• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.410-417
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• 2018

본 연구의 목적은 간호학생을 대상으로 노인 학대에 대한 인식, 주관적 규범과 지각된 행위통제를 조사하고 노인 학대에 대한 태도에 어떠한 요인이 영향을 미치는지 확인하는 것이다. 연구대상자는 G도에 소재하는 D대학과 S대학 간호학과에 재학 중인 학생 404명이었으며, 자료수집은 2017년 11월 20일부터 1월 26일까지 설문지를 통해 이루어졌다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS/WIN 22.0 통계 프로그램을 이용하여 기술통계, 독립표본 T검증(Independent t-test), 분산분석(ANOVA), 피어슨 상관계수(Pearson's correlation coefficient)와 단계적 회귀분석(stepwise regression)을 이용하였다. 연구결과 4점 척도를 이용하여 노인 학대에 대한 인식은 3.60점, 주관적 규범은 2.69점, 지각된 행위통제와 태도는 각각 2.62점, 2.97점이었으며, 노인 학대에 대한 인식, 주관적 규범, 지각된 행위통제와 태도 모두 노인 간호와 관련된 과목의 교육여부에 의해 유의한 차이를 보였다. 노인 학대에 대한 인식, 주관적 규범, 지각된 행위통제와 태도는 유의한 정적 상관관계를 보였으며, 노인 학대에 대한 태도에 영향을 주는 요인은 노인 학대에 대한 인식(${\beta}=.185$, p<.001), 주관적 규범(${\beta}=.167$, p=.005), 지각된 행위통제(${\beta}=.161$, p=.007)와 학년(${\beta}=-.103$, p=.038)이었다. 본 연구결과를 토대로 노인 학대를 접했을 때 적극적 개입을 위한 인식, 주관적 규범, 지각된 행위통제를 높이는 것이 필요하고, 이를 위해 노인 간호와 관련된 과목을 교육하는 것이 중요하며, 나아가 노인 학대와 관련된 교육프로그램 개발을 제안하는 바이다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.65-84
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• 2014

This study was performed to explore the factors that affect the debt-reuse intention of defaulters. The focus of this study is on defaulters who used debt for stock investment. Debt-usage differences were considered since they had different psychological backgrounds. A total of 712 self-administered questionnaires (stock=131 and no-stock=581) were analyzed using SPSS. The major findings were as follows : First, the level of perceived behavioral control was the highest and the level of attitudes toward using debt was the lowest among the psychological factors in both groups. Second, perceived behavioral control was different according to age and income. No such significant association was found in attitudes toward using debt, subjective norms and behavioral intention in the stock group. Third, behavioral intention was explained by attitudes toward using debt and subjective norms in the stock group. However, in the no-stock group, behavioral intention was explained by attitudes toward using debt, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control. These findings have important pragmatical meaning in that they show the determinants of debt reuse by stock investment defaulters.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.1011-1017
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• 2021

An effective measure to prevent the spread of COVID-19 is wearing masks in public places. This solution is highly recommended in many countries all over the world. The objective of this study is to identify the antecedents of citizens' intention to purchase masks during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB), the current study analyzes attitudes toward mask-purchasing, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control, to assess their impact on intention to purchase masks. In total, six variables are examined: attitude toward mask-wearing, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, and the intention to wear masks. Data are collected from 243 respondents in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. They were processed through by factor analysis and multiple regressions. The results report that all three factors positively affect citizens' intention to buy masks in the following ascending order: Attitude toward mask-purchasing, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. Our study is the first research that applies TPB to investigate citizens' intention to purchase masks to during the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, this study provides guidelines to the Vietnamese public managers to combat COVID-19 through the purchase of masks. Shopkeepers would be well advised to observe the intentions of consumers toward masks.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.196-206
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify health belief, subjective norms, social stigma, and sense of community affecting COVID-19 preventive behaviors among college students, and provide basic data for the development of preventive programs to improve COVID-19 preventive behaviors. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional study design. The study recruited a total of 170 college students, through an online survey from three online communities which are mostly used by college students. Data were collected from July 24 to August 9, 2021. The SPSS 21.0 program was used to analyze the data using simple multiple regression. Results: In simple multiple regression, the perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits and subjective norms were found to have a significant association with COVID-19 preventive behaviors of college students. These variables explained the 55.1% variance in COVID-19 preventive behaviors of college students (p<.001). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, and subjective norms were significant factors affecting COVID-19 preventive behaviors of college students. Based on the results of this study, it is expected to develop COVID-19 preventive programs and strategies that increase perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, and subjective norms to improve the COVID-19 preventive behaviors of college students.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.67-75
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• 2021

Purpose: The theory of planned behavior (TPB) was used to investigate how the psychological constructs of attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control (PBC) affect the individual intention of behaviors in adults. Social support is also important in enabling the stability of healthy eating. This study examined the relationship between three major constructs of TPB as well as social support and the intention of healthy dietary behaviors in adults residing in Beijing, China using the extended TPB. Methods: The study questionnaire was based on previously validated items and an online survey was conducted from October to November 2020. Using a total of 244 Chinese adults in Beijing, multiple linear regression analysis was used to test the relationships between three major constructs of TPB as well as the social support and intention of healthy eating. Results: Among the three major constructs of TPB, subjective norms (p = 0.044) and PBC (p = 0.000) were significantly related to the behavioral intention of healthy eating (p = 0.000), and the model explained 76.6% of the variance of the behavioral intention from the three constructs of TPB included in the multiple linear regression model. The additional inclusion of social support to the model did not increase the explanatory power of the model to describe the behavioral intention of healthy eating. The subjective norms (p = 0.040) and PBC (p = 0.000) were still significant where social support did not explain the variance of the behavioral intention adequately. Conclusion: The subjective norms and PBC may be potential determinants of the behavioral intention of healthy eating in adults residing in Beijing, China. These study results can be used to promote healthy eating in Chinese adults living in urban areas. Large-scale intervention studies will be needed to determine if social norms and PBC predict the actual behaviors of healthy eating in Chinese adults.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2003

This study was designed to explain the intentions and consumption of dairy foods among university female students. The factors related to intentions of consumption or actual consumption of dairy foods were identified within the theory of planned behavior. The survey questionnaire, developed using open-ended questions (n=35) , was administered to university female students (n:184) Subjects completed information regarding attitudes, subjective norms, perceived control, intentions and consumption of dairy foods. Correlation analysis and multiple regression were used to study the association of factors with intentions and consumption of dairy foods. Subjects showed relatively low intention to consume dairy foods (-0.4 $\pm$ 1.6 from a scale of -4-14). They ate 1.2 $\pm$ 0.9 servings of dairy foods a day and 52.2% of subjects had less than a serving a day, showing inadequate consumption of dairy foods. All three factors, attitudes, subjective norms and perceived control were significantly correlated to the intentions to take dairy foods regularly (r : 0.26-0.27) . Multiple regression results, however, revealed that subjective norms (p < 0.01) and perceived control (p < 0.05) contributed to the model of explaining intentions, while attitudes did not (model $R^2$ : 0.154) . To predict and explain actual consumption of dairy foods, two regression models were examined. In the first model, perceived control was significant in predicting dairy foods consumption, while attitudes and subjective norms were not. In the second model, intentions and perceived control were significantly related to actual consumption of dairy foods, providing the empirical evidence of the theory (model $R^2$: 0.121) These results suggest that perceived control was significant in explaining actual behavior as well as intentions. This study suggests that nutrition education to increase dairy foods consumption for young adults should focus on increasing perception of control and eliciting social support from respected others.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.322-331
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• 2023

본 연구는 간호대학생의 표준주의 지식과 표준주의 수행과의 관계에서 주관적 규범의 매개효과를 규명하기 위해 시행되었다. 연구의 대상자는 J도에 소재한 3개 대학교의 임상실습을 완료한 4학년 간호학과 재학생 195명이다. 수집된 자료로 SPSS 25.0 프로그램을 이용하여 t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation 및 multiple regression을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 주관적 규범은 표준주의 지식과 표준주의 수행 사이에서 부분매개효과를 나타냈고, 표준주의 수행을 설명하는 설명력(R²)은 35%이었다. 따라서 간호대학생의 표준주의 수행을 촉진하기 위해서는 표준주의 지식 함양 및 이를 통해 주관적 규범을 유도할 수 있는 효과적 전략 마련이 필요하다.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.99-108
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between subjective happiness and social capital. The data for the analysis were collected via the questionnaire survey method, from October 29 to November 10, 2013. The sample consisted of 338 residents, living in Seoul and Gyeonggi-Do province. Social capital is composed of the social network, social trust and social norms. The social network is composed of the satisfaction of one's social relations, and the degree of social interaction. Social trust is composed of the trust in ones's neighbors and the local community. Social norms are composed of reciprocity, participation and a sense of belonging and solidarity. The findings of this study were as follows: 1) The average for subjective happiness was 3.82 points, over neutral. In particular, the subjective happiness of people over 50 years old was highest. 2) The social network, social trust, and social norms were related to the subjective happiness.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제33권8호
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• pp.833-839
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate sodium consumption and related psychosocial factors among hypertensive patients and normal adults through questionnaire development. The Theory of Planned Behavior provided the basis for the study. The mean blood pressure of subjects was 117. 1 mmHg/78.55mgHg in normal adults(N-218), 159.65mmHg/102.05mmHg(systolic/diastolic) in hypertensive group(N=219) and the sodium consumption was 5219.4${\pm}$1821.3mg in normal adults and 4631.4${\pm}$1749.1mg in hypertensive group. The results of Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the odds of being hypetensive group were increasd as subjects felt that dalty food (OR=1.5) (OR=0.8). The odds of beign hypertensive group increased as subject received more support. With respect to perceived control, the odds of being hypertensive group were increased as subjects felt more confident in contolling salty intake when spouse likes to take salty food(OR=1.4). In contrast, subjects felt less confident in contolling sodium consumption when they took medicine(OR=0.8). Study findings revealed that all three factors, attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived control contributed to the model for explaining intentions, with subjective norms being most important. This findings provided the empirical evidence for the TPB in explaining salt intake. This study suggest that educational interventions for hypertension patients focus on changing sodium consumption through changing attitude toward high sodium consumption, subjective norms, perceived control over reducing sodium consumption of specific situations, specially subjective norms and perceived control. In addition, interventions may include strategies to change attitudes toward sodium consumption by helping hypertensive patients realize negative beliefs and modifying positive beliefs and to elicit and maintain subjective norm from doctors, family and neighbors, and to increase control beliefs for reducing sodium consumption.(Korean J Nutrition 33(8) : 833-839, 2000)

• 유통과학연구
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.25-38
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• 2020

Purpose: Traditional markets have served as important locations for social-cultural and economic activities. It is a hub of economic transactions and where people gather and exchange information and goods, while also serving as the center of social activities, including commercial exchanges. Accordingly, this study aimed to contribute to the studies on the perceived value in traditional markets for customers in different aspects. Research design, data, and methodology: To analyze the proposed model, data was collected from 456 respondents and analyzed with SPSS 21.0 and AMOS 21.0. The data was analyzed with structural equation modeling (SEM) using path analysis. Results: According to the results of the analysis, the perceived value comprises utilitarian value, emotional value, economic value, and social value, all of which had a positive impact on attitude. Emotional value and social value had a positive impact on subjective norms, while utilitarian value and economic value did not have an impact on subjective norms. Also, attitudes and subjective norms were found to have a positive impact on behavioral intention. Conclusions: Through this study, the value that the traditional markets need to provide to consumers have been identified. Traditional markets should develop into places that can provide value for their consumers.