• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.45-53
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• 2018

Purpose - The purpose of the study was to investigate operation system of current convenience store and competing retail store and to find out development of unattended convenience store. Operators can save labor cost and solve labor seeking when opening shop under suitable environment and commerce area, and assure of employee's safety. Customers are allowed to select commodity comfortably without disclosure of face and to shorten standby time at simple store opening, buying and paying and to produce convenient living environment by financing, delivery and goods control. This study examined effect and problems of operation of existing and unattended convenience store from point of view of visual merchandising to find out model of unattended convenience store and to strengthen competitiveness of convenience store business. Research design, data, and methodology - Research procedure of accomplishment of goal of the study was: The study investigated state of distribution business, and role and definition of VMD. First, VMD played an important role of promotion and competitiveness of unattended convenience stores. Second, the author investigated research and cases of unattended convenience stores 14 months, that is to say, from August 15, 2017 to October 15, 2018. Third, the author investigated on-the-spot three of common convenience stores, three of unattended convenience stores and three of retailers one month, that is to say, June 1, 2018 to July 1, 2018. The subject was convenience stores and retailers selling similar type of products at Seoul and metropolitan area. Results - Layout, selling place, brand identity, goods assortment, authentication system, product information cognition and control, buying and payment system, security system, salesmen, promotion and other services should be improved from point of view of merchandising. Structure, furniture, lighting, voice, façade, VP, PP, IP and POP should be developed. Conclusions - Unattended convenience stores saved operating cost and lessened labor and gave visitors convenience and comfortable shopping and made use of resources effectively. Further studies with quantitative analysis shall find out strategic conditions for promotion of unattended convenience stores.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.36 no.10
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• pp.839-844
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• 2012

Anemometer is a meteorological instrument that measures wind direction and wind speed in real time, and is mounted to the cranes that are used at ports, shipbuilding yards, off-shore structure, or construction sites that are influenced by wind, and it is used in conjunction with the safety system. Load cell-type anemometer measures the wind direction through the ratio of load between 4 positions by mounting the thin plate to 4 load cells, and measures wind velocity through the summation of loads. According to previous research, the load ratio between two adjacent windswept with respect to the wind direction has unstable value due to vortex around windswept. This causes the result that increases an error on the wind direction. In this study we compared and analyzed the difference between the load ratio with respect to three type windswept shapes in order to suggest the proper windswept shape to reduce this error. The computational fluid flow analysis is carried out with ANSYS CFX to analyze the load ratio between three windswept shapes. Wind direction was adopted as the design variable, and selected 9 wind direction conditions from $0^{\circ}{\sim}90^{\circ}$ with $11.25^{\circ}$ interval for computational fluid flow analysis.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.68-78
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of the individual-level and community-level factors in the ecological model on walking and to provide the basic data for a strategy that can increase walking for health promotion of adult workers. By combining the primary data of community health survey (CHS) (2011-2013) with the Korea national statistics annual book (2011-2013), the regional level variables were extracted from 253 municipal districts and the convergent big data with the hierarchical structure was produced. As a result, the increase in budget expenditure for public order and safety in social and cultural environment factors, the increase in budget expenditure for national and community land development in the leisure environment factors, and the number of buses in the transportation environment were increased by walking. In conclusion, walking was increased by the development of a community environment and bus transportation besides individual characteristics and behavior. Therefore, improving environment and public transportation will increase physical activity, such as walking, which will increase the health expectancy in community citizen workers.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.12
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• pp.309-333
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• 2006

These days, the majority of public service area presents increment of utilizing a contracting-out with the following reasons such as cost-efficiency, maintenance of population changes in flexible manner, and convenience of management. The social changes have influence on policing structure and regional security system as well as problems associated with accepting the contracting-out in the public policing sector. However, many issues such as limited contracting-out sector, difficulty of encouragement of participation to private sector, and limitation of making a contract with contracting-out would be brought up when initiate contracting-out to the public policing sector. Changing security system to lower budget, planning restructure of organization, developing alterable partial contracting-out, establishing private and public cooperate system and rationalizing contract system are the suggestions to solve and modify the raising problems. This study suggests a differentiate regulation of policing services compare to currently existing contracting-out method to consider a distinctive working environment. The suggestions are as follows: 1. develop a security segregate model, 2. build a cooperative system between private and public policing sector, 3. broaden opportunity of participation of private policing sector, 4. open-competition among qualified private tender to make a contract. The private contracting-out in the public security service sector should be manage in different manner compare to other private contracting-out in government-oriented public service sector. Since work performance of each private contracting-out agency is strongly bond to safety of every civilian in the nation, it is essential to increase its standard of qualification of each agency.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.221-227
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• 2013

RFID is an automatic identification technology that can control a range of information via IC chips and radio communication. Also known as electronic tags, smart tags or electronic labels, RFID technology enables embedding the overall process from production to sales in an ultra-small IC chip and tracking down such information using radio frequencies. Currently, RFID-based application and development is in progress in such fields as health care, national defense, logistics and security. RFID structure consists of a reader that reads tag information, a tag that provides information and the database that manages data. Yet, the wireless section between the reader and the tag is vulnerable to security issues. To sort out the vulnerability, studies on security protocols have been conducted actively. However, due to difficulties in implementation, most suggestions are concerned with theorem proving, which is prone to vulnerability found by other investigators later on, ending up in many troubles with applicability in practice. To experimentally test the security of the protocol proposed here, the formal verification tool, CasperFDR was used. To sum up, the proposed protocol was found to be secure against diverse attacks. That is, the proposed protocol meets the safety standard against new types of attacks and ensures security when applied to real tags in the future.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.455-465
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• 2017

This study focuses on design development and verification through virtual simulation based on 3D model data in the cloud platform as a method of utilization of engineering technology of design in the fourth industrial revolution era. The goal of research is to develop and examine a design for the needs of the target that has never been met before through virtual simulations that can be conducted in practice. As a research method, we analyzed secondary data to identify the needs of the target, and did literature research for the ergonomic data and target body development stages. In addition, the design development process of this study was shown meaningful result in design, structure, safety, material, durability through loop test of 7 virtual simulations. This study can be applied to the automated process system based on 3D model data in the 4th industrial revolution era and can be used as an element of the cyber physics system for the additional research.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.207-214
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• 2017

High voltage electric power transmitter GIS(Gas Insulated Switchgear) above 72.5kV needs to satisfy domestic Korean peninsular standard(ES-6110-0002) in KEPCO with respect to normal and special operation conditions which include internal gas pressure, dead weight, wind and seismic load. Some other requirements not described in Korean standard can be applied from other international standards such as IEC(International Electronical Committee) 62271-203 and 62271-207. The GIS is a kind of pressure vessel structure made of aluminum and filled with SF6 gas of internal pressure 0.4~0.5MPa. Finite element analysis of GIS is performed with such operational loads including seismic loading and the stability and reliability is determined according to ASME BPVC(Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code) SEC. VIII standard where the allowable stress level of the pressure vessel is suggested. The result shows that the stress of GIS is satisfied the allowable stress level and the safety factor is about 2.3 for Korean peninsular standard.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.261-273
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• 2011

Recently, the demands for steel frame are increasing because of the trend and due to the demand for bigger and higher buildings. In the analysis of typical steel frame, connections are based on the idealized fixed or pinned connection. A fixed connection assumes that the relative angle of each member before deformation is the same after the transformation. Therefore, the stiffener reinforces the connection to sufficient rigidity and stability of the panel zone. In the economical aspect, however, the necessity of connection that the stiffener reinforcement has omitted is increasing due to the excessive production as well as labor costs of connection. In contrast, pinned connection is assumed that bending moments between the beams and columns do not transfer to each member. This is easy to make in the plant and the construction is simple. However, the structural efficiency is reduced in pinned connection because connection cannot transfer moments. The introduction of this semirigid process can decide efficient cross-sectional dimensions that promote ease in the course of structural erection, as performed by members in the field-a call for safety in the entire frame. Therefore, foreign countries exert efforts to study the practical behavior and the results are applied to criterion. This paper analyzes the semirigid connection of domestic steel by design specifications of AISC/LRFD and make data bank that pertain to each steel. After wards, the results are compared to those of idealized connection; at the same time, this paper presents a design method that matches economic efficiency, end-fixity, and rotational stiffness.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.247-254
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• 2014

Strain properties of concrete member which acts as an important factor in the stability of the concrete structure in the event of fire, significantly affected the characteristics of the coarse aggregate, which accounts for most of the volume. For this reason, there are many studies on concrete using artificial lightweight aggregate which has smaller thermal expansion deformation than granite coarse aggregate. But the research is mostly limited on concrete using clay-based lightweight aggregate. Therefore, in this study, the high temperature compressive strength and elastic modulus, thermal strain and total strain, high temperature creep strain of concrete was evaluated. As a result, remaining rate of high-temperature strength of concrete using lightweight aggregate is higher than concrete with general aggregate and it is determined to be advantageous in terms of structural safety and ensuring high-temperature strength from the result of the total strain by loading and strain of thermal expansion. In addition, in the case of high-temperature creep, concrete shrinkage is increased by rising loading and temperature regardless of the type of aggregate, and concrete using lightweight aggregate shows bigger shrinkage than concrete with a granite-based aggregate. From this result, it is determined to require additional consideration on a high temperature creep strain in case of maintaining high temperature like as duration of a fire although concrete using light weight aggregate is an advantage in reducing the thermal expansion strain of the fire.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.13-20
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• 2009

Generally, soil is regarded as fully saturated in Geotechnical Engineering and under ground structure design. Because it is in convenience and safety. But soils treated in field are almost in unsaturated state. Design in unsaturated state is difficult comparing with saturated soil. In unsaturated soil mechanics, parameters are usually not constant unlike saturated soil mechanics. Additionally lab or field tests in unsaturated soil mechanics are required more cost, time and theoretical difficulty. One of essential requisites for examination about unsaturated soil is Soil-Water Characteristic Curve (SWCC). It show the relation between soil suction and soil water content. Through many studies in and out of country, computation and testing methods for SWCC were introduced. But in this the country, most soil is granite soil that is widely spread in Korea. And the studies for granite soil's SWCC are not enough yet. In this paper, through studying for existing proposal methods about computation SWCC and collection data for domestic granite soils, It was determined the suitable method for domestic granite soils, and computed each granite soil's SWCC. The purpose of this paper is establishing database for domestic granite soil's SWCC as each region to convenience for applying to actual affairs. For this, studying about existing proposal methods for SWCC was performed and a computer program Soil-Vision is used. Furthermore for verification theoretical and testing methods were also performed.