• 유통과학연구
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.91-96
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• 2016

Purpose - Although various studies have been conducted on the stress of service employees, there are still lack of studies regarding job stress and job satisfaction of call center workers. Especially there are quite few studies on the job stress according to employment type. This study focused on job stress and job satisfaction for call center employees and the correlation between the two factors and aimed to provide basic materials for seeking for the plans to reduce job stress and improve job satisfaction. Research design, data, and methodology - Frequency, percentage, and mean value were calculated through descriptive statistics in order to find out demographic characteristics, level of job stress, and job satisfaction. Differences in job stress according to employment type were calculated by using one-way ANOVA. Correlation between job stress and job satisfaction were identified through empirical analysis with Pearson's correlation coefficient. 150 materials were used for final analysis. The collected materials were analyzed to get statistics by using SPSS 20. Results - First, as for the job stress of call center workers, overall mean value was 2.54 in 4-point scales. Among the six sub-factors, job demands had the highest score, which was 2.67. Second, as for the job stress according to employment type, others showed higher score than mean value followed by contract job and full-time job in that order, in terms of job insecurity and organizational system. In terms of inappropriate remuneration, contract job showed higher score than mean value followed by others and full-time job. Third, as for the satisfaction with job, the mean value was 2.37 in 4-point scale and "very much satisfied" was only 3.3%. Lastly, in terms of job stress and job satisfaction, all sub-factors except for job demands showed significant correlation. The more job stress increased, the more job satisfaction decreased. Conclusions - First, as a result of analyzing job stress according to the employment type of call center workers, job stress increased more when the employment type was not full-time. Therefore, it was assumed that self-rescue efforts should be followed for effective employment management of call center business where contract employment takes most part as well as efforts to transfer them to full-time job. Second, decrease in job satisfaction of call center workers may affect the performance of an organization as well as service quality of the company providing the service. Therefore, various supports are required to decrease job stress and increase job satisfaction for call center workers through the expansion of rest area or break time. Third, I could recognize that there were lack of academic research on call center business in the whole service industry. Therefore, further research should be conducted more actively in the future. In particular, this study has special significance in the aspect that there were few studies on the job stress of call center workers according to employment type.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.7725-7730
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• 2013

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure inside selected public places to provide basic data for the development and promotion of smoke-free policies. Methods: Between March and May 2009, an SHS exposure survey was conducted. $PM_{2.5}$ levels and air nicotine concentrations were measured in hospitals (n=5), government buildings (4), restaurants (10) and entertainment venues (10) in Seoul, Republic of Korea, using a common protocol. Field researchers completed an observational questionnaire to document evidence of active smoking (the smell of cigarette smoke, presence of cigarette butts and witnessing people smoking) and administered a questionnaire regarding building characteristics and smoking policy. Results: Indoor $PM_{2.5}$ levels and air nicotine concentrations were relatively higher in monitoring sites where smoking is not prohibited by law. Entertainment venues had the highest values of $PM_{2.5}$(${\mu}g/m^3$) and air nicotine concentration(${\mu}g/m^3$), which were 7.6 and 67.9 fold higher than those of hospitals, respectively, where the values were the lowest. When evidence of active smoking was present, the mean $PM_{2.5}$ level was 104.9 ${\mu}g/m^3$, i.e., more than 4-fold the level determined by the World Health Organization for 24-hr exposure (25 ${\mu}g/m^3$). Mean indoor air nicotine concentration at monitoring sites with evidence of active smoking was 59-fold higher than at sites without this evidence (2.94 ${\mu}g/m^3$ vs. 0.05 ${\mu}g/m^3$). The results were similar at all specific monitoring sites except restaurants, where mean indoor $PM_{2.5}$ levels did not differ at sites with and without active smoking evidence and indoor air nicotine concentrations were higher in sites without evidence of smoking. Conclusion: Nicotine was detected in most of our monitoring sites, including those where smoking is prohibited by law, such as hospitals, demonstrating that enforcement and compliance with current smoke-free policies in Korea is not adequate to protect against SHS exposure.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.63-78
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• 2011

1. Objectives: We aimed to propose a sub-classification system for the Taeeumin symptomatology by examining the Taeeumin pathology and symptomatology descriptions appearing in "Donguisusebowon". 2. Methods: The Gabo Edition and the Sinchuk Edition (the upgraded and revised edition) of "Donguisusebowon" were reviewed and examined for relevant information on the Taeeum pathology and symptomatology. 3. Results and Conclusions: 1) In the Taeeumin symptomatology, the Exterior disease develops from the basic pathology of Esophagus-Cold and the Interior disease from that of Liver-Heat, eventually progressing to damage of the expirational and dispersive energy of the Lung Sector, the Prime Core Organ or the excessively small organ of the Taeeum constitutional type. The resulting pathology can be broadly defined as the "Lung-Dryness symptomatology". 2) The case reports introduced in the Exterior disease section, including the Zhang Zhongjing Mahuang-tang treatment, Prolonged-affliction disease treatment, and Exterior disease Pestilential disease treatment, share several points in common. They all arise from the pathology of "weakness in the Lung sector and deficiency in the Exterior sector", and they can all be assigned to the same symptomatological division that presents with systemic heat and cold intolerance; this symptomatology can be defined as the "Esophagus-Cold symptomatology", the milder subdivision of the exterior symptomatology. 3) The body of text appearing in the last part of the Interior disease section commonly referred to as the "Taeeumin Conspectus" is in fact not a conspectus when its contents are actually examined. Instead, it can be understood from its pathological and symptomatological descriptions that the passage is explaining the more severe subdivision of the exterior symptomatology that has progressed from Esophagus-Cold to a pathology characterized by damaged expirational and dipersive energy of the Lung Sector. 4) The relocation of the "dry-related pathology" indicates a change in perspective regarding the "Dry-related symptomatology", which caused the rearrangement of the Interior disease into divisions of Liver-Heat symptomatology that is characterized by fulminant heat pathology and Dry-Heat symptomatology that is also accompanied by Lung-Dryness. 5) The Interior disease Yin-Blood Consumptive symptomatology should be included in the Dry-Heat symptomatology in the pathological scheme. 6) Based on the above, the subdivisions of the Taeeumin symptomatology should be arranged as "Esophagus-Cold symptomatology" and "Lung-Dry-Cold symptomatology" in the Exterior disease and "Liver-Heat symptomatology" and "Dry-Heat symptomatology" in the Interior disease.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.242-253
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• 2017

We selected 81 universities (39.1%) for research and close analysis to analyze the current availability of courses in the field of clothing construction at four-year domestic universities. The results of the analysis shows that curriculum is currently composed of theoretical and practical courses that continue to be developed in diverse areas of study. Despite having classes with underlying similarities and differences, research shows that the course curriculum is constructed systematically with both theory and practice at each stage. Distribution of curriculum in the field of clothing construction were organized and analyzed by similar courses in 4 larger groupings and 9 sub-groups. Analysis of the large groupings showed that sewing courses (19.8%), pattern development courses (41.0%), advanced sewing courses (14.1%), and miscellaneous courses (26.1%) were established. Analysis of the sub-groups showed that basic theory and sewing courses (3.6%), sewing courses (16.1%), flat pattern courses (17.9%), draping pattern courses (14.6%), pattern CAD courses (7.3%), tailoring and advanced sewing courses (8.5%), scientific sewing and apparel production processing courses (1.4%), special sewing courses (3.9%), and miscellaneous and new subject courses (26.1%) were established. Overall analysis of the organization distribution was conducted in the order of pattern development (39.9%), miscellaneous & new subject (26.1%), basic theory and sewing (19.8%), and advanced sewing (14.0%). Field analysis from various angles indicates that pattern development, new subject courses, and miscellaneous courses had a relatively higher proportion than other major courses. From this it can be inferred that this trend is an effort to develop individuals to adapt to a rapidly changing fashion industry and environment. The composition of courses also shows great advancement towards diversification and course development. However, there is still insufficient exchange between industrial and education sites. As active exchange continue to be demanded, classification standards for new subject courses and titles of such studies have become unclear and have reached limitations.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.305-314
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• 2005

Investigation of chemically synthesized inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate [$Ins(1,4,5)P_3$] analogs has led to the isolation of a novel binding protein with a molecular size of 130 kDa, characterized as a molecule with similar domain organization to phospholipase C-${\delta}1$ (PLC-${\delta}1$) but lacking the enzymatic activity. An isoform of the molecule was subsequently identified, and these molecules have been named PRIP (PLC-related, but catalytically inactive protein), with the two isoforms named PRIP-1 and -2. Regarding its ability to bind $Ins(1,4,5)P_3$ via the pleckstrin homology domain, the involvement of PRIP-1 in $Ins(1,4,5)P_3$-mediated $Ca^{2+}$ signaling was examined using COS-1 cells overexpressing PRIP-1 and cultured neurons prepared from PRIP-1 knock-out mice. Yeast two hybrid screening of a brain cDNA library using a unique N-terminus as bait identified GABARAP ($GABA_A$ receptor associated protein) and PP1 (protein phosphatase 1), which led us to examine the possible involvement of PRIP in $GABA_A$ receptor signaling. For this purpose PRIP knock-out mice were analyzed for $GABA_A$ receptor function in relation to the action of benzodiazepines from the electrophysiological and behavioral aspects. During the course of these experiments we found that PRIP also binds to the b-subunit of $GABA_A$ receptors and PP2A (protein phosphtase 2A). Here, we summarize how PRIP is involved in $Ins(1,4,5)P_3$-mediated $Ca^{2+}$ signaling and $GABA_A$ receptor signaling based on the characteristics of binding molecules.

• 기술혁신학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.522-559
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 기술이전성과의 영향요인에 관하여 선행연구들(국내 학술지 및 학위논문 52편)의 내용을 검토 분석하고 다양한 영향요인들을 이론적 배경을 기반으로 6개 상위요인과 13개 하위요인으로 정리하였다. 선행연구결과들을 메타분석으로 종합하여 기술이전성과에 영향을 미치는 요인들의 전체평균 효과크기를 산출해 내었고, 하위영향요인별 효과크기를 비교 검토하여 핵심영향요인을 식별해 내었다. 메타분석의 랜덤효과모형을 적용하여 산출한 평균효과크기(ESr)는 .269로서 중간효과크기에 해당하며, 하위요인분석을 통해 연구자 수, 전담조직, 보유기술, 그리고 외부협력이 핵심영향요인으로 도출되었다. 기술이전성과는 기술이전 건 수, 기술이전 수입금액, 기타 기술이전성과의 3가지 유형으로 구분하여 하위범주 수준에서의 메타분석을 통하여 각 유형별로 주요 영향요인들을 도출하였다. 논문유형과 자료유형에 대한 조절효과 여부를 분석하였으나 통계적으로 유의한 결과가 도출되지 않았다. 본 연구는 기술이전 사업화 프로세스 중 기술이전과정에 제한된 연구이므로 후속연구에서 기술사업화 영향요인 관련 연구의 추진이 필요하다.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.121-127
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• 2003

선박이 해상에서 조난을 당했을 경우 인명과 재산 및 해양 환경보호를 위하여 조난자 및 조난선박을 신속히 수색ㆍ구조 함으로써 해양사고로 인한 인적, 물적 피해 및 해양환경의 피해를 최소화 할 필요가 있다. IMO에서 채택한 SAR협약은 우리나라에서는 1995년 발효되었고 국세적으로는 해양경찰청이 SAR협약의 이행기관이 되었다. 해상에서 조난자나 조난선박의 구조 및 발견 가능성은 시간이 경과함에 따라 급속히 감소하기 때문에 SAR임무의 핵심은 효율적인 수색ㆍ구조 계획을 통해 신속하게 생존자를 수색ㆍ구조하는 것이라 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 해양사고가 발생한 경우 구조선이 최단시간 내에 조난현장에 도착 할 수 있는 해상 수색ㆍ구조선 최적배치 모델을 정식화 하였다. 또한 해양경찰청의 구조선의 운용과 기술적인 능력을 고려하여 우리나라 수색 구조 구역을 180개의 소구역으로 나누고 최적배치 위치 및 척수를 구하였으며, 구조선의 합리적인 운용을 위해 추가적으로 소요되는 척수를 산정하였다.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.69-88
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• 2016

이 연구에서는 NCS 기반 직업교육과정 도입에 따른 공업계열 특성화고 마이스터고 교사의 직무수행능력의 영역과 하위 요소를 도출하고 이들의 중요도와 교육적 요구에 대한 인식을 조사하였다. 이 결과로부터 공업계열 특성화고 마이스터고 교사의 직무수행 능력 향상 방안을 제시하였다. 이를 위해 서울, 경인 지역의 공업계열 특성화고 및 마이스터고 10개교를 선정하여 전문교과 교사 269명을 대상으로 설문 조사를 실시하였으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, NCS 기반 직업교육과정 도입에 따른 공업계열 특성화고 및 마이스터고 교사의 직무수행능력의 영역으로 교과 지도 영역, 생활 지도 영역, 학급 경영 영역, 대외 활동 영역, 행정 업무 영역 등 5개 영역과 총 34개의 하위 요소가 도출되었다. 둘째, 직무수행능력 영역별 중요도는 교과 지도 영역, 대외 활동 영역, 생활 지도 영역 순으로 나타났으며, 교육적 요구는 교과 지도 영역, 대외 활동 영역, 행정 업무 영역 순으로 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 직무수행능력의 하위 요소 중에서 NCS 학습모듈의 교수 학습 자료 제작 및 교재 재구성, NCS 교육과정 편성 및 운영, 노동법과 신자격법 등의 법규 지도 및 취업 지도, 생활 기록부 관리, NCS 관련 교사 연구 활동, NCS 관련 현장 실무 능력 향상 연수, NCS 연계 사업 업무 등의 중요도나 교육적 요구가 높았다. 넷째, NCS 관련 활동 경험의 유무에 따라 교과 지도 영역과 생활 지도 영역의 중요도와 교육적 요구에서 유의미한 차이가 나타났는데 NCS 관련 활동 경험이 있는 교사가 경험이 없는 교사에 비하여 직무수행능력의 중요도와 교육적 요구를 더 높게 인식하고 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.239-246
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• 2017

병원행정직 근무자들의 자기효능감, 직무특성 및 직무스트레스와 직무만족도 간의 관련성을 파악하고 직무만족도에 미치는 융복합적 영향을 조사하였다. 조사대상은 임의로 선정된 11개 종합병원의 재직자 221명으로 하였으며, 자료수집은 2016년 11월 1일부터 2017년 1월 31일까지 구조화된 무기명 자기기입식 설문지를 통해 이루어졌다. 직무만족도는 자기 효능감, 직무특성의 3가지 하위요인과는 양의 상관관계를, 직무스트레스의 7가지 하위요인과는 음의 상관관계를 보였다. 공분산구조분석 결과, 직무스트레스는 자기효능감 및 직무특성보다는 직무만족도에 더 큰 영향을 미쳤으며, 자기효능감 및 직무특성이 높아질수록, 직무스트레스가 낮아질수록 직무만족도를 증가시키는 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 볼 때, 병원행정직의 직무만족도와 관련된 자기효능감, 직무특성 및 직무스트레스를 관리하는 노력이 필요하다. 분석결과는 병원행정직의 직무만족도를 높이는 조직인사관리에 활용될 수 있다. 추후연구에서는 병원행정직의 직무만족도에 영향을 미치는 융복합적인 추가요인에 대한 분석이 필요하다.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2003년도 춘계공동학술대회논문집
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• pp.35-41
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• 2003

선박이 해상에서 조난을 당했을 경우 인명과 재산 및 해양 환경보호를 위하여 조난자 및 조난선박을 신속히 수색ㆍ구조 함으로써 해양사고로 인한 인적, 물적 피해 및 해양환경의 피해를 최소화 할 필요가 있다. IMO에서 채택한 SAR협약은 우리나라에서는 1995년 발효되었고 국제적으로는 해양경찰청이 SAR협약의 이행기관이 되었다. 해상에서 조난자나 조난선박의 구조 및 발견 가능성은 시간이 경과함에 따라 급속히 감소하기 때문에 SAR임무의 핵심은 효율적인 수색ㆍ구조 계획을 통해 신속하게 생존자를 수색ㆍ구조하는 것이라 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 해양사고가 발생한 경우 구조선이 최단시간 내에 조난현장에 도착 할 수 있는 해상 수색ㆍ구조선 최적배치 모델을 정식화 하였다. 또한 해양경찰청의 구조선의 운용과 기술적인 능력을 고려하여 우리나라 수색ㆍ구조 구역을 180개의 소구역으로 나누고 최적배치 위치 및 척수를 구하였으며, 구조선의 합리적인 운용을 위해 추가적으로 소요되는 척수를 산정하였다.