• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.14 no.5 s.52
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• pp.106-113
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• 2005

New images percolate through human consciousness by the media such as movies, TV programs, and brilliant advertisements. These images reproduce new ' things ' throughout the ' semantic processes ' by those who experience and recognize them. Alvin Toffler describes it as the ' information bomb ' and ' image fragments ' in his talk about the new paradigm of information-oriented era. The increasing number of images and their accelerating rate of appearance imply that images become more momentary, and are evidence that they are transforming entire human life and consciousness. Such awareness means a lot to a designer. Especially, the subject that how modern space-dominating images are related to the structure and materials constituting the space and communicate with human mind will be an important factor in establishing the human-space relationship in the future. Furthermore, the present age overspread with various medium is not the only one privileged of the images that exist within space. They are the results of continuous expansion of existing images, and also process of evolution of space powered by the fusion of images and digital media. Imagified space is a boundary layer of Cyberspace, and the space itself becomes an interface by human recognition and participation. Now, the functional classification of spaces such as ' office, ' ' cafe, ' and ' school ' is meaningless. Whatever it may be, the function of a space is defined by the information it interfaces, and therefore it becomes an interface to information through a large number of images. Based on this idea, we will observe the imagificaiton of space in the form of discussion, and from that, try to understand the phenomenon through the real world examples.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.30
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• pp.12.1-12.7
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• 2015

Objectives In South Korea, health insurance data are used as material for the health insurance of national whole subject. In general, health insurance data could be useful for estimating prevalence or incidence rate that is representative of the actual value in a population. The purpose of this study was to apply the concept of episode of care (EoC) in the utilization of health insurance data in the field of environmental epidemiology and to propose an improved methodology through an uncertainty assessment of disease course and outcome. Methods In this study, we introduced the concept of EoC as a methodology to utilize health insurance data in the field of environmental epidemiology. The characterization analysis of the course and outcome of applying the EoC concept to health insurance data was performed through an uncertainty assessment. Results The EoC concept in this study was applied to heat stroke (International Classification of Disease, 10th revision, code T67). In the comparison of results between before and after applying the EoC concept, we observed a reduction in the deviation of daily claims after applying the EoC concept. After that, we categorized context, model, and input uncertainty and characterized these uncertainties in three dimensions by using uncertainty typology. Conclusions This study is the first to show the process of constructing episode data for environmental epidemiological studies by using health insurance data. Our results will help in obtaining representative results for the processing of health insurance data in environmental epidemiological research. Furthermore, these results could be used in the processing of health insurance data in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.65-83
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• 2011

In this study, Network Text Analysis was performed on 1,752 articles which had been published in recent 7 years and drew the subject concept distribution and their relations in Library and Information Science research areas. Furthermore, for analyzing more recent trends and changing aspects, this study performed secondary analysis based on 482 articles published in recent 2 years. Results show that "public library", and "academic library" concepts were most frequently studied in the field and "evaluation", "education", and "web" concepts showed the highest-degree centrality during the recent 7 years. In the result of recent two years analysis, "web", and "classification" concepts showed high frequency and "user", and "public library" showed an improvement in high degree centrality.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.36 no.7
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• pp.769-776
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• 2003

This study has analyzed the association of physical activity and television watching time with obesity in 30-50 aged women from middle income town in Busan city area. Data were obtained using a questionnaire, including information about physical activity, TV watching time and health habit; social data regarding educational level and monthly income; family history of chronic condition. Height and weight were measured. Outcome variable was obesity, defined as a body mass index 25 kg/m$^2$ or greater. Odds ratios (OR) for obesity were estimated by multivariate logistic regression, and interpreted as a relative risk of obesity. The prevalence of obesity was 11.8%. The mean BMI of obese women was 26.9 kg/m$^2$. The OR of obesity was higher in subject of 40s than 30s. Subjects who had higher educational level presented lower OR than those of elementary or middle school education. Family income was not associated with obesity. Women having a family history of chronic condition had higher risk of obesity than those who did not have it. The OR was lower in active people at work (OR = 0.51; 95% CI = 0.26 - 0.98) than in inactive ones, and the ORs associated with regular exercise or activity at leisure time were not statistically different. However, subjects watching TV $\geq$ 3.5 hr/day showed higher OR (OR = 2.34; 95% CI = 1.16 - 4.74), compared with those watching TV $\geq$ 1.5 hr/day. Association of the joint classification of physical activity variables with obesity was estimated. The highest relative risk of 5.99 was in women in physically inactive at work and high category of TV watching ($\geq$ 3.5 hr/day). Even in women in active at work, the watching TV $\geq$ 3.5 hr/day made them have the high OR (OR = 2.44; 95% CI = 1.03 - 5.77). And at each time level of TV watching, the increasing activity level at work was associated with lower OR for obesity. These findings suggest that both TV watching time and physical activity at work were related to obesity in adult female, each with independent effects on obesity. TV watching time seems to be a significant factor that could partly evaluate the energy expenditure.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.433-441
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• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to develop a dish-based semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for Korean adolescents and evaluate its reproducibility and validity. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Based on 24-hour dietary recall data from the 4th Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), we developed a FFQ with 71 items. From a quota sample of 160 adolescents recruited using gender and age group as stratification variables, 153 participated in the complete data collection process. The FFQ was administered to each subject twice, at an interval of 3-4 weeks, to evaluate the test-retest reliability. The validity of the FFQ was assessed relative to 8-day food record data. RESULTS: The study findings demonstrated the FFQ's satisfactory reproducibility. Spearman correlation coefficients ranged from 0.64(for ${\beta}-carotene$) to 0.81(for protein). From cross-classification analyses, the proportion of subjects in the same intake quartile was highest for protein (65.4%) and lowest for vitamin A(47.1%). With regard to validity analysis, Spearman correlation coefficients ranged from 0.27(for vitamin A and fiber) to 0.90 (for energy). The proportions of subjects in the opposite categories between the first FFQ and the 8-day food record data were generally low within the range from 0.74% (for energy and carbohydrate) to 13.2% (for ${\beta}-carotene$). CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, the dish-based semiquantitative FFQ developed in this study can be useful for grouping Korean adolescents according to major macro- and micronutrient intakes with reasonable reproducibility and validity.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.103-114
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• 2014

This study intends to make a proposal the direction classification to develop the independent study of e-book's visualization. For this, we research into the e-book of Disney animation which achieved recognition in the literary value and amusement First of all, We grasp the meaning of the concept of e-book's aerial-image and perceptual principle. Next, We found the subject that starts the movement, and then observed the factor of the presentation to be possible to experience the actual spatial experience by the motion-produced cues. Through analysis process, We can classify the appearance elements, media, camera, and the readers' motion-produced cues into 13 parts and define as the codes. As we analysis the frequency of use of the analysis object, We separated it into the 46 combination exercises. According to the combination with the independent exercise, We separated them into 4 groups. There are the actual spatial experience, narrative spatial experience, the experience of characters. The basis for these, we can analyze the characteristics of the motion-produced cues. This study has the meaning of the expansion of e-book into the film language system by separating the e-book's narrative visualization type.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.129-136
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• 2017

The exoskeleton robot is a technology developed to be used in various fields such as military, industry and medical treatment. The exoskeleton robot works by sensing the movement of the wearer. By recognizing the wearer's daily activities, the exoskeleton robot can assist the wearer quickly and efficiently utilize the system. In this study, LDA, QDA, and kNN are used to classify gait types through kinetic data obtained from subjects. Walking was selected from general walking and stair walking which are mainly performed in daily life. Seven IMUs sensors were attached to the subject at the predetermined positions to measure kinematic factors. As a result, LDA was classified as 78.42%, QDA as 86.16%, and kNN as 87.10% ~ 94.49% according to the value of k.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.395-400
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• 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was identified in December 2019 in China and has spread globally, resulting in an ongoing pandemic. Because COVID-19 is spread mainly from person to person, every person is required to wear a facemask in public. On the other hand, many people are still not wearing facemasks despite official advice. This paper proposes a method to predict whether a human subject is wearing a facemask or not. In the proposed method, two eye regions are detected, and the mask region (i.e., face regions below two eyes) is predicted and extracted based on the two eye locations. For more accurate extraction of the mask region, the facial region was aligned by rotating it such that the line connecting the two eye centers was horizontal. The mask region extracted from the aligned face was fed into a convolutional neural network (CNN), producing the classification result (with or without a mask). The experimental result on 186 test images showed that the proposed method achieves a very high accuracy of 98.4%.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.294-299
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• 2009

The studies were conducted constantly to detect emerging technology, in order to make sustainable growth of business and to make development of future nations. But there were many controversies because definition of emerging technology might be dependent of the subject's viewpoint and because it might be different to a point of time that emerging technology is applied to the present or the future. This paper sets times of emerging technology to the present and defines emerging technology as patents significantly used in developing current technology. US Patents and patent citation data were gathered from 1976 to 2007. We constructed hot patents pools that were utilized actively in developing new technologies regardless of times. We built a mapping table from IPC classification code to WIPO 32 technology category and analysed a half-life cycle according to specific technology groups.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.41-51
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• 2003

Purpose : This descriptive study was performed to analyze the trends of nursing interventional studies in adult nursing area. Method : All interventional studies of 'Journal of Korean Academy of Adult Nursing Society', fifty three articles, from 1989 to 2000 were collected and reviewed Result : The research subject were patients in 38(66.7%) and 81.8% of researches was performed in hospital environment. There was only one true experimental design and most of articles(79.2%) were designed by quasi-experimental method Only 17% of articles have theoretical framework and 73.6% of articles described research hypotheses. The data collection methods for variables were as follows: Psychosocial measurement 60.8%, physiological measurement 25.7%, and observation 13.5%, respectively. Lecture(16.7%), audio-visual(16.7%), and book, pamphlet, or leaflets(13.6%) were the most frequently used instruments of the interventions. Behavioral domain(60.3%) and Physiological: Basic domain(29.3%) was the most common, when the interventions were classified by Nursing Intervention Classification. Physiological(50.8%) and psychosocial variables(49.2%) were the two major dependent variables. Conclusion : Considering the above results obtained, the nursing intervention studies in adult nursing area have been tested with quasi-experimental studies through clinical trials. For the development of clinical nursing practice and advancement of nursing theories, the amount of interventional studies should be increased and the quality of research methods refined more to develop nursing science and practice in adult nursing area.