• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.55 no.5
• /
• pp.371-381
• /
• 2022

Since tributaries have greater water quality variability than main streams, a comprehensive evaluation method that considers the effects of various parameters rather than one water quality parameter has been introduced for effective water quality management of tributaries, but the characteristic of the watershed is not considered. In this study, the urbanization rate, livestock excreta generation, and industrial wastewater discharge in the Hantan River middle-watershed classify urban and non-urban watersheds, and evaluate the suitability of water quality indexes by watershed characteristics by analyzing water quality characteristics and calculating CCME WQI, RTWQI, and NSFWQI. Factor analysis was used to understand the effect of water quality parameters used to calculate the water quality index on the water quality index results. As a result of the factor analysis, the relationship between CCME WQI, TC, and FC was derived, and the relationship between RTWQI and DO, SS in urban watersheds and NSFWQI and FC in non-urban watersheds was revealed. As a result of evaluating suitability through comparison with BOD and T-P grades, it was interpreted that the suitability of the water quality index was low in urban watersheds and that comprehensive water quality evaluation using RTWQI was possible in non-urban watersheds.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
• /
• v.2 no.4
• /
• pp.235-246
• /
• 2021

This study investigated the impact of baseflow on fish community in the Ungcheon stream (16.5 km long) located downstream of the Boryeong Dam, Korea. Based on field monitoring, there were five dominant fish species in the Ungcheon Stream accounting for 75% of the total fish community: Zacco platypus, Zacco koreanus, Tridentiger brevispinis, Rhinogobius brunneus, and Pungtungia herzi. These five fish species were selected as target species. HydroGeoSphere (HGS) and River2D models were used for hydrologic and hydraulic simulations, respectively. A habitat suitability index model was used to simulate fish habitat. To assess the impact of baseflow, each representative discharge was examined with or without baseflow. The HGS model was used to calculate baseflow within the study reach. This baseflow was observed to increase gradually with longitudinal distance. Validation of the hydraulic model dem onstrated that computed water surface elevated when baseflow was included, which was in good agreement with measured data, as opposed to the result when baseflow was excluded. Composite suitability index distributions and weighted usable area in the study reach were presented for target species. Simulations indicated that the baseflow significantly increased habitat suitability for the entire fish community. These results demonstrate that there should be a substantial focus on the baseflow for physical habitat simulation.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.33-41
• /
• 2015

In this study, an optimal improvement method of stream channel structure is presented for the enhancement of fish habitat suitability by genetic algorithm. The correlation between fish habitat suitability and physical disturbance in stream is analyzed according to the changes of hydraulic characteristics by channel structure rehabilitation. Zacco koreanus which is an indicator fish of the soundness of aquatic ecosystem was selected as a restoration target species by investigating the community characteristics of fish fauna and river environments in Wonju stream. The habitat suitability is investigated by PHABSIM with the habitat suitability index of Zacco koreanus. Hydraulic analysis by HEC-RAS and physical disturbance evaluation in stream are carried out. The optimal channel width modified for the enhancement of fish habitat suitability is provided. The correlation analysis between habitat suitability and physical disturbance with the change of hydraulic characteristics by channel modification showed that the proper channel modification enhanced fish habitat suitability and mitigated physical disturbance in the stream. The improvement of physical disturbance score by the channel structure rehabilitation for the enhancement of fish habitat suitability was confirmed in this study.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.164-173
• /
• 2017

Alternative cropping systems would be one of climate change adaptation options. Suitable areas for a crop could be identified using a climate suitability model. The EcoCrop model has been used to assess climate suitability of crops using monthly climate surfaces, e.g., the digital climate map at high spatial resolution. Still, a high-performance computing approach would be needed for assessment of climate suitability to take into account a complex terrain in Korea, which requires considerably large climate data sets. The objectives of this study were to implement a script for R, which is an open source statistics analysis platform, in order to use the EcoCrop model under a parallel computing environment and to assess climate suitability of maize using digital climate maps at high spatial resolution, e.g., 1 km. The total running time reduced as the number of CPU (Central Processing Unit) core increased although the speedup with increasing number of CPU cores was not linear. For example, the wall clock time for assessing climate suitability index at 1 km spatial resolution reduced by 90% with 16 CPU cores. However, it took about 1.5 time to compute climate suitability index compared with a theoretical time for the given number of CPU. Implementation of climate suitability assessment system based on the MPI (Message Passing Interface) would allow support for the digital climate map at ultra-high spatial resolution, e.g., 30m, which would help site-specific design of cropping system for climate change adaptation.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.805-812
• /
• 2014

This study investigates the impact of morphological change on the physical habitat simulation. For this, CCHE2D model is used for the hydraulic analysis including the morphological change, and the physical habitat suitability is assessed with habitat suitability curves. The model is applied to a 2.5km long reach downstream of the Goesan Dam, from Sujeon Bridge to Daesu Weir. Flow data of discharge and stage in July, 2006 are used in the computation. The numerical model is verified by means of comparison with the measured water surface elevation data, and the variation of the river bed is not verified in this study. Adult Zacco platypus is chosen for the dominant species. Physical habitat simulations result in composite habitat suitability and weighted usable area for drought, low, normal, and averaged-wet flows. The simulation results indicate that the composite suitability index increased at reaches right downstream of the Sujeon Bridge and around the bend. This also increased weighted usable area by 5.4-11.3%.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
• /
• v.3 no.4
• /
• pp.33-49
• /
• 2000

This research demonstrates the application of GIS to the selection of the waste landfill site through the case study of a urban area. The estimation factors for the suitability analysis of the waste landfill site were determined. The database was built through collection, input, and transformation of data. The recent land cover classification data and NDVI data which were obtained through processing of satellite imagery were incorporated into GIS data as estimation factors. The relative weights of importance among 2nd category estimation factors were determined by the pairwise comparison method. Also relative weights of 1st category estimation factors which are divided into the social-economical factor and the natural environmental factor were combined with those of 2nd category estimation factors. As the results of this case study, the suitability analysis was conducted in accordance with various estimation criteria. The highest suitability index was obtained in the case where we considered the relative weights of 2nd category estimation factors as different in the viewpoint which regards the social economical factor as important.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.311-325
• /
• 2017

Habitat suitability index (HSI) of 17 benthic macroinvertebrate taxa, which were lotic insects of generic category except Potamanthidae in mayfly, was developed for three physical habitat factors (current velocity, water depth and substrate) based on an ecological monitoring in a Korean stream (Gapyeong). Weibull model was used as a probability density function to analyze the distribution of individual abundance related with physical factors, which showed it was so available. Number of species and total individual abundance increased along with the increase of current velocity and the mean diameter of substrate, and decreased along with the increase of water depth. Most taxa showed a clear preference for a fast current velocity, shallow water depth and coarse substrate except Ephemera, Potamanthidae (mayfly), and Plectrocnemia (caddisfly) which were rheophobic, potamophilic and lithophobious. Based on the canonical correspondence analysis, the relative importance of each factor was determined as follows: current velocity > substrate > water depth.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.484-491
• /
• 2015

The productivity of Manila clam(Ruditapes philippinarum) aquaculture farm is closely related to suitable site selection, so it is essential to assess the habitat suitable for aquaculture species in order to manage yield. This study evaluated the habitat suitable index(HSI) with 9 sites for tidal flat farm, Gochang(Hajun) on May 2014. The suitability index was selected Growth(hydrodynamics, chlorophyll a), Survival(sediment-sand, silt-clay) and Water Environment(dissolved oxygen, salinity). Both Weight and No weight were tried for objective judgment as HSI scoring method. As a result, it shows lower tidal flat(HSI; No weight: 0.60~0.76, Weight: 0.47~0.70) is higher than upper(HSI; No weight: 0.25~0.27, Weight: 0.09~0.10), hydrodynamics and sediment particle size are the most effective. This research can consider the potential suitable site for Manila clam through scientific approach, and provide the basis for optimal management practices in tidal flat farm.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.29-43
• /
• 2015

Objective: The aim of this study is to develop management guidelines and a procedure for an anthropometric suitability assessment of the main control room (MCR) in nuclear power plants (NPPs). Background: The condition of the MCR should be suitable for the work crews in NPPs. The suitability of the MCR depends closely on the anthropometric dimensions and ergonomic factors of the users. In particular, the MCR workspace design in NPPs is important due to the close relationship with operating crews and their work failures. Many documents and criteria have recommended that anthropometry dimensions and their studies are one of the foremost processes of the MCR design in NPPs. If these factors are not properly considered, users can feel burdened about their work and the human errors that might occur. Method: The procedure for the anthropometric suitability assessment consists of 5 phases: 1) selection of the anthropometric suitability evaluation dimensions, 2) establishment of a measurement method according to the evaluation dimensions, 3) establishment of criteria for suitability evaluation dimensions, 4) establishment of rating scale and improvement methods according to the evaluation dimensions, and 5) assessment of the final grade for evaluation dimensions. The management guidelines for an anthropometric suitability assessment were completed using 10 factors: 1) director, 2) subject, 3) evaluation period, 4) measurement method and criteria, 5) selection of equipment, 6) measurement and evaluation, 7) suitability evaluation, 8) data sharing, 9) data storage, and 10) management according to the suitability grade. Results: We propose a set of 17 anthropometric dimensions for the size, cognition/perception action/behavior, and their relationships with human errors regarding the MCR design variables through a case study. The 17 selected dimensions are height, sitting height, eye height from floor, eye height above seat, arm length, functional reach, extended functional reach, radius reach, visual field, peripheral perception, hyperopia/myopia/astigmatism, color blindness, auditory acuity, finger dexterity, hand function, body angle, and manual muscle test. We proposed criteria on these 17 anthropometric dimensions for a suitability evaluation and suggested an improvement method according to the evaluation dimensions. Conclusion: The results of this study can improve the human performance of the crew in an MCR. These management guidelines and a procedure for an anthropometric suitability assessment will be able to prevent human errors due to inadequate anthropometric dimensions. Application: The proposed set of anthropometric dimensions can be integrated into a managerial index for the anthropometric suitability of the operating crews for more careful countermeasures to human errors in NPPs.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.28-38
• /
• 2004

Korean goral (Nemorhaedus caudatus raddeanus) is one of the endangered species in Korea, and the rugged terrain of the Soraksan National Park (373㎢) is a critical habitat for the species. But the goral population is threatened by habitat fragmentation caused by roads and hiking trails. The objective of this study was to develop a potential habitat suitability model for Korean goral in the park, and the model was based on the concepts of fuzzy set theory and multi-criteria evaluation. The process of the suitability modeling could be divided into three steps. First, data for the modeling was collected by using field work and a literature survey. Collected data included 204 points of GPS data obtained through a goral trace survey and through the number of daily visitors to each hiking trail during the peak season of the park. Second, fuzzy set theory was employed for building a GIS data base related to environmental factors affecting the suitability of the goral habitat. Finally, a multiple-criteria evaluation was performed as the final step towards a goral habitat suitability model. The results of the study were as follows. First, characteristics of suitable habitats were the proximity to rock cliffs, scattered pine (Pinus densiflora) patches, ridges, the elevation of 700∼800m, and the aspect of south and southeast. Second, the habitat suitability model had a high classification accuracy of 93.9％ for the analysis site, and 95.7％ for the validation site at a cut off value of 0.5. Finally, 11.7％ of habitatwith more than 0.5 of habitat suitability index was affected by roads and hiking trails in the park.