• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.1727-1732
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• 2007

Phenylacetic acid (PAA) is produced by many bacteria as an antifungal agent and also appears to be an environmentally toxic chemical. The object of this study was to detect PAA using Pseudomonas putida harboring a reporter plasmid that has a PAA-inducible promoter fused to a green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene. Pseudomonas putida KT2440 was used to construct a green fluorescent protein-based reporter fusion using the paaA promoter region to detect the presence of PAA. The reporter strain exhibited a high level of gfp expression in minimal medium containing PAA; however, the level of GFP expression diminished when glucose was added to the medium, whereas other carbon sources, such as succinate and pyruvate, showed no catabolic repression. Interestingly, overexpression of a paaF gene encoding PAA-CoA ligase minimized catabolic repression. The reporter strain could also successfully detect PAA produced by other PAA-producing bacteria. This GFP-based bioreporter provides a useful tool for detecting bacteria producing PAA.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.558-566
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• 2016

Biotic agents such as fumarate-reducing bacteria can be used for controlling methane (CH₄) production in the rumen. Fumarate-reducing bacteria convert fumarate to succinate by fumarate reductase, ultimately leading to the production of propionate. Fumarate-reducing bacteria in the genus Enterococcus were isolated from rumen fluid samples from slaughtered Korean native goats. The enterococci were identified as Enterococcus faecalis SROD5 and E. faecium SROD by phylogenetic analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences. The fumarate reductase activities of the SROD5 and SROD strains were 42.13 and 37.05 mM NADH oxidized/min/mg of cellular nitrogen (N), respectively. Supplementation of rumen fermentation in vitro with the SROD5 and SROD strains produced significantly higher propionate, butyrate, and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations than controls at 12 h; VFA concentrations tended to increase after 24 h of incubation. The generated CH₄ concentration was significantly lower in the SROD5 and SROD treatment groups after 24 h of incubation. These findings indicate that E. faecium SROD has potential as a direct-fed microbial additive for increasing total VFAs while decreasing CH₄ production in rumen fermentation in vitro.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.710-716
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• 2016

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a non-protein amino acid, which is an important inhibitor of neurotransmission in the human brain. GABA is also used as the precursor of biopolymer Nylon-4 production. In this study, the carbon flux from the tricarboxylic acid cycle was directed to the GABA shunt pathway for the production of GABA from glucose. The GABA shunt enzymes succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (GabD) and GABA aminotransferase (GabT) were co-localized along with the GABA transporter (GadC) by using a synthetic scaffold complex. The co-localized enzyme scaffold complex produced 0.71 g/l of GABA from 10 g/l of glucose. Inactivation of competing metabolic pathways in mutant E. coli strains XBM1 and XBM6 increased GABA production 13% to reach 0.80 g/l GABA by the enzymes co-localized and expressed in the mutant strains. The recombinant E. coli system developed in this study demonstrated the possibility of the pathway of the GABA shunt as a novel GABA production pathway.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.672-678
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• 2013

Although the basalt fiber has superior fire-resistance and chemical resistance, it has many disadvantages in its applications. Generally, the tensile and loop strengths of basalt fiber were decreased with generated frictional heat during industial appplications. To solve this problem, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) coating system was introduced and a sutable coating condition was evaluated. The basalt fiber was pre-treated with triethoxytrifluoropropylsilane (TMTFPS) at various pHs and then coated with PTFE dispersions with penetrating agent sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfo succinate (DOS-Na) to increase the tensile and loop strengths as well as to reduce the fibril during working. A universial testing machine (Instron Model 3366) was used to measure tensile and loop strengths. When the PTFE dispersion with 0.25 wt% of DOS-Na was coated on the surface of basalt fiber after pre-treating with 5 wt% of PTFE, the highest tensile and loop strengths were reached to 3.5 gf/D and 2.4 gf/D, respectively.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.1805-1810
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• 2007

Purple nonsulfur bacteria were isolated from river sediments and their growth promoting capabilities on tomato were examined. Isolated strains KL9 and BL6 were identified as Rhodopseudomonas spp. by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. Rhodopseudomonas strain KL9 maximally produced 5.56 mM/min/mg protein and $67.2\;{\mu}M/min/mg$ protein of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), respectively, which may be one of the mechanisms of plant growth enhancement. The germination percentage of tomato seed, total length, and dry mass of germinated tomato seedling increased by 30.2%, 71.1%, and 270.8%, respectively, compared with those of the uninoculated control 7 days after inoculation of strain KL9. The lengths of the root and shoot of germinated seedling treated with 3 mM tryptophan, a precursor of IAA, increased by 104.4% and 156.5%, respectively, 7 days after inoculation of strain KL9. Rhodopseudomonas KL9 increased 123.5% and 54% of the root and shoot lengths of germinated seedling, respectively, treated with 15 mM glycine and succinate, precursors of ALA. This plant growth promoting capability of purple nonsulfur bacteria may be a candidate for a biofertilizer in agriculture.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.129-135
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• 1991

To investigate on the trace element content of twelve edible mushrooms and Aloe arborescens, i. e., Lentinus edodes, Ganoderma lucidum (culturing in wood and soil), Tricholoma matsutake, Agaricus bisporus, Cyrophora esculenta, Auricularia auricula-Jude (produced in Korea and China), Sarcodon asparatus, Pleurotus ostreatus, Coriolus versicolor, Smilax rotundifolia and Aloe arborescerts were analyzed by Atomic absorption spectrometer. The obtained results were summerized as follows: 1. Potassium, sodium, magnesium and iron content for the most part samples were in large quantities, especially phosphorus content of those was highest ammount for the all samples. 2. Sodium content was much ammount in the Lentinus edodes (39mg) and Ganoderma lucidurn (20 mg), Culturing in wood and soil, while potassium was very high ammount in the Aloe arborescens and other samples. Mush ammount of magnesium as compared with others was Lentinus edodes (144mg), Ganoderma lucidurn (128mg), Aloe arborescerts (50mg) and pleurotus ostreatus (60mg). Phosphorus content of Ganoderma lucidurn, Lentinus edodes, Gyrophora esculenta, Auricularia polytricha and Agaricus bisporus was much ammount while iron content of all samples equality higher ammount. Sodium content of Aloe arborescens was not analyzed out for almost all, its potassium (82mg), magnesium (50mg) and iron (18rng) content comparatively higher quentity than others minerals and phosphorus volume (4.9mg) as compared with others, was conspicuously lower detect. 4. Cadimium and lead content of harmful metal element were detected on trace quentity for the most part samples 5. Organic acids of samples i.e., Legtinus edodes, Agaricus bisporus, Pleurotus ostreatus and Ganoderma lucidum were Citrate, Malate, Fumalate, Succinate, Oxalate, Acetate, Lactate, and Tartarate and Citrate, Malate and Fumarate contents were higher amount remarkbly than other organic acids. Tartarate content was trace amount.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.45 no.8
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• pp.1033-1037
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• 2002

Doxylamine is an antihistamine of the ethanolamine class. It is used primarily as a sleep-inducing agent. Clinicians should be aware of the complications in rhabdomyolysis patients who ingest doxylamine succinate and over-the-counter antihistamines. The easy availability of these substances increases the potential not only of intentional overdose by adults but also of inadvertent ingestion by children. Prompt intervention and careful assessment of renal function, urinary output, and serum creatine kinase levels may represent the difference between an uncomplicated and acute renal failure. Recognition of the potential for rhabdomyolysis and institution of vigorous treatment may prevent acute renal failure in patients who have taken an overdose of the drug. A 14-year-old male was found to have hematuria and oliguria. Evaluation of the patient revealed myoglobinuria, and a creatine kinase(CK) level of 117,563 IU/L. He was recovered by massive fluid administration, urine alkalization and mannitol infusion. We report a case of a suicide attempt in a child where ingestion of the doxylamine complicated by non-traumatic rhabdomyolysis with brief review related literatures.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.6669-6672
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• 2013

Colon cancer (CRC) is a serious health problem throughout the world. Development of novel drugs without side effects for this cancer is crucial. Luteolin (LUT), a bioflavonoid, has many beneficial effects such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative potential. was a potent chemical carcinogen used for the induction of colon cancer. Colon carcinogenesis was initiated by intraperitoneal injection of azoxymethane (AOM) to mice at the dose of 15 mg/body kg weight in Balb/C mice for 3 weeks. Mice were treated with LUT at the dose of 1.2 mg/body kg weight orally. Mitochondrial enzymes such as isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH), ${\alpha}$-keto dehydrogenase (${\alpha}$-KDH), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and the activities of respiratory chain enzymes NADH dehydrogenase and cytochrome c oxidase were found to be elevated in AOM-treated animals. Treatment with LUT decreased the activities of all the parameters significantly. Hence, LUT might be a potent anticancer agent against colorectal cancer.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.17-24
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• 1982

This studies were conducted to investigate the changes of saponin pattern, pH and organic acid contents of malt wort added ginseng components during alcoholic fermentation by Sacch. uvarum. The results are as follows. Saponin patterns of fermented wort were same as that of the non- fermented wort, but the weight of former was decreased comparing to that of the latter. pH value of fermented wort contained 0.1∼0.5% of ginseng extract were almost same as that of control(PH 4.23). Lactate, pyruvate, succinate and fumarate, pyroglutarate and citrate contents of the fermented wort were increased by the addition of ginseng extract and pyruvate content, particularly, was increased from 28.4 to 214mg/100 ml while that of control was 33.2mg/100m1. Citrate content of fermented wort contained ginseng saponin was almost same as control (37. 5mg/100m1) . But pyruvate content was tower 4-8.6mg/100m1 than that of control(33.2mg/100m1) .

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.247-251
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• 2008

Degradation behavior in the seawater of Tongyeong, Incheon, Kunsan and Hongsung was explored for Mater-Bi$^{(R)}$, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxy valerate) (PHBV), poly(butylene succinate-co-butylene adipate) (PBSA) and polycaprolactone (PCL) which can eventually be used for various fishery tools. Acinetobacter lwoffu/junii and Shewanella algae/putrefaciens inhabited all the seawater samples. Eikenella corrodens was also detected in all the seawater samples, although identified with poor confidence by VITEK system. Mater-Bi$^{(R)}$ was degraded faster than PHBV, PBSA and PCL in the seawater in contradiction to the degradation behavior in soil environment. The seawater retrieved from Incheon exhibited the most elevated activity for the plastic degradation, which may be partly ascribed to the largest number of total viable counts.