• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.181-190
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• 1998

An elastic analysis under wind load was performed for the double layered plastic greenhouse model developed particularly for minimizing damages under typhoons at Cheju Citrus Research institute in Seagipo city. General EVA film was used for the inner covering and the developed special film which would break the wind pressure down was used for the outer covering. The wind tunnel test showed this special film reduced the wind speed up to 86 to 98% under well controlled situation. Based on the elastic analysis performed in the study, the behavior of the greenhouse was changed significantly due to the boundary conditions. Not like other researchers before we applied dead load of the concrete support to the ground pipe and fixed support boundary conditions at the 4 corner pipes. The analysis shows that the greenhouse was lifted and pulled the pipe out of the ground due to the sucking wind pressure. The behavior of the greenhouse was quite similar to that one real greenhouse failure. Therefore, not only we need to find the realistic boundary conditions for the supports, but also need to find how to rest the pipe supports on the ground without economic loss.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.194-204
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• 2016

The pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyricola, is a very small sap-feeding insect of many commercial pear varieties that could be considered the most serious insect pest of pear. Detailed information on plant penetration activities of the pear psylla is essential to study its feeding behavior used to evaluate resistant traits to chemical control. The application of the electrical penetration graph technique (EPG) could provide a relevant insight into the nature of this resistance. EPG waveforms of C. pyricola were characterized on the basis of amplitude, frequency, voltage level, and electrical origin. Feeding behaviors of C. pyricola were recorded and analyzed by EPG analysis. During EPG monitoring, waveform PA occurred at the start of stylet penetration of pear leaf epidermal cell. Waveform PB followed, in which stylet secreted saliva was observed. Waveforms PC1 and PC2 involved penetrating and sucking behaviors in parenchyma cells and vascular parenchyma, respectively. In addition, waveform PC1 represented salivation into bundle sheath cells and ingestion from parenchyma. Otherwise, behaviors of salivation into phloem and ingestion from phloem produced waveforms PE1 and PE2, respectively. On the other hand, ingestion from xylem tissues showed waveform PG. Among the feeding patterns of C. pyricola described above, phloem feeding patterns occurred most frequently, followed by xylem feeding and parenchyma penetration patterns in descending order.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.451-459
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• 2011

Purpose: In this study the effects of breast massage on breast pain, breast-milk sodium, and newborn suckling in early postpartum mothers were investigated. Methods: The design was a non-synchronized nonequivalent control group pretest-post-test design. Sixty postpartum mothers who were admitted to a postpartum care center and had problems with breastfeeding were recruited. Of these mothers, 44 were assigned to the intervention group and received two 30-minute breast massages within 10 days of postpartum period. The others were assigned control group and received only routine care. Breast pain was measured using a numeric pain scale and number of times newborns suckled was observed throughout breastfeeding. Breast milk was self-collected to evaluate breast-milk sodium. Results: Mean age of postpartum mothers was 30 years old. Compared to the control group, women in the intervention group reported significant decreases in breast pain (p<.001), increases in number of times newborns suckled after the first and second massage (p<.001), and a decrease in breast-milk sodium after the first massage (p=.034). Conclusion: Breast massage may have effects on relieving breast pain, decreasing breast-milk sodium, and improving newborn suckling. Breast massage can be used to solve breast problems. Further research is needed to validate our findings.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.109-115
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• 1995

The main purpose of this study was to treat pica in a 2.8 year old child with severe mental retardation along with autistic tendencies. His developmental age ranged from 12 to 15 month on the DDST and he had no means of communication. He was on Tegretol 200mg for seizure control. His pica involved thumb sucking, putting toys into his mouth, and licking furniture wherever he went Besides pica, he had a rumination problem. The treatment strategies for his pica consisted of two phases : In phase 1, The child was taught toy play through a 3-step guided compliance training, while his pica and rumination behaviors were recorded to investigate whether active toy play could effect any change in the untreated pica and rumination behaviors of this child. In phase 2, a facial screening was used as a means to control his pica, while his rumination was recorded to see whether controlling his pica could bring any change in the untreated ruminating behavior. The results showed that the facial screening was very effective in decreasing his pica from an average of 18.6 times per 15 minute in the baseline to 2.3 times post-treatment. Response covariation was observed across pica and rumination while toy play compliance training alone was being conducted, and covariation across rumination was observed while pica alone was being treated with facial screening.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.68-74
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• 2011

Rett syndrome is a X-linked genetic neurological disorder characterized by developmental regression, particularly in relation to expressive language and use of the hands, together with profound mental retardation, that almost exclusively affects females. Oral manifestations of the disease are commonly associated with the clinical conditions such as convulsion activity, difficulties for oral hygiene behavior, walking problems and oral/digitalmanual habits. Bruxism is the most frequently observed oral habit in patients with Rett syndrome. Two cases with the Rett syndrome were reported. Both patients had the typical manifestations like stereotypic hand movement, bruxism and digit-hand sucking. Caries control for the patients was perfomed under general anesthesia.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.151-160
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of oral stimulation interventions on the transition from tube to oral feeding in preterm infants through systematic review. Methods: The randomized clinical trials published between 1980 and 2015 were searched using domestic and international databases, and five randomized studies were selected for this study. The quality of study was assessed by assessment tool from the SIGN and meta-analysis was performed using the Cochrane Review Manager software Version 5.3 (RevMan). Results: Oral stimulation intervention in preterm infants decreased the transition time from tube to oral feeding (Post Menstrual Age, Day of life). Especially, a significant medium effect size was found in the number of days needed on the transition (ES=-4.95, p=.02). The oral stimulation intervention also had a significant large effect on the length of stay at hospital (ES=-8.33, p<.001). Conclusion: Based on the findings, oral stimulation interventions could be useful to facilitate the transition from tube to oral feeding in preterm infants in terms of reducing the length of stay at hospital and the number of days needed on transition.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.837-842
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• 1998

Rett syndrome is a progressive neurological disorder that occurs exclusively in females. The syndrome is characterized by regression of language, motor development, and stereotypic hand movement. Autistic behavior, breathing irregularities, gait dyspraxia, scoliosis, and seizure are also accompanied. The cause of Rett syndrome is unknown, however, it is believed that the X-chromosome might playa significant role in the development of the syndrome. Patients with this syndrome have unusual oral and/or digital habits such as abnormal chewing pattern, bruxism, hypersalivation, micrognathia, high vaulted palate, tongue protrusion with lower posture of tongue, hand biting, digit-hand sucking. Dentists who are aware of distinct manifestations of Rett syndrome will be able to aid in early diagnosis and treatment of the syndrome. Prior to dental treatment for a patient with the Rett syndrome under sedation or general anesthesia, one should assess the degree of hypersalivation, apnea, severity of autism, expected life span. Early recognition of the syndrome and also dental treatment with established strict preventive guidelines for patients with the Rett syndrome may obviate the necessity of sedation or general anesthesia. Two cases with the Rett syndome were reported. Both patients had most of the above mentioned typical manifestations of the syndrome. Dental treatment for the case 1(8-year-old) including caries control, stainless steel crown, sealant application was performed under general anesthesia. The case 2 could not be undergone the dental treatment due to poor general conditions.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.11-15
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• 2016

Angelman syndrome is characterized by a partial deficit of paired autosomal chromosome 15, which contains a subunit of the GABA (Gamma-Amino Butyric Acid) receptor. The main clinical characteristics of this syndrome are delayed neuropsychological development, intellectual disability, and speech impairment. The syndrome has oral manifestations such as diastemas, tongue thrusting, sucking swallowing disorder, and excessive chewing behavior. A 3-year-6-month old girl with Angelman syndrome was scheduled for dental treatment. She had multiple caries, but she was poorly cooperative for treatment due to developmental delay and movement disorder, so general anesthesia was considered. The patient with Angelman syndrome was successfully treated under general anesthesia. There were no postoperative complications related to anesthesia and dental treatment. When treating children with this syndrome, the dentist needs to manage their uncooperative behavior and medical problem.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2010

Purpose : The purpose of the study is to find out the effect of wearing a weighted vest for sensory modulation disorder children. Methods : The participant of the study was an elementary school student, male, aged 7. The ABA single case study was used to design the study which was performed for 14 sessions. During the mediation period(B), the participant received the study cognitive education wearing weighted vest weighing 1.3kg. Results : Abnormal behaviors such as suddenly standing up from the chair, shaking body front and back, and left and right, sucking his thumb and putting the back of his hand to his mouth showed tendency to decrease gradually. Discussion : The participant's abnormal behaviors decreased as the sessions went by, which means the sensory integration therapy can improve the behavior of the child suffering the sensory modulation disorder. The design of the study had certain limitation to explain the influence a weighted vest to sustain the effect of the sensory integration therapy. New study design is needed for the extended studies to prove the lasting effect of a weighted vest for the sensory integration therapy and to suggest protocols incorporating wearing know-hows, proper wearing time, and the weight of a weighted vest.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.83 no.3
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• pp.311-321
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• 1994

Experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of ground and foliar sprinkling of natural water for control of the pine needle gall midge, Thecodiplosis japonensis, by disturbing the reproductive behavior of adults such as copulation and oviposition. Diurnal ground spray for whole area application and foliar spray for single tree treatment were tested at day time during the period of adult emergence. The results obtained are as follows : 1. The population density of overwintering larvae in soil was not affected by the water spray during the adult emergence period. 2. Spraying the water showed no effect on the whole period and number of adult emergence, but retarded early emergence and facilitated Late emergence. The difference in the emerging time by 50% emergence day was approximately 7 days. 3. Ground spray was significantly different from control in gall formation rates but was not sufficient for effective control. As a single-tree treatment, the foliar spray was found to be highly effective for control of the pine needle gall midge, Average gall formation of spray plots and untreated ones were 2.6% and 38%, respectively ; control value exceeded 90%. 4. Ground spray of water was not effective in reducing larvae in gall of needle. Foliar spray, however, reduced 45% of larval numbers. 5. Foliar spray accelerated shoot growth by 15%-18%. 6. Foliar spray was highly effective for the control of sucking insects, such as mites and aphids on pine trees.