• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.326-338
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• 2020

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that causes disorientation, mood swings, problems with language, and difficulty remembering recent events. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AchEIs) and memantine have been used to slow the course of the disease, but they can neither modify its progression nor prevent disease onset. Previous studies have suggested that Kami-guibi-tang (KGT) could be beneficial for supporting cognitive function in AD patients, but few clinical trials have been published. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the effect of KGT in improving cognitive function in AD patients. Methods: The study will be a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, single-center trial conducted using subjects diagnosed with mild AD by neurologists. Study subjects will be randomly assigned to either a treatment or control group. The treatment group will receive KGT granules for 24 weeks, while the control group will receive placebo granules. AchEI administration will be maintained in both groups during the entirety of the study. Subjects will be assessed using the following exams: the Seoul Neuropsychologic Screening Battery (SNSB) for cognitive function; brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for brain metabolite, neurotransmitter, and cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements; the Korean version of Quality of Life-Alzheimer's Disease (KQol-AD) for quality of life; the Caregiver-Administered Neuropsychiatric Inventory (CGA-NPI) for neurobehavioral symptoms; blood tests for amyloid and tau proteins and general blood parameters; and electrocardiography (ECG) before and after taking the medication. Discussion: Our findings will provide insight into the feasibility of large-scale trials to consolidate evidence for the efficacy of KGT for dementia treatment. Registration ID in CRIS: KCT0002904 (Clinical Research Information Service of the Republic of Korea).

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제30권9호
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• pp.821-828
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• 2003

본 논문은 경동맥(carotid artery)을 환영한 MRA(Magnetic Resonance Angiography) 영상을 이용하여 실제 내시경으로 접근이 불가능한 경동맥의 내부를 시각화(visualization)하기 위해 가상혈관경(virtual angioscopy)을 구현하였다 항해경로 결정을 위해 MRA의 단면 원천영상에서 총경동맥 (common carotid artery) 및 내경동맥(internal carotid artery)만을 분리하였고, 중앙축 변환(MAT Medial Axis Transformation)을 통해 구해진 좌표값을 가상 카메라의 운행 경로로 사용하였다. 원근투영 (perspective projection) 및 볼륨 데이타의 표면을 렌더링하기 위해 마칭큐브(marching rube) 알고리즘을 사용하였다 허혈성으로 인한 뇌혈관질환(cerebrovascular disease)은 뇌졸중(stroke)의 80% 정도를 차지하는데, 경동맥은 뇌에 혈액을 공급하는 주된 혈관으로 경동맥 협착증(carotid artery stenosis)은 뇌졸중의 직접적인 원인이 된다. 가상혈관경은 경동맥 내부의 협착 위치와 협착 정도를 정성적으로 파악 할 수 있으며 협착증의 진단과 교육에 사용될 수 있다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.84-90
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• 2000

Background and Purpose: Stroke in young adults is relatively uncommon. Only 3.7-14.4% of all strokes occur in patients aged 15-45 years. Stroke in young adults has more various and diverse possible causes than stroke in the elderly. We studied to gain further insight into both pathogenic and etiologic determinants in young adults with stroke. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 230 young patients aged 15-45 years who were admitted to the 2nd internal medicine department of Kyung Hee Oriental Medical Center with a diagnosis of stroke between May 1995 and May 1999. We analysed clinical features and diagnostic tests, such as brain imaging, cerebral angiography, echocardiography, 24 hours holter monitoring and other laboratory tests. Results : 1. Of 230 young patients with stroke aged 15-45 years(176 males(76.5%) and 54 females(23.5%)), 140 patients(60.9%) showed ischemic stroke and 90 patients(39.1 %) showed hemorragic stroke. 2. The most prevalent age group was from 40 to 45 years with 142 patients(61.7%) 3. The most frequent site of 140 ischemic stroke was MCA territory in 93 cases(66.4%) and Multiple, VA territory, PCA territory, ACA territory in order of frequency. 4. The most frequent site of 90 hemorrhagic stroke was basal galglia hemorrhage 57 cases(63.3%) and subcortical 13 cases(14.5%), pons, thalmus, subarachnoid, cerebellum in order of frequency. 5. The causes of hemorrhagic stroke were hypertension 49 cases(54.5%), arteriovenous malformation 7 cases(7.8%), ruptured aneurysm 4 cases(4.5%), angioma 3 cases(3.3%). 6. The risk factors of ischemic stroke were smoking, alcohol drinking, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, obesity, heart disease, history of CVA, diabetes mellitus, in order of frequency. 7. The comparison of risk factors between ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke: hypertension was prevalent in hemorrhagic stroke, heart disease and history of CVA were prevalent in ischemic stroke. Conclusions: From the above results, we found that stroke in young adults had various possible causes. Young adults with stroke deserve an extensive but tailored evaluation which include angiography and echocardiography for diagnosis.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제28권1호통권69호
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• pp.25-34
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• 2007

Objectives : The present study was carried out to provide basic information necessary for the prevention and efficient treatment of stroke through a comparison between thr patients of the first attack and those of recurrence. Methods : The observation f3r the current study was made on 210 cases of stroke that were confirmed through brain CT-scan. The patients were hospitalized at one of two oriental medical hospitals in Seoul during 2006. Result : The main results were as follows. First, the male-to-female ratio of stroke patients were 1:1.26, with more primary stroke far females and more recurrent stroke for males. Second, in the age distribution, seventies was the top, and sixties, fifties, and forties were next in the order of frequency. A large city was the most frequent residential site and unemployment was the most frequent occupation to have stroke. The incidence of stroke became higher as patients had a taste for spicy and salty food. Third, the most common preceding disease was hypertension. In the relationship of diastolic blood pressure with recurrence, there was significance in the test of independence. Fourth, the most important precipitating conditions at the onset of stroke were rest and steeping. The most common precedent symptoms were verbal disturbance, numbness, and dizziness. In the stroke patients with hemiparesis, male and female patients usually showed It. hemiparesis. Fifth, as a result of brain CT-scan, cerebral hemorrhage was inclined to reduce but cerebral infarction was inclined to increase due to senility and change of lifestyle. Finally, total cholesterol findings disclosed that 22.4% were hypercholesteremia, 18.6 % were hyperlipemia in triglyceride findings, and 19.0% were glycosemia in glucose findings. Conclusions : The above results suggested avoidance of meat and salty fDod and positive control of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in order to prevent stroke.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.68-71
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• 2011

We present a case of Neuro-Behçet's disease with an unpredictable clinical course. A 47-year-old man was admitted to the neurosurgery department of our hospital with a mild headache. Three days after admission, his consciousness suddenly decreased and respiratory distress progressed rapidly. A brain MRI revealed that the previously observed abnormal signal had extended markedly to both the thalamic areas and the entire brain stem, and the surrounding brain parenchyma were compressed by cerebral edema. Based on the patient's symptoms of recurrent oral and genital ulcers, skin lesions, and uveitis, a rheumatologist made a diagnosis of Behçet's disease with CNS involvement. The patient was treated with high-dose methylprednisolone with respiratory assistance in the intensive care unit for 9 days and his neurologic symptoms improved remarkably. Neuro-Behçet's disease must be considered in the differential diagnosis in rapidly deteriorated young neurological patients along with a stroke, low-grade glioma, multiple sclerosis, and occlusive venous disease.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.69-78
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• 2016

허혈성 뇌졸중은 뇌혈관의 혈전이나 색전에 의해 뇌 혈류가 감소하게 되어 뇌 조직이 기능을 못하는 질환으로, 질환의 특성상 뇌혈관의 폐색 여부를 확인하는 것이 중요하기 때문에 질환의 진단에 있어서 의료 영상이 필수적으로 활용된다. 그 중에서도 뇌 자기공명영상은 뇌의 구조적인 정보들을 얻을 수 있어 질환을 진단하는데 그 지표로 널리 활용되고 있다. 하지만 허혈성 뇌졸중과 같은 응급 질환의 경우 빠른 진단과 처치에 도움이 될 수 있는 지능적인 시스템이 요구됨에 비해, 기존의 의료 영상 저장 시스템으로는 신속하고 직관적인 영상 정보 제공이 어렵다. 즉, 기존의 시스템은 피상적인 메타 데이터를 이용하여 의료 영상을 관리하고 있어 의료 영상에 내재된 주요 의미적 정보를 고려하지 못하고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 뇌 자기공명영상이 내포하고 있는 주요 의미적인 정보인 뇌의 해부학적 구조와 같은 영상 정보를 제공할 수 있도록 하는 템플릿 중심의 영상 매핑 기법을 제안하고자 한다. 제안하는 기법은 방대한 양의 영상을 대표할 수 있는 대표 영상(템플릿)을 선정하여 의미적 특징과 대표 영상(템플릿) 사이의 대응성을 정립하고, 전문가(의사)에 의해서만 분석될 수 있는 영상 사이의 의미적 연관성을 표면화 시켜 의미 기반의 영상 관리를 가능케 한다.

• 턱관절균형의학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.11-15
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• 2018

Recently, clinical efficacies of the intraoral balancing appliance therapy have been reported by several researchers, and it has been found that there are various kinds of diseases that can be effectively applied. However, studies on cerebrovascular disease, one of the main diseases with a high mortality rate, are still poorly reported, and studies of temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD)-induced changes in brain function suggest that cerebrovascular disease is more appropriate as an adaptive disorder of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) balancing device. In the developed countries, the importance of research on the structure and function of the brain has been recognized and spurred on the related research. In Korea, the research on brain function and cognitive disorders should have promoted more massively. In order to regain its former reputation in the Korean medicine in the field of cerebrovascular disease, it should be spurred on basic research and clinical case studies. In addition, extensive and in-depth studies including animal studies are needed to establish the basis of underlying mechanisms of the TMJ balancing therapies.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제28권1호통권69호
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• pp.224-236
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• 2007

Background : Chunghyul-dan is a combinatorial herbal medicine; previous studies reported it had therapeutic effects for microangiopathy, a major part in the progression of small vessel disease, as well as having anti-hypertensive, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidative, and anti-inflammatory activities. Therefor, we examined the inhibitory effect of Chunghyul-dan on stroke recurrence in patients with small vessel disease. Methods : We prescribed Chunghyul-dan at 600 mg a day to patients with small vessel disease, and monitored stroke recurrence, drug compliances, and adverse effect for 1 year. We then performed follow-up brain MRI to find new vascular lesions after 1 year of Chunghyul-dan medication. For the subjects lost to follow-up, we assessed their prognosis after 1 year by telephone. Results : There were 73 subjects treated with Chunghyul-dan for 1 year; new vascular events were found in 3. Of the 85 subjects lost to follow-up, fifty four could be contacted, and eight of them had stroke recurrence. One year of Chunghyul-dan medication reduced the odds ratio of stroke recurrence by 75% compared to the subjects lost to follow-up and the rate increased to 88%, when adjusted for other relevant risk factors for stroke recurrence. These reductions were much higher than those of aspirin and other kinds of conventional anti-platelets. There was no adverse effect in any of the study subjects. Conclusions : We suggest Chunghyul-dan could be useful for inhibition of stroke recurrence. Further study with a randomized controlled trial is needed to confirm this suggestion.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.168-171
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• 2018

Cannabis or marijuana is the most commonly used recreational drug after alcohol in the world, and usage is generally recognized as having few serious adverse effects. However, usage is restricted in South Korea. The report of ischemic stroke associated with cannabis is rare in literature. We present a case of a 47-year-old female patient with no underlying disease presenting with acute ischemic stroke after smoking cannabis in South Korea. The result for synthetic cannabinoid metabolites (delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol) screening was positive. Absence of other vascular risk factors and drug screening results suggest a causal role of cannabis in this ischemic stroke case. The patient eventually progressed to brain death. The underlying mechanism, clinical manifestation, and imaging findings of cannabis-related stroke will be reviewed.

• Interdisciplinary Bio Central
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.7.1-7.3
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• 2010

Stroke, also called an attack on the brain, is a complex disease that results from the interaction of many genetic and environmental factors. StrokePortal is a comprehensive resource for information on stroke that integrates and provides essential findings regarding stroke pathology, diagnostics, and treatments, based on Oriental and Western medicine. The stroke information was collected from various sources, such as journal articles, books, websites, and news stories, and it was refined, classified, and stored into a relational database system by automatic classification and manual curation. To provide the stored information effectively to users, a specialized retrieval system, based on web interfaces, was implemented. StrokePortal provides cutting-edge information to experts; interested people, including patients and their families; and investigators to broaden their knowledge of effective treatments for patients and offer many preventive measures. It provides a specialized feature with which users can upload their information and opinions to StrokePortal, which will enrich and mature the content even further. StrokePortal is freely accessible at http://genomics.kribb.re.kr/StrokePortal/.