• Title/Summary/Keyword: Structural expression

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A Study on the Characteristics of Structural Expression in the works of Louis Kahn - Focused on the structural expression in space - (루이스 칸 건축의 구조적 표현 특성에 관한 연구 - 건축공간에서의 구조적 표현을 중심으로 -)

  • Kim, Nak-Jung;Chung, Tae-Yong
    • Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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    • v.15 no.2 s.55
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    • pp.73-80
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    • 2006
  • The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of structural expression in the works of Louis I. Kahn. Kahn's main architectural thoughts of 'what it wants to be' and 'how it was done' are important in this research because these statements act as a clue to understand the relationship between structural expression and space. 'What it wants to be' means the essence and existence of architecture and 'how it was done' shows the tectonic of architecture and construction process to enhance its presence. Kahn's emphasis of structural expression stems from the fact that structure is the logical part of whole building system rather than the concealed object for the exterior of buildings. Therefore structure of Kahn's architecture is not a structure only to support building but a mean to express his thoughts in a corporeal way. In Kahn's works, the characteristics of structural expressions are summarized as the visualization of the order in dynamics, construction process, spatial system, and the relationship between structure and light in the space.

A Study the Elements of Technological Specific Expression in Research Institute Architecture -Focused on the Contemporary Research Institutes- (연구소 건축 계획의 테크놀로지 특성 표현 요소에 관한 연구 - 현대 연구소 건축을 중심으로 -)

  • Kim Hwan-Sik;Lee Jeong-Soo;Song Yong-Ho
    • Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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    • v.14 no.6 s.53
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    • pp.168-176
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    • 2005
  • This study is a understanding on technological specific expression to reflect of a research institute in modern architecture. For this study, it separately reduce space program, plan program, design elements of elevation, structural system, mechanical system, building material program to its expressional elements of research institute. Also, it's arranged about a specificity that is expressed for technology each plan elements of a research institute. As a result, elements what is expressive of technology on research institute are influenced an aesthetic expression, expression of an arrangement system, structural expression, expression of architectural organization, and it influences more getting feels technological specificity expressed an aesthetic, structural system, architectural composition, mechanical distribution system in order of their magnitude. This is offered suggestion what must be an achievable complex both a simply technological expression and aesthetic expression.

A study on expression methods for structural aesthetics in modern fashion design - Focus on the architectural characteristics of Santiago Calatrava - (현대 구조적 패션디자인에 나타난 구조미의 표현방식에 대한 연구 - 산티아고 칼라뜨라바의 건축특성을 중심으로 -)

  • Lee, Yeonji;Um, Sohee
    • The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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    • v.23 no.5
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    • pp.737-754
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    • 2015
  • The structural aesthetics of architecture are becoming an inspirational source for many fashion designers and have been reborn in structural fashion. This study planned to analyze the method of expression of structural aesthetics expressed in modern structural fashion design and the construction method to maximize such an effect on the basis of the construction characteristic of Santiago Calatrava as the representative architect of the structural aesthetic. According to the study, the structural aesthetics expressed in modern structural fashion design are as follows: 1) The symbolical formative aesthetic expressed by symbolical inference and analyzation; 2) the dynamic beauty of physic expressed by visual emphasis and dynamics; and 3) the asymmetric beauty of symmetry expressed by metastasis toward the boundary between balance and imbalance. In addition, to maximize structural aesthetics, we used repetition and a progressive technique based on rhythm, asymmetry, and incision-based variances, such as balance, polygon flux, and inference, and analyzation-based distortion as the structuring principle. The following expression methods for maximizing structural aesthetics were found: 1) symbolical and structural exaggeration of appearance; 2) detail technique expansion and material property diversification; and 3) the three-dimensional transformation of structure and shell expression. Structural fashion design was found to have maximized structural aesthetics by using such expression methods to secure artistic esthetics, destroy existing shapes and patterns, and create unique shapes.

A Study on the Expansion Methodology of Creative Fashion Design (크리에이티브 패션 디자인의 전개 방법에 관한 연구)

  • Kong Mi-Sun;Chae Keum-Seok
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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    • v.55 no.2 s.92
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    • pp.45-57
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    • 2005
  • The creative fashion design is the technique which ran be obtained through the structural analysis of the relationship between principle, element-combination and idea-expression. In the research, as the results of theoretical survey of design structure and idea-expression, the structural and subjective designs are classified and defined: a. the structural design is analyzed with the existing examples based on the combinational Idea-expression of the O.C.L method, and b. the subjective design is also analyzed connecting the real examples to Cordon method, Synetic method, Association method, and expansive idea-expression-method obtained by the Experiences of Geometrical Combinations. The research can be summarized as follows: 1. The creative fashion design which emphasizes the geometrical structure utilizes the modification method whirh combines the shapes and constructs extraordinary structural beauty coming from the complex structural principle, that is, emphasis and balance. 2. The creative fashion design which emphasizes specific subjects utilizes the modification method which mimics representative and plastic resemblances and constructs symbolic structural beauty coming from the simple structural principle, that is, material elements.

Evaluation of a New Episomal Vector Based on the GAP Promoter for Structural Genomics in Pichia pastoris

  • Hong In-Pyo;Anderson Stephen;Choi Shin-Geon
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.16 no.9
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    • pp.1362-1368
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    • 2006
  • A new constitutive episomal expression vector, pGAPZ-E, was constructed and used for initial screening of eukaryotic target gene expression in Pichia pastoris. Two reporter genes such as beta-galactosidase gene and GFPuv gene were overexpressed in P. pastoris. The expression level of the episomal pGAPZ-E strain was higher than that of the integrated form when the beta-galactosidase gene was used as the reporter gene in P. pastoris X33. The avoiding of both the integration procedure and an induction step simplified the overall screening process for eukaryotic target gene expression in P. pastoris. Nine human protein targets from the Core 50, family of Northeast Structural Genomics Consortium (http://www.nesg.org), which were intractable when expressed in E. coli, were subjected to rapid screening for soluble expression in P. pastoris. HR547, HR919, and HR1697 human proteins, which had previously been found to express poorly or to be insoluble in E. coli, expressed in soluble form in P. pastoris. Therefore, the new episomal GAP promoter vector provides a convenient and alternative system for high-throughput screening of eukaryotic protein expression in P. pastoris.

Object-Oriented Database Application for An Integrated Structural Design Process (일관 구조설계 시스템 구축에 있어서 객체지향 데이터 베이스의 도입)

  • 천진호;김홍국;이병해
    • Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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    • 1993.04a
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    • pp.79-85
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    • 1993
  • An integrated structural design system can define and process complex design information that occurs in each of the design stages for flexible cooperation. It can also reduce human error on sequential design steps: preliminary design, analysis and detailed design. Therefore, it's very important to have consistent semantic expression and procedure for structural design information that has complex relationships. In this study, we introduce the object-oriented concepts and object-oriented database thechnique that provides high level semantic expression in order to develop an integrated structural design system.

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HisCoM-PAGE: software for hierarchical structural component models for pathway analysis of gene expression data

  • Mok, Lydia;Park, Taesung
    • Genomics & Informatics
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.45.1-45.3
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    • 2019
  • To identify pathways associated with survival phenotypes using gene expression data, we recently proposed the hierarchical structural component model for pathway analysis of gene expression data (HisCoM-PAGE) method. The HisCoM-PAGE software can consider hierarchical structural relationships between genes and pathways and analyze multiple pathways simultaneously. It can be applied to various types of gene expression data, such as microarray data or RNA sequencing data. We expect that the HisCoM-PAGE software will make our method more easily accessible to researchers who want to perform pathway analysis for survival times.

Enhanced expression of the structural protein of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) by SUMO fusion

  • Koo, Hyun Na;Bae, Sung Min;Woo, Soo Dong
    • International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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    • v.32 no.2
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    • pp.90-97
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    • 2016
  • The major structural proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) are derived from ORFs 4, 5, and 6. They have been considered very important to arouse the humoral and cellular immune responses against PRRSV infection and proposed to be the excellent candidate proteins in the design of PRRS bioengineering vaccine. However, the PRRSV structural proteins are produced in low levels in the infected cells because it forms insoluble protein and possesses several transmembrane regions. To overcome this problem, we fused the ORF4, ORF5, and ORF6 with SUMO (small ubiquitin-related modifier). The resulting fusion protein SUMO-ORF4, -ORF5, and -ORF6 were highly expressed in Bm5 cells. The level of protein expression using the Bombyx mori larvae was higher than that using Bm5 cells. In addition, fusion to SUMOstar, which is not processed by native SUMO proteases, significantly enhanced protein expression levels compared to SUMO fusion. This study demonstrated that SUMO or SUMOstar, when fused with PRRSV structural proteins, was able to promote its soluble expression. This may be a better method to produce PRRSV structural proteins for vaccine development.

General evolutionary path for fundamental natural frequencies of structural vibration problems: towards optimum from below

  • Zhao, Chongbin;Steven, G.P.;Xie, Y.M.
    • Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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    • v.4 no.5
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    • pp.513-527
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    • 1996
  • In this paper, both an approximate expression and an exact expression for the contribution factor of an element to the natural frequency of the finite element discretized system of a structure in general and a membrane in particular have been derived from the energy conservation principle and the finite element formulation of structural eigenvalue problems. The approximate expression for the contribution factor of an element is used to predict and determine the elements to be removed in an iteration since it depends only on the quantities associated with the old system in the iteration. The exact expression for the contribution factor of an element makes it possible to check whether the element is correctly removed at the end of an iteration because it depends on both the old system and the new system in the iteration. Thus, the combined use of the approximate expression and the exact expression allows a considerable number of elements to be removed in a single iteration so that the efficiency of the evolutionary structural optimization method can be greatly improved for solving the natural frequency optimization problem of a structure. A square membrane with different boundary supports has been chosen to investigate the general evolutionary path for the fundamental natural frequency of the structure. The related results indicated that if the objective of a structural optimization is to raise the fundamental natural frequency of the structure to an optimal value, the general evolutionary path during its optimization is that the elements are gradually removed along the direction from the area surrounded by the contour of the highest value to that surrounded by the contour of the lowest value.

Variables Related to Gender Differences in Structural Analysis of Children's Emotional Competence (성별에 따른 유아의 정서능력과 관련변인간 구조 분석)

  • Woo, Soo Kyeong;Choi, Kee Young
    • Korean Journal of Child Studies
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    • v.23 no.6
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    • pp.15-32
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    • 2002
  • Child's temperament, cognitive ability, social competence, mother's affective child rearing and positive expression, father's positive expression, and teacher's positive expression were the variables investigated in relation to the structure of children's emotional competence (EC). Subjects were 20 teachers and 236 five-year-old children and their parents. Data were analyzed by LISREL (Linear Structural Relations), a statistical program for structural equation modeling. Results showed that boys' social competence and mother's affective rearing behavior directly influenced the EC of boys; boys temperament and cognitive ability, and positive expressions of their teachers indirectly influenced the EC of boys. Girls' temperament and social competence directly influenced the EC of girls; their cognitive ability, mother's affective child rearing behavior, and positive expressions of mothers and fathers indirectly influenced the EC of girls.

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