• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.246-252
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• 2020

본 연구는 제15차(2019년) 청소년 건강행태 조사의 원시자료를 이용하여, 우리나라 다문화 청소년들의 건강 위험 행동들이 주관적인 구강 증상에 미치는 위험요인을 조사하였다. 다문화 가족 범위는 한국인 여성과 결혼한 이주 남성 가족, 한국인 남성과 결혼한 이주 여성 가족의 자녀로 한정 지었으며, 572명을 연구 대상자로 최종 선정하였다. 연구 도구는 사회경제학적 변수로는 성별, 학년, 경제 수준, 학교 성적이 조사되었으며, 건강위험 행태로는 음주, 흡연, 약물 복용, 스트레스, 수면 만족, 자살 생각, 우울 경험, 취침 전 잇솔질 여부가 조사되었고 구강 증상으로는 치아 통증, 잇몸 통증, 입 냄새 여부가 조사되었다. 연구 결과, 치아 통증은 음주, 취침 전 잇솔질, 스트레스, 수면시간, 자살 생각, 우울 경험 여부와 관련성을 나타냈으며, 잇몸 통증은 약물복용, 수면, 자살 생각, 우울 경험에서 관련성을 나타냈다. 그리고, 구취는 약물복용, 취침 전 잇솔질, 스트레스, 자살 생각, 우울 요인과 관련성을 보였다. 건강위험 요인이 구강 증상에 미치는 요인으로는 치아 통증은 음주, 스트레스, 수면시간이 위험요인으로 나타났다. 잇몸 통증은 흡연, 수면, 자살이 위험요인으로 나타났다. 구취는 취침 전 잇솔질 여부와 스트레스가 위험요인으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 청소년들의 구강 건강 증진을 위해 국가 차원의 방과 후 활동이나, 동아리 활동 등의 시간에 구강보건교육 프로그램을 지원하는 정책 제도 마련이 필요하다.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.14-19
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• 2011

Purpose: The aim of our study was to evaluate natural recovery of neurologic injury after minor dental surgery based on subjective neurologic evaluation. Materials and Methods: From December 2005 through July 2009, 30 patients from Seoul National University Bundang Hospital were identified as having been treated with minor dental surgery. The patients were composed of 12 men and 18 women, with a mean age of 50.6 years. The median duration of this study was 62 weeks. Results: The patients were treated by implants (17 cases), tooth extractions (6 cases), bone grafts (4 cases), inferior alveolar nerve transpositions (2 cases) and periodontal surgery (1 case) prior to the occurrence of altered sensation. Areas of altered sensation after minor surgery included the lip (36.7%), chin (30.0%) and tooth (21.7%), and at final follow-up, there was no change of ranking. Altered sensations expressed by patients included numbness (33.3%), discomfort (22.9%), relieving sense (14.6%), tingling (14.6%) and itching (14.6%). There was no change of ranking of altered sensation at the last follow-up. Patients experienced the altered sensation always (47.8%), during tactile stimulation (26.1%), when chewing food (13.0%), and talking (13.0%). Mean visual analogue scale (VAS) was $3.43{\pm}2.84$ for pain and $6.64{\pm}2.72$ for paresthesia. VAS of pain was decreased significantly between the first visit and the end of follow-up, and paresthesia also showed a significant difference. Conclusion: Altered sensations may occur at any time after minor dental surgery, but we observed that natural recovery of altered sensation occurred as time went on.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.35-50
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• 2001

The purposes of this study were to investigate the therapeutic effects of an early exercise program after mastectomy and to provide the early exercise program protocol for patients who had undergone mastectomy. The subjects were seventy women who were diagnosed with breast cancer. They were randomly as signed either to a experimental group (n=35) that received early postoperative exercise program or to a control group (n=35) that received only education by nurses. Data were obtained for each patient from goniometric measurements of shoulder flexion, abduction, external rotation, 10 elements of functional performance, and subjective pain evaluation using visual analogue scale (VAS). All variables were measured preoperatively, three days postoperatively, and one month postoperatively. Data were compared by groups using independent t-test and Mann-Whitney U test for parametric or non-parametric data, respectively. There were no significant differences between the groups for all variables preoperatively and at three days postoperatively. But there were significant differences at one month postoperatively. The experimental group showed a statistically significant increases in shoulder flexion, abduction, and external rotation and in the pain VAS at one month postoperatively (p<.05). Also, at one month postoperatively, the experimental group had less difficulty with three elements of functional performance-doing up a 'back' zippered article of clothing, reaching the ipsilateral scapula, and contralateral scapula with the fingers on the operated side-than the control group (p<.05). The results of this study suggest that, after mastectomy, the early exercise program conducted by a well-trained physical therapist can make a significant contribution to the return of more normal shoulder function and activities of daily living and to an increased quality of life.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.283-288
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• 2015

Objective : This study aims to visualize the subjective symptoms before and after the treatment of whiplash injury using infrared (IR) thermography. Methods : IR thermography was performed for 42 patients who were diagnosed with whiplash injury. There were 19 male and 23 female patients. The mean age was 43.12 years. Thermal differences (${\Delta}T$) in the neck and shoulder and changes in the thermal differences (${\Delta}dT$) before and after treatment were analyzed. Pain after injury was evaluated using visual analogue scale (VAS) before and after treatment (${\Delta}VAS$). The correlations between ${\Delta}dT$ and ${\Delta}VAS$ results before and after the treatment were examined. We used Digital Infrared Thermal Imaging equipment of Dorex company for IR thermography. Results : The skin temperature of the neck and shoulder immediately after injury showed $1-2^{\circ}C$ hyperthermia than normal. After two weeks, the skin temperature was normal range. ${\Delta}T$ after immediately injuy was higher than normal value, but it was gradually near the normal value after two weeks. ${\Delta}dT$ before and after treatment were statistically significant (p<0.05). VAS of the neck and shoulder significantly reduced after 2 week (p=0.001). Also, there was significant correlation between ${\Delta}dT$ and reduced ${\Delta}VAS$ (the neck; r=0.412, p<0.007) (the shoulder; r=0.648, p<0.000). Conclusion : The skin temperature of sites with whiplash injury is immediately hyperthermia and gradually decreased after two weeks, finally it got close to normal temperature. These were highly correlated with reduced VAS. IR thermography can be a reliable tool to visualize the symptoms of whiplash injury and the effectiveness of treatment in clinical settings.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.432-441
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• 2013

Objectives Despite the treatment with antibiotics, patients with sepsis has a high mortality (80%) in the underlying disease group. The aim of this study was to report the improvement of septic condition of the cholangiocarcinoma patient after the treatment with Handayeolso-tang, Fel Tauri, and antibiotics. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records. The patient's subjective symptoms such as chilling and abdominal pain were evaluated by NRS and the performance status was evaluated by ECOG. This case was literally compared with relevant published studies on prognosis of sepsis. Results Despite poor prognostic factor(MEDS score 18), the patient's symptoms such as fever, chilling, abdominal pain, and diarrhea and ECOG(Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group) improved. The patient was hemodynamically stabilized on 3rd day from the treatment, and her laboratory test results were normalized on 7th day. Conclusions A female patient of metastatic cholangiocarcinoma came to the hospital for cholangitis, later causing septic shock. Both her symptoms and laboratory tests showed significant improvement after the treatment of antibiotics, Handayeolso-tang and Fel Tauri. To our knowledge, this is the first case reporting the synergistic combination of Korean oriental medicine and Western medicine approaching to sepsis.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.687-694
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• 2012

Objective: This study aims to survey the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders(MSD) among Korean hospital workers and to analyze the relationship of MSD symptoms and workload perceived by workers. Background: Despite of high exposure to the MSD risk factors and high MSD symptom prevalence among health care workers, there were not enough studies of MSD prevalence among the hospital workers. Method: This study designed a survey based on Nordic questionnaire to obtain MSD symptoms and the degree of four perceived workloads: work repetition, urgency, physical exertion and satisfaction. In this survey, 1,846 workers in a hospital participated. The prevalence of MSD was analyzed for each body part, and MSD cases, which were predetermined in this study, were identified. The relationship between the MSD cases and each perceived workload was analyzed using chi-square test. Results: The pain in the shoulder was the most prevalent among the workers as 52%, and the low back(37%) and leg discomfort(36%) followed. The MSD cases, in which degree of pain was more than severe, were also the most prevalent in the shoulder(13%). Female workers had higher rate of MSD cases than the males. Among the four workload variables, the physical exertion was the statistically related to MSD cases for all the body parts. In addition, the others also had significant relation to MSD cases except one or two body parts. Conclusion: This study found that Korean hospital workers had MSD symptoms mainly in the shoulder, low back and legs in order, and the perceived workload surveyed in this study was highly correlated with MSD symptoms. Application: This study provides another evidence that subjective physical exertion perceived by workers is an important factor to explain MSD cases as same as the objective one.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.72-80
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• 2017

Purpose: Pilocarpine as a salivation stimulant in pill form has mostly been used to relieve oral dryness for xerostomic patients but its use may often be limited due to variable side effects from systemic absorption. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of pilocarpine mouthwash on salivation according to the variable concentration and duration for healthy volunteers. Related adverse effects and subjective assessment on its effects on salivation were also examined. Methods: This study was performed as placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized clinical trial. Thirty healthy volunteers (male=23, mean age=22.2 years) were randomly allocated to 6 groups with the different concentration of pilocarpine mouthwash (placebo, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0%). The whole experiment consisted of 3 sessions according to the duration of mouthwash, i.e., 1, 3, and 5 minutes with the mean wash-out period ${\geq}2$ days between the sessions. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected before and after gargling with a mouthwash. Results: Salivation of the higher concentration groups ${\geq}1%$ significantly increased than those of lower concentration group. The application period of mouthwash did not cause any changes of salivary flow rate at the higher concentrations ${\geq}1.0%$. The lower concentrations of 0.5% and 0.1% had no effects on salivation even after 5-minute mouthwash. There was no significant difference between blood pressure and pulse rate before and after use of mouthwash. Conclusions: From the results of the current study, pilocarpine mouthwash with at least 1.0% concentration more than a minute might be clinically effective in salivation without any serious side effects. Dose of mouthwash rather than duration seems to be a critical factor to salivation.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.41-51
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• 2000

This study was performed to investigate the effect of three modalities commonly used for reduction of oral malodor and to review the contributing factors for halitosis. For this study, 45 subjects of good general health in their third decades were selected, and they were divided into three groups by each modality, that is, tongue scraping, $ZnCl_2$ mouth rinse, and periodontal treatment. Subjective sense of halitosis, diets, Oral hygiene index based on tooth brushing and tongue brushing habit, resting salivary flow rate, gingival index, degree of tongue coating were recored in the Halito-Chart designed by the author. Oral malodor converted from volatile sulfur compound was measured by the Halimeter$^{(R)}$(Interscan Co., USA), and the correlation between the oral factors and pre-treatment halimeter score were analysed. Data obtained were analysed by the SPSS windows program and the results of this study were as follows : 1. There were no significant correlation between oral factors such as oral hygiene index, salivary flow rate, gingival index, degree of tongue coating and pre-treatment halimeter score. 2. Difference between pre- and post-treatment halimeter score by the three modalities were significant, but correlation between pre- and post-treatment score within group was most significant in the periodontal treatment group followed by the tongue scraping group and lowest in the $ZnCl_2$ mouth rinse group. 3. Reduction of halimeter score was significant only in subjects with relatively more tongue coating in the tongue scraping group, but in the $ZnCl_2$ mouth rinse group and in the periodontal treatment group, the modality applied to each group had same significant effects without regard to the degree of oral hygiene index or gingival index. 4. Men had more tongue coating than women, and reduction of halimeter score was significant in men, but not in women.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.387-396
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• 1999

구취를 주소로 내원한 환자 중 구취의 치료 후 객관적인 구취의 감소가 인정되는 데도 불구하고, 계속해서 구취를 호소하며 만족해 하지 못하는 환자들의 심리적 특성을 알아보고자 하였다. 구취를 주소로 서울대학교 치과병원 구강진단과 구취클리닉에 내원하여 검사 및 치료를 시행한 환자 중, 치료 전 객관적 구취의 소견을 보였으나, 치료 후 할리미터 수치의 객관적인 감소를 보이는 40명의 구취 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 치료 전, 모든 환자들은 자신의 주관적 구취 심도 및 그로 인한 불편감 정도를 표시하였고, 간이정신진단검사 (SCL-90-R)를 시행하였으며 할리미터를 이용하여 구강내 휘발성황화합물의 농도를 측정하였다. 치료 후, 구강내 휘발성황화합물의 농도, 주관적 구취 심도 및 불편감 정도를 재측정하였다. 주관적 구취 심도의 감소 정도에 따라 환자들을 두 군으로 분류하여 할리미터 수치와 불편감 정도 및 간이정신진단검사항목을 비교, 분석하였다; A군-주관적 구취 심도가 평균값 이상으로 감소한 환자군; B군-주관적 구취 심도가 평균값 이하로 감소한 환자군. 1. 치료 전후 모두에서 주관적 구취 심도와 휘발성황화합물 농도 사이에는 유의한 상관관계가 없었으며 주관적 구취 심도의 감소 정도 또한 휘발성황화합물의 감소 정도와 상관관계가 없었다. 2. 치료 전 휘발성황화합물의 농도는 치료 후 휘발성황화합물의 감소치와 유의한 상관관계를 보였다 (p < 0.01). 3.구취로 인한 불편감 정도는 주관적 구취 심도와 유의한 상관관계를 보였으며 (p < 0.01), 치료 후 A군에서는 유의하게 감소 (p < 0.01) 하였으나, B군에서는 유의한 감소를 보이지 않았다. 4. B군은 A군에 비하여 간이정신진단검사 항목 중 대인예민성과 우울증의 항목에서 유의하게 높은 수치를 보였다 (p < 0.05).

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.2-9
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical and radiographic features of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis (OA) between adolescents and middle-old aged patients. Methods: The subjects were chosen among the patients who presented to the Department of Oral Medicine of Pusan National University Hospital and were diagnosed with TMJ OA by clinical exam, X-ray and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) from 2010 to 2011. We investigated 93 adolescent patients (12-19 years) and 53 middle-old aged (>45 years) patients who observed the erosive bony changes in TMJ. CBCT scans were retaken at intervals at an average of 8 months. Results: The adolescent patients showed unilateral degenerative changes more often, and the middle-old aged patients showed degenerative changes more frequently on both sides. The transition of bone changes to the improved group occurred most commonly in both the adolescent and middle-old aged patients. The adolescent patients were more likely to improve than middle-old aged patients. In the adolescent patients, loss of erosion and subjective symptoms occurred in shorter periods than in the middle-old aged patients. In the adolescent patients, the transition of erosion was distributed into proliferative, normal, and shortening in order. In the middle-old aged patients, the transition of erosion was distributed into shortening, proliferative, and normal in order. Conclusions: The clinical and radiographic features of TMJ OA are a significantly different between the adolescent and middle-old aged patients. Moreover, the difference by age of the adaptive and regenerative capacity of TMJ affects the prognosis of TMJ OA and adolescent patients have a better prognosis after treatment.