• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.5059-5062
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• 2015

Background: ALL is an irredeemable disease due to the resistance to treatment. There are several influences which are involved in such resistance to chemotherapy, including oxidative stress as a result of the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and presence of hypodiploid cells. Cluster of differentiation 26 (CD26), also known as dipeptidyl peptidase-4, is a 110 kDa, multifunctional, membrane-bound glycoprotein. Aim and objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance of serum CD26 in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia patients in the post remission induction phase, as well as the relationship between CD26 activity and the oxidative stress status. Materials and Methods: CD26, total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI), in addition to activity of related enzymes myeloperoxidase, glutathione-s-transferase and xanthine oxidase, were analysed in sixty children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in the post remission induction phase. Results: The study showed significant elevation in CD26, TOS and OSI levels in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in the post remission induction phase in comparison to healthy control samples. In contrast, myeloperoxidase, glutathione-s-transferase and xanthine oxidase activities were decreased significantly. A significant correlation between CD26 concentration and some oxidative stress parameters was evident in ALL patients. Conclusions: Serum levels of CD26 appear to be useful as a new biomarker of oxidative stress in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in the post remission induction phase, and levels of antioxidants must be regularly estimated during the treatment of children with ALL.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.2759-2763
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• 2013

Background: Impaired oxidative/antioxidative status plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many diseases like cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of the novel marker ischemia modified albumin (IMA) and albumin adjusted-IMA (Adj-IMA) in patients with bladder cancer (BC) as well as its association with total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI). Materials and Methods: Forty male patients with BC (mean age, $67.4{\pm}12$ years) and forty age-sex matched healthy persons (mean age $56.0{\pm}1.7$ years) were included in this study. Serum levels of IMA, TAS, TOS were analyzed and Adj- IMA and OSI was calculated. Results: Serum IMA, TOS and OSI values were significantly higher in patients with BC compared to controls (p<0.0001, p=0.01 and p=0.01, respectively), whereas TAS was significantly lower in BC patients (p=0.04). There was no significant difference for serum albumin-adjusted IMA levels between groups (p=0.4). Conclusions: In this study, it was found that there was an impaired oxidative/antioxidant status in favor of oxidative stress in BC patients. This observation was not confirmed by Adj-IMA calculation. There is no published report about serum concentrations of IMA in patients with BC. Further studies are needed to establish the relationship of IMA and oxidative stress parameters in BC and the significance of IMA to other cancers.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제63권8호
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• pp.314-320
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• 2020

Background: The accumulation of unpaired α-globin chains in patients with β-thalassemia major may clinically create ineffective erythropoiesis, hemolysis, and chronic anemia. Multiple blood transfusions and iron overload cause cellular oxidative damage. However, α-tocopherol, an antioxidant, is a potent scavenger of lipid radicals in the membranes of red blood cells (RBCs) of patients with β-thalassemia major. Purpose: To evaluate the effects of α-tocopherol on hemolysis and oxidative stress markers on the RBC membranes of patients with β-thalassemia major. Methods: Forty subjects included in this randomized controlled trial were allocated to the placebo and α-tocopherol groups. Doses of α-tocopherol were based on Institute of Medicine recommendations: 4-8 years old, 200 mg/day; 9-13 years old, 400 mg/day; 14-18 years old, 600 mg/day. Hemolysis, oxidative stress, and antioxidant variables were evaluated before and after 4-week α-tocopherol or placebo treatment, performed before blood transfusions. Results: Significant enhancements in plasma haptoglobin were noted in the α-tocopherol group (3.01 mg/dL; range, 0.60-42.42 mg/dL; P=0.021). However, there was no significant intergroup difference in osmotic fragility test results; hemopexin, malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione (GSH), or oxidized glutathione (GSSG) levels; or GSH/GSSG ratio. Conclusion: Use of α-tocopherol could indirectly improve hemolysis and haptoglobin levels. However, it played no significant role in oxidative stress or as an endogen antioxidant marker in β-thalassemia major.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.398-404
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• 2014

Salt stress is one of the major abiotic stresses affecting the yield of ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer). The objective of this study was to identify bio-marker, which is early responsive in salt stress in ginseng, using proteomics approach. Ginseng plants were exposed to 5 ds/m salt concentration and samples were harvested at 0, 6, 12 and 18 hours after exposure. Total proteins were extracted from ginseng leaves treated with salt stress using Mg/NP-40 buffer and were separated on high resolution 2-DE. Approximately $1003{\pm}240$ (0 h), $992{\pm}166$ (6 h), $1051{\pm}51$ (12 h) and $990{\pm}160$ (18 h) spots were detected in colloidal CBB stained 2D maps. Among these, 8 spots were differentially expressed and were identified by using MALDI-TOF/TOF MS or/and LC-MS/MS. Ethylene response sensor-1 (spot GL 1), nucleotide binding protein (spot GL 2), carbonic anhydrase-1 (spot GL 3), thylakoid lumenal 17.9 kDa protein (spot GL 4) and Chlorophyll a/b binding protein (spot GL 5, GL 6) were up-regulated at the 12 and 18 hour, while RuBisCO activase B (spot GL 7) and DNA helicase (spot GL 8) were down-regulated. Thus, we suggest that these proteins might participate in the early response to salt stress in ginseng leaves.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.704-709
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• 2023

Objective: In tropical, subtropical and arid zones, heat stress is the main cause of productivity reduction in cattle. When climate stressors occur, animals become thermal adapted through differential expression of some genes, including heat shock proteins (HSP) family. The aim of this study was to determine levels of expression of HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90 genes in Simmental cattle raised in tropical environments of Mexico. Methods: In this study, expression of HSP60, HSP70, and HSP90 genes was analyzed in 116 Simmental cattle from three farms with tropical climate located in western Mexico. Animals were sampled twice a day, in the morning and noon. Gene expression was evaluated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction using probes marked with fluorescence. The MIXED procedure of SAS with repeated measures was used for all statistical analysis. Results: HSP60 gene expression differences were found for sex (p = 0.0349). HSP70 gene differences were detected for sampling hour (p = 0.0042), farm (p<0.0001), sex (p = 0.0476), and the interaction sampling hour×farm (p = 0.0002). Gene expression differences for HSP90 were observed for farm (p<0.0001) and year (p = 0.0521). HSP70 gene showed to be a better marker of heat stress than HSP60 and HSP90 genes. Conclusion: Expression of HSP70 gene in Simmental herds of the tropical region of western México was different during early morning and noon, but the expression of the HSP60 and HSP90 genes was similar. Identification of resilient animals to heat stress will be useful in the genetic improvement of the Simmental breed.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.526-537
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• 2023

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major health problem worldwide and its eradication is mandatory. Direct acting HCV polymerase inhibitors, such as Sofosbuvir (SOF), is an effective regimen. However, it has some side effects like mutagenesis, carcinogenesis, and the impairment of testicular function. It is important to evaluate the safety of SOF on the ovary, as there are no studies yet. Increasing the production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), causes oxidative stress, which affects ovulation process, female reproduction, and fertility. Accumulation of SOF in the cells was demonstrated to promote ROS generation. Vitamin E (Vit E) is an antioxidant agent that has an essential role in the female reproductive system, its deficiency can cause infertility. We explored the effect of SOF treatment alone and co-treated with Vit E on ovarian ROS level and ovarian morphology experimentally using biochemical and immunohistochemical studies. Significant changes in oxidative stress markers; nitric oxide and malondialdehyde lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes; catalase, super oxide dismutase, and reduced glutathione, proliferating markers; proliferation cell nuclear antigen and Ki-67 antigen and caspase 3 apoptotic marker were demonstrated. It was shown that where SOF induced oxidative stress, it also aggravated ovarian dysfunction. The essential role of Vit E as an antioxidant agent in protecting the ovarian tissue from the effect of oxidative stress markers and preserving its function was also displayed. This could be guidance to add Vit E supplements to SOF regimens to limit its injurious effect on ovarian function.

• 감성과학
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.71-82
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 스트레스에 대한 심리 반응 요인과 인지 스트레스원에 의해 유발된 심박변이도의 변화와의 관계를 확인하고자 하였다. 33명의 실험참여자는 지난 2주 동안 경험한 스트레스에 대하여 정신적 신체적 증상들을 스트레스 반응 척도 상에 평가하였다. 또한 실험참여자가 인지 스트레스 과제를 수행하는 동안 심전도 신호가 기록되었다. 심박변이도 지표로서, R-R간격의 표준편차(SDNN), 연속한 R-R 간격 차이 값의 평균제곱근(RMSSD)과 심박변이도의 저주파 성분(LF)과 고주파 성분(HF)의 비율이 추출되었다. 스트레스 반응은 회복기 동안의 평균에서 기저선의 평균을 뺀 차이값으로 분석에 사용되었다. 분석 결과, 스트레스 요인과 심박변이도 지표들과의 유의한 정적 상관을 보였다. 특히 스트레스에 대한 공격 반응의 증가는 모든 심박변이도 지표의 증가와 연관이 있었다. 모든 심박변이도 지표의 증가는 자율신경계가 동시에 활성화됨을 의미한다. 즉, 공격 반응의 증가는 교감 및 부교감신경계의 활성도의 증가와 관련이 있다. 또한 긴장, 우울, 피로와 좌절은 RMSSD와의 정적 상관이 있었다. RMSSD의 증가는 부교감신경계 활성의 증가를 의미하는 것으로, 긴장, 우울, 피로, 좌절의 증가와 부교감 신경의 활성도의 증가가 연관이 있었다. 이러한 자율신경의 공동 활성화는 주의 집중을 요하는 인지 스트레스원에 대한 통합된 반응으로 여겨진다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.233-240
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• 2017

본 연구는 소포체스트레스(endoplasmic reticulum stress)에 의해 유발되는 지방간(hepatic steatosis)에 대한 오미자추출물(Schisandra chinensis)의 주요성분인 gomisin A의 지방간 보호 효능에 대하여 연구하였다. 이를 위해 HepG2 세포에 소포체스트레스 유도물질인 tunicamycin 또는 palmitate을 처리하여 세포에서의 지방간 모델을 만들어 실험을 진행 하였으며, 소포체스트레스 표지자(marker)인 GRP78, CHOP, XBP-1의 발현을 측정하였다. Tunicamycin 처리한 세포에서는 GRP78, CHOP, XBP-1의 발현이 증가되었으나, gomisin A를 처리 한 세포에서는 이들의 발현 증가가 억제됨을 확인하였다. 이는 palmitate를 처리한 HepG2 세포에서도 palmitate에 의해 증가하는 소포체스트레스 표지자들이 gomisin A을 처리한 세포에서 발현이 감소함을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과에 의해, gomisin A는 소포체스트레스를 억제함을 알 수 있었다. 다음으로 gomisin A가 in vivo에서 소포체스트레스 및 지방간에 대한 보호효과가 있는지 확인하기 위해, tunicamycin과 고지방(high fat diet)으로 식이 한 쥐에서 소포체스트레스와 지방간의 보호효능에 대해 실험을 진행하였다. Tunicamycin과 고지방식이을 한 쥐의 간에서 중성지방이 증가하였으나, gomisin A를 처리한 쥐의 간에서 중성지방의 수준이 유의적으로 감소함을 확인하였다. 소포체스트레스 표지자들 역시 tunicamycin이나 고지방식이을 한 쥐에서 증가되나 gomisin A를 처리한 쥐에서 감소됨을 확인하였다. Gomisin A의 염증 반응에서의 조절기능을 확인하기 위하여 $TNF-{\alpha}$, IL-6 그리고 MCP1과 같은 염증관련 유전자들의 발현을 분석한 결과, tunicamycin이나 고지방식이을 한 쥐에서 염증유전자들의 발현이 증가하였으나 gomisin A를 처리한 쥐에서는 유의적으로 감소하였다. 종합적으로 본 연구 결과에 의하면, gomsin A는 소포체스트레스를 억제하여 지방간의 생성을 저해함을 알 수 있었다.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제16권
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• pp.24-30
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• 1998

수분(水分) 스트레스에 의한 식물체(植物體)의 방어기구(防禦機構)와 관련(關聯)된 superoxide dismutase와 catalase의 활성도(活性度) 변화(變化)를 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 수분(水分) 스트레스(drought, flooding) 처리시(處理時) 큰올콩과 은하콩 모두 수분(水分) 함량(含量)과 가용성(可溶性) 단백질(蛋白質) 함량(含量)이 감소(減少)하여 말성숙(末成熟) 노화(老化)를 나타내었다. 가시적(可視的)인 피해(被害)는 drought 처리시(處理時)가 flooding 처리(處理)에 비(比)해 크게 나타났고 큰올콩이 은하콩에 비(比)해 크게 나타났다. superoxide dismutase의 활성(活性)은 drought처리시(處理時) 2일(日)째에 급격(急激)한 감소(減少)를 보이다가 회복(回復)되고 다시 감소(減少)하는 경향(傾向)을 보였으며 flooding처리시(處理時)는 처리기간(處理期間)에 따라 점차(漸次) 감소(減少)하였고 큰올콩의 감소정도(減少程度)가 더 크게 나타났다. catalase의 활성(活性)은 drought처리시(處理時)는 감소(減少)하는 경향(傾向)이었으나 flooding처리시(處理時) 2일(日)째에 급격(急激)한 감소(減少)를 나타낸 후 일정(一定)하게 유지(維持)되는 경향(傾向)을 보였다. 수분(水分)스트레스 처리후(處理後) 3일간(日間)의 회복기(回復期)를 주었을 때 두 효소(酵素)의 활성(活性)은 점차(漸次) 회복(回復)되었다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.565-573
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• 1993

Noise is not only affecting the ear and the auditory cortex locally, but its influence is widely spread throughout the brain structures, e. g., the reticular formation, the brain stem nuclei or the subcortical forebrain area. Hence, any of the organism's activities can be hindered or stimulated by noise. High noise is a stressor and the catecholamine level can be used both as a stress marker and as an indicator of modified sympathetic nervous system activity. Several recent studies have found that the urinary excretion of catecholamines is increased due to high noise intensity, especially unexpectedly high and long lasting noise. The present study was conducted in order to examine the effects of noise stress on urinary excretion of ctecholamines in rats and humans. Rats were exposed to 90 dB noise for 10, 30, and 60 minutes, 3 and 12 hours. 24 hour . urinary samples were collected and the catecholamones were extracted by alumina and analyzed by HPLC-ECD. Catecholamine levels increased with time of exposure up to 60 minutes : norepinephrine concentration at 60 min of noise=1.038 ng/ml, epinephrine=0.636 ng/ml. Urine catecholamines of blue collar workers exposed to 90 dB of noise at the work place were collected between 2 and 4 p.m. and compared to that of white collar workers exposed to 70 dB. Mean norepinephrine level of the blue collar workers was 0.89 ng/ml (${\pm}0.25$), epinephrine 0.24ng/m1 (${\pm}0.09$), and that of the white collar workers 0.48 ng/ml (${\pm}0.12$), epinephrine 0.19 ng/ml(${\pm}0.05$). It was concluded that noise acts as a stressor and increases the catecholamine levels in both rats and humans.