• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.107-124
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of children's pride and shame on their interactive peer play, mediated by their daily stress. Methods: The participants of this study were 172 five-year-old children (80 boys and 92 girls) attending kindergartens or child-care centers in Chungbuk, Korea. The data were analyzed by descriptive and correlational analyses, and structural equation modeling using SPSS 19.0 and AMOS 21.0. Results: Children's shame had a significant indirect effect on their interactive peer play, including play-disruption, play-disconnection and play-interactions, mediated by daily stress; children's shame had a significant direct effect on play interaction. However, children's pride did not have a direct effect on daily stress and an indirect effect on their interactive peer play. In other words, high levels of shame among children led to high perceived daily stress. In turn, perceived daily stress increased play-disconnection and play-disruption, while it decreased play-interactions. Meanwhile children's shame led to a low level of play-interaction among young children. Conclusion/Implications: The results imply that children's perceived shame would influence their behaviors in social contexts as well as their psychological wellbeing such as the level of daily stress.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.1015-1024
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• 2010

Objectives : This study was to investigate the level of health risk behavior, athletes stress, quality of life(WHOQOL-BREF) and oral health related quality of life(OHIP-14) and the clinical factors influencing quality of life in athletes Methods : Data were obtained from a cross-sectional survey of 202 university athletes. Data was obtained by means of questionnaire from October 11 to October 15, 2010. Health risk behaviors(Q-F index and smoking), athletes stress, WHOQOL-BREF and OHIP-14 were measured. The data was analysed with t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression using the SPSS program. Results : The prevalence of alcohol drinking, smoking were 84.2% and 37.9%, respectively. Alcohol drinking and cigarette consumption were not related to quality of life though there were the negative correlation between athletes stress and quality of life. Powerful predictors of quality of life were athletes stress, OHIP-14 and perceived health for athletes. Conclusions : Based on the findings, quality of life has a significantly impact on athletes stress, OHIP-14 and perceived health. These results suggest that the implementation of health promotion program should be considered which was decreased athletes stress and was increased level of oral health and perceived health in athletes.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.190-198
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the paternal stress and nursing support as perceived by fathers of high risk infants admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU). Methods: The study participants included 88 fathers of high risk infants in NICUs. Their parental stress and nursing support were measured using a self-report questionnaire. Results: The parental stress level of the fathers was 3.57 of a possible 5. Among the parental stress items, 'Relationship with infant and parental role' had the highest scores. The perceived nursing support level was a relatively high, 3.90 on a 5-point scale. The lowest score was for the item 'showed concern about my well-being.' The parental stress was lower in fathers with low income, higher in fathers in nuclear families and when the infants' condition was serious. Conclusion: The findings indicate that fathers of high risk infants experience intense parental stress. Thus when designing care to provide support for these fathers and their infants, it is necessary to encourage the fathers' engagement, provide information on how to respond to the baby, and include supportive care to the fathers.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.195-211
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• 2004

Stress is a primary health promotion issue in worksite research because psychological distress is closely related not only to workers' health status but also to their job performance. This study identified the significant health behaviors affecting workers' job-related stress in Korean manufacturing industry with the national survey data conducted by the Korean Occupational Safety and Health Agency in 2003. A total of 7,818 factory workers in 1,562 manufacturing companies participated in the Korean nation-wide occupational health survey and 3,390 workers answered that they had any stressors in their workplace among the 7,818 workers finally participated in the analysis. Participants were selected by the stratified proportional sampling process by manufacturing industry classification, company size, and company locations (8 metropolitan and 8 non-metropolitan regions) in Korea. Trained interviewers visited the target companies and interviewed the factory workers randomly selected in each company. Smoking, drinking, weight control, exercise, sleeping, break time at work, and perceived fatigue were included in the health behavior construct. Stress symptoms was consisted of physical and psychological stress with 8 items. All survey responses were anonymously coded into the SPSS statistical program and testified using stepwise multiple regression analysis. Male workers were 73.5% and the 30s were 40.0% among the age groups. The married and the high school graduate were majority with 52.1% and 61.8% each. Current smokers were 44.7% and More than 50% of the participants drank alcohol sometimes. No exercise group was 59.3% and the participants who dissatisfied with their daily sleeping hours were 43.5%. In t-test and analysis of variance, the significant general characteristics associated with physical and psychological job stress were young age (p<0.001), single marital status (p<0.001), and short working period at the present company (p<0.001). The health behaviors related to physical job stress were current smoking, weight change during the past one year (p<0.001), weight control effort (p<0.001), exercise (p<0.001), daily sleeping dissatisfaction (p<0.001), break time, and perceived fatigue (p<0.001). All 10 health behavior factors were significantly associated with psychological job stress (p<0.05). Weight change, weight control effort, exercise, daily sleeping dissatisfaction, little break at work, and high perceived fatigue were significant factors affecting job stress. Daily sleeping dissatisfaction, little break at work, little exercise, weight change for the past one year and young age were selected as the significant health behavior and general factors affecting physical job stress symptoms in stepwise multiple regression analysis. The five factors explained 18.9% of the physical stress score variance. Six factors were selected as the significant health behaviors affecting psychological job stress: daily sleeping dissatisfaction, little exercise, frequent drinking alcohol, high perceived fatigue, little break at work, and little weight control effort. The six factors explained 10.6% of the psychological stress score variance.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.653-662
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the influences of oral health behaviors, depression, and stress on periodontal disease in pregnant women. Methods: The participants in this study were 129 pregnant women. Data were collected using questionnaires which included individual characteristics, oral health care behaviors, the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale (CES-D), a global measure of perceived stress, and pregnancy stress. A dentist measured periodontal probing depth and classified stages of periodontal disease according to the Community Periodontal Index (CPI). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression. Results: Periodontal disease had significant correlations with oral health care behaviors (r=-.56, p <.001), perceived stress (r=.44 p <.001), pregnancy stress (r=.37 p <.001), diet (r=-.33, p <.001) and depression (r=.18 p =.046). Factors influencing periodontal disease for these pregnant women were being in the 2nd (${\beta}=.27$, p <.001) or 3rd trimester (${\beta}=.45$, p <.001), having a pregnancy induced disease (${\beta}=.20$, p =.002), performing higher oral health behaviors (${\beta}=-.30$, p <.001), and having higher perceived stress (${\beta}=.17$, p =.028). The explanation power of this regression model was 61.6% (F=15.52, p <.001). Conclusion: The findings of this study indicated that periodic assessment of periodontal disease is essential for pregnant women who are in 2nd or 3rd trimester and have pregnancy induced diseases. Enhancing oral health care behaviors and reducing perceived stress are indicated as effective strategies to reduce periodontal disease in pregnant women.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.695-704
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• 1998

This study aims for examines the actual physical symptom and stress in caregivers of patients with cerebrovascular disease. The data were collected by a survey conducted from August to September, 1997 which included 65 caregivers of cerebrovascular disease patients in 4 hospitals located in Seoul. The caregiver's stress was measured by Choi (1992)'s instrument and the actual physical symptoms were investigated. The data were analyzed using ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression. The results were as follows : 1. The mean number of caregiver's physical symptom was 3.5. There were significantly higher number of physical symptom in women, those of who have a religious affiliation, those of who perceive their own health status perceived as bad, and those of who perceived their patients disease condition as serious than in their counterparts. Also, the number of caregiver's physical symptom was significantly higher in caregivers whose patients have a paralysis sypmtom and the disease onset as accident than in caregivers whose patients have no paralysis symptom and the disease onset as spontaneous. 2. The average of caregiver's stress was 57.9. The caregiver's stress was the highest in between the ages of 50 and 59. There were also significantly higher level of stress in women, those of who perceived the disease condition of their patients as serious than in their counterparts. 3. The most common caregiver's physical symptom was fatigue(87.7%). This was followed by insomnia(58.5%) and muscle pain(47.7%). 4. Caregiver's physical sypmtom was positively correlated with caregiver's stress and negatively correlated with patient's activity of daily life. 5. The most important vairable affecting the caregiver's physical symtom was patient's activity of daily life which accounted for 12.7% of the total variance in stepwise multiple regression analysis. The most important vairable affecting the caregiver's stress was the patient disease condition perceived by the caregiver that accounted for 12.1% of the total variance.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.168-176
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• 2017

This is a descriptive study to determine the influence of character strength of nursing students on perceived stress. Data were collected from 174 nursing students in the A- area and analyzed using SPSS WIN 21.0 program. The character strength of nursing studentswas $3.46{\pm}.34$(on a 5-point scale) and perceived stress was $2.84{\pm}.42$(on a 5-point scale). Among the subdomains of character strengths, humanity was the highest,with a score of $3.65{\pm}.49$. The perceived stress of nursing students showed a negative correlation with character strength(r=-.50, p<.001) and was negatively correlated with all subdomains of character strength. In addition, the factor that most affected the perceived stress of nursing students-among general characteristics-was very difficult family experience (${\beta}=.146$, p=.026), and the factors with the greatest effect among the subdomains of character strengths were courage(${\beta}=-.250$, p=.006) and transcendence(${\beta}=-.275$, p=.013). These three factors were found to explain 39.5% of variance in perceived stress. Therefore, these results demonstrate the need to explore interventions that enable nursing school faculty and counseling staff to help confirm character strengths and reduce stress in students with hard time getting adjusted to nursing school.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.33-45
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to investigate that how much do middle and high school students feel stress and life satisfaction in usual life : how much do stress affect their life satisfaction : and which variables affect their stress and life satisfaction. The samples are 235 middle and high school students in Kangneung, The results of this study are summarized as belows; First. In the case of student’s stress, it is perceived that the degree of school life stress is higher than that of family life stress. And the level of family life satisfaction is higher than that the level of school life satisfaction. Second. the students who perceived a lower level of stress showed the higher life satisfaction. The family life stress is a more influential variable than school life stress to life satisfaction Third, the variables that affect the student’s life satisfaction are sex, the school achievement, the perception on the level of living, communication with the family. the relationship with the teacher and the family life stress. These variables account for about 58.8% of the variance of the student’s life satisfaction.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.5-13
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• 2008

Purpose: The study was to identify the relationship among perceived stress, coping strategies and satisfaction f clinical experience in nursing students and to examine difference of grade. Methods: A total 238 nursing students (second grade: 141 students, third grade: 97 students) from K. Womens' College were provided with self reported questionnaires from July 26, 2006 to July. 30, 2006. Perceived stress was measured using Perceived Stress Scale. Coping was measured using Coping Responses Inventory-Adult form. Satisfaction of clinical experience was measured using Satisfaction Inventory. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson's Correlation Coefficient with SPSS 12.0 program. Result: Participants showed that a high level of perceived stress score $2.71{\pm}.47$ of total 4 (2nd grad) and $2.67{\pm}.35$ of total 4 (3rd grade). Approach Coping Scales score of coping strategies was $68.19{\pm}6.06$ (2nd grade), $63.38{\pm}6.69$ (3rd grade) of total 96, then coping mechanism's mean among 2nd grade nursing students was higher than 3rd grade nursing students. Satisfaction score of clinical experience in 2nd grade nursing students was $3.01{\pm}.32$ and higher than 3rd grade ($2.99{\pm}.38$). There was a negative correlation r=-.264 (p=.000) between perceived stress during clinical practice and satisfaction. It was statistically significant. There was a positive correlation r=.154 (p<.05) between satisfaction score of clinical experience in nursing students and approach coping scales score. Conclusion: With these findings, we found that the more approach coping level, the more satisfaction of clinical practice. It is needed to developing effective teaching method and coping strategies for nursing students to improve their coping ability and prepare qualified nursing profession.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.1036-1045
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• 2017

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between mental health and health risk behaviors of college students and to verify that depression has mediating effects in the relation between perceived stress and health risk behaviors. Data were obtained from the 2015 Community Health Survey conducted nationally, and the subjects of this study were 8,422 college students ranging in age from 19 to 29. Rao-Scott Chi-square test, logistic regression analysis, and Sobel test were used for data analysis. The results of the study showed that perceived stress, depression, present smoking, binge drinking, and high risk drinking of college students were associated with sex, age, and monthly household income. Smoking, binge drinking and high-risk drinking were affected by perceived stress, and depression was an influence factor of current smoking and binge drinking. Depression showed partial mediating effect between perceived stress and current smoking and between perceived stress and binge drinking. Such results suggest that a comprehensive behavioral health intervention strategy that covers mental health care of college students is necessary.