primarily based on evidence. The methodology of this research classifies the development and growth transition of school health programs during a historical period through the investigation of regulations, organization, manpower, and its program via its development process and to provide a basic tool to design a solid school health policy. Results: A The growth and development of school health programs The development of school health programs was classified into three different periods including the forthcoming period (1945~1967), the completion period (1967~1993), and the actualization period based on the establishment of legislation for School Health Law, other relevant legislation, and the contents of school health programs (1993~present). B. Policy direction of school health programs School health programs have reestablished their goals and range based on basic direction, and developed the W1it model of information structure for school health program management and its basic structure. Finally, the stepwise support system through the building of the school health support center is recommended. (1) The basic direction of school health programs has proposed 7 basic goals to reestablish the policy direction of health improvement based on total health. (2) The W1it model of information system and the school health information system for school health program management has been developed to utilize positive management. (3) School health policy through the study of the health laws and systems has been developed. The necessity of school health support center for the policy support, functional support and operation support has also been proposed. Conclusions: It is necessary to build a school health support center that consists of health professionals in charge of policy support, functional support, and program support of school health programs in order to realize and develop new policy.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 한국철도학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.476-479
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• 2007

The selection of the support system is an important design parameter in design and construction of the tunnel using the new Australian tunnel method. It is a common practice to select the support based on the rock mass grade, in which the rock mass is classified into five rock groups. The method is applicable if the characteristics of the rock mass are uniform in the vertical direction. However, such case is seldom encountered in practice and not applicable when the properties vary along the vertical direction. This study performs comprehensive three dimensional finite difference analyses to investigate the ground deformation pattern for cases in which the rock mass properties change in the vertical direction of the tunnel axis. The numerically calculated displacements at the tunnel crown show that the displacement is highly dependent on the stiffness contrast of the rock masses. The results strongly indicate the need to select the support type $0.5{\sim}1.0D$(vertical direction) on the rock mass boundary. The paper proposes a new guideline for selecting the support type based the results of the analyses.

• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.11-20
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of rotation direction during curved walking on gait parameters in stroke patients. Methods: A group of thirty subjects with stroke (Berg Balance Scale score${\geq}41$ were fifteen, Berg Balance Scale score${\leq}40$ were fifteen) were enrolled in this study. Testing indications included two directions for rotation in each subject. These indications were for rotation toward the affected and unaffected side in stroke patients. The gait speed, affected side single support duration, affected side double support duration were recorded. The obtained data were analyzed by using paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed rank test in the group that are below and above 40 points of Berg Balance Scale score. Results: There was significant increase affected side single support duration was turned the affected side in stroke patients that presented a Berg Balance Scale score${\geq}41$ (p<.05). There were significant increase gait speed, affected side single support duration, and significant decrease affected side double support duration while subjects were turned the affected side in stroke patients that presented a Berg Balance Scale score${\leq}40$ (p<.05). Conclusion: This result may be effective to rotate in the paralyzed direction to improve the ability of the paralyzed lower limb to gain weight during gait training for stroke patients with a Berg Balance Scale score<40. Therefore, walking training program for hemiplegic patient needs to be suggested in the direction of turning for suitable balance ability.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2020

This is a study on the direction of the teaching support program contents analysis and teaching support platform of the teaching and learning center. To this end, in April 2020, a literature study was conducted, an analysis of the current status of teaching support at other universities and K universities, an analysis of professor interviews, and expert verification were conducted. The main research results are as follows. First, as a result of examining the current status of teaching support programs at 24 universities, it was confirmed that special lectures on teaching methods, class consulting, teaching method research meetings, and educational resource rooms were operated as representative programs. Second, the basic structure of the platform is composed of a lecture case sharing bulletin board to enable active exchange of opinions on teaching methods among teachers, a teaching support program application bulletin board to enable application for a teaching method program, and Edu-tech to activate the platform, and a professor support menu. Third, the contents of the teaching support platform were implemented based on the basic structure of the teaching support platform. This study analyzed the contents of the teaching support program and conducted a study to suggest the direction of the teaching support platform to discuss the direction of establishing an effective teaching support platform.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.1-21
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to explore employees' experiences of integrated services in Healthy Family and Multicultural Family Support Centers in Seoul. In-depth interviews were conducted with seven employees, including managers and heads of Healthy Family and Multicultural Family Support Centers. The interviews identified three themes: the direction of integrated service, the characteristics of the integration process, and the challenges of integrated service. For the direction of integrated service, the participants identified the integration center as a professional family services organization that provided customized services for different types of families. During the integration process, employees found it difficult to provide integrated services because few guidelines existed on operating an integration center that provided services to families with different characteristics and needs. However, they also explained positive aspects of integration, such as strengthening the business's capacity by expanding the organization. To improve integrated service, employees emphasized the expertise and appropriateness of the family services over the efficiency of the integration centers. They also stressed expansion as a role of a professional family services organization. These findings suggested that establishing a clear direction for integrated service as well as the roles of administrative support agencies is important for activating integrated services.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 한국철도학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.375-378
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• 2007

The selection of the support system is an important design parameter in design and construction of the tunnel using the new Australian tunnel method. It is a common practice to select the support based on the rock mass grade, in which the rock mass is classified into five rock groups. The method is applicable if the characteristics of the rock mass are uniform in the direction of tunnel excavation. However, such case is seldom encountered in practice and not applicable when the properties vary along the longitudinal direction. This study performs comprehensive three dimensional finite difference analyses to investigate the ground deformation pattern for cases in which the rock mass properties change in the direction of the tunnel axis. The numerically calculated displacements at the tunnel crown show that the displacement is highly dependent on the stiffness contrast of the rock masses. The results strongly indicate the need to select the support type $0.5\sim1.0D$ before the rock mass boundary. The paper proposes a new guideline for selecting the support type based the results of the analyses.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.713-735
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the characteristics of maternal social networks on maternal expectation for their own children to examine the path that social networks had an effect on the self-esteem and the emotional intelligence of children through maternal expectation for their own children. The data used in this study were collected from 524 fourth to sixth graders and their mothers residing in Daejeon using structured questionnaire. The major findings of the study were as follows : (1) Among social network characteristics, proportion of friends and neighbors, proximity, direction and interference had a negative effect, and proportion of mothers of child's friends, frequency of contact, intimacy, emotional support, service support had a positive effect on maternal expectation for their own children. (2) Among social network characteristics, proportion of mothers of child's friends had a direct effect and proportion of friends, neighbors, and mothers of child's friends, proximity, frequency of contact, intimacy, direction, emotional support, service support, and interference had an indirect effect on children's emotional intelligence through maternal expectation for their own children. (3) Among social network characteristics, proportion of kin and mothers of child's friends, intimacy, service support, material support and interference had a direct effect, and proportion of neighbors and mothers of child's friends, proximity, frequency of contact, direction, service support had an indirect effect on children's emotional intelligence through maternal expectation for their own children.