• Journal of Family Relations
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.25-47
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• 2016

Objectives: This research aimed to compare perceived stress among unemployed younger adults in South Korea and the UK, particularly the relation between perceived stress levels of unemployed younger adults and their perception of their level of social support including family support and community support. Method: In order to achieve a research purpose, this study undertook a quantitative analysis of 306 unemployed younger adults in portal sites of job recruiting centers in the UK and South Korea from the period of June to July 2014. Results: The analysis found that unemployed younger adults in the UK perceived higher levels of social support, family support among social support, and community support among social support than that of South Korea. Secondly, in the UK perceived levels of social support and community support among female unemployed younger adults outweighed that of male ones. Thirdly, in the dimension of perceived stress, unemployed younger adults in two countries reported opposite results via social class.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.482-486
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• 2012

Cerebral monoamines play important roles as neurotransmitters that are associated with various stressful stimuli. Some components such as ginsenosides (triterpenoidal glycosides derived from the Ginseng Radix) may interact with monoamine systems. The aim of this study was to determine whether ginsenoside Rb1 can modulate levels of the monoamines such as dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA), dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (EP), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), 5-hydorxytryptamine (5-HT), 5-hydroxindole-3-acetic acid (5-HIAA), and 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) in mice frontal cortex and cerebellum in response to immobilization stress. Mice were treated with ginsenoside Rb1 (10 mg/kg, oral) before a single 30 min immobilization stress. Acute immobilization stress resulted in elevation of monoamine levels in frontal cortex and cerebellum. Pretreatment with ginsenoside Rb1 attenuated the stress-induced changes in the levels of monoamines in each region. The present findings showed the anti-stress potential of ginsenoside Rb1 in relation to regulation effects on the cerebral monoaminergic systems. Therefore, the ginsenoside Rb1 may be a useful candidate for treating several brain symptoms related with stress.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.183-189
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• 2020

This paper presents an experimental investigation regarding the sensitivity of electrical impedance of a steel wire to tensile stress, ambient temperature and induced frequency. For various stress levels and temperatures, the electrical impedance of a steel wire has been measured on a self-sensing system. The three experimental cases are carried out at various temperature conditions, stress levels and applied frequencies. If the temperature increases and stress level decreases at a given frequency, the electrical impedance on the steel wire increases. The results show that the correlation between electrical impedance and temperature is a linear relationship at all stress levels. It is noted that the sensitivity of impedance to temperature is much higher than the stress.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.297-306
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between stress and oral health symptoms in adolescents in multicultural families. Methods: The data from the 10th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBWS) were analyzed using PASW Statistics 18.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). A total of 795 adolescents, whose mother or father's home country is not Korea, were selected as the final analysis subjects. Results: There was a correlation between the subject's stress level and oral health symptoms. Toothache was significantly increased 2.474 times (p<0.001) compared to lower stress levels. Gum pain and halitosis were significantly increased by 2.394 times and 1.820 times, respectively, compared with those who had low stress (0.001, 0.008). Conclusions: The results suggest that stress experienced by adolescents in multicultural families affects oral health symptoms. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the stress factors and levels in adolescents belonging to multicultural families whose physical and emotional changes are evident and develop a customized program considering their characteristics.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.314-322
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to examine associations between job stress and work-related musculoskeletal symptoms (WRMS) in street sanitation workers. Methods: A cross-sectional correlational study was conducted with 87 male street sanitation workers at E Gu in Seoul. The Job stress and WRMS were measured by using the Korean Occupational Stress Scale-Short Form and the KOSHA GUIDE H-9-2012 instrument, respectively. The WRMS was evaluated according to the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health criteria. Results: The participants reported greater levels of insufficient job control and interpersonal conflict than the general Korean population. Of the participants, 44.8% reported WRMS at any body parts. Specifically, 28.7% reported WRMS at upper parts, while 16.5% reported WRMS at lower parts. Compared to low levels of job demand, its high levels were significantly associated with WRMS at both upper and lower parts of the body (OR=3.62, 95% CI=1.15~11.38; OR=3.60, 95% CI=1.04~12.39). Compared to low levels of occupational climate, its high levels were significantly associated with WRMS at upper parts of the body (OR=3.18, 95% CI=1.22~8.26). Conclusion: Among street sanitation workers, job stress may be a correlate of WRMS. Therefore, nursing strategies for reducing job stress are needed to prevent and manage WRMS.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.81-89
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• 2017

Purpose: This study was performed to identify levels of clinical practice stress and coping strategies according to the personality/behavior types of nursing students. Methods: The subjects of this study were 143 third- and fourth-grade nursing students in 14 nursing colleges who had experienced clinical practice. The questionnaire consisted of instruments to identify Dominance, Influence, Steadiness, and Conscientiousness (DISC) personality/behavior types, clinical stress, and stress coping strategies. The data were analyzed using Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, descriptive statistics, and ANOVA, using the SPSS 24.0 program. Results: The DISC pattern showed high priority in Steadiness (48.3%), followed by Conscientiousness (21.0%), Influence (16.1%), and Dominance (14.7%), in that order. The steadiness type showed the lowest level of stress among four patterns. Conclusion: This study found that the personality/behavior types of nursing students differ. Additionally, different personality/behavior types can be attributed to stress levels and stress coping behaviors. Based on these results, different personality and behavior types of nursing students should be considered to manage their stress levels related to the clinical practicum experience.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.10
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• pp.1500-1509
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• 2020

Drought is a major abiotic factor and has drastically reduced crop yield globally, thus damaging the agricultural industry. Drought stress decreases crop productivity by negatively affecting crop morphological, physiological, and biochemical factors. The use of drought tolerant bacteria improves agricultural productivity by counteracting the negative effects of drought stress on crops. In this study, we isolated bacteria from the rhizosphere of broccoli field located in Daehaw-myeon, Republic of Korea. Sixty bacterial isolates were screened for their growth-promoting capacity, in vitro abscisic acid (ABA), and sugar production activities. Among these, bacterial isolates YNA59 was selected based on their plant growth-promoting bacteria traits, ABA, and sugar production activities. Isolate YNA59 highly tolerated oxidative stress, including hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and produces superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities in the culture broth. YNA59 treatment on broccoli significantly enhanced plant growth attributes, chlorophyll content, and moisture content under drought stress conditions. Under drought stress, the endogenous levels of ABA, jasmonic acid (JA), and salicylic acid (SA) increased; however, inoculation of YNA59 markedly reduced ABA (877 ± 22 ng/g) and JA (169.36 ± 20.74 ng/g) content, while it enhanced SA levels (176.55 ± 9.58 ng/g). Antioxidant analysis showed that the bacterial isolate YNA59 inoculated into broccoli plants contained significantly higher levels of SOD, CAT, and APX, with a decrease in GPX levels. The bacterial isolate YNA59 was therefore identified as Variovorax sp. YNA59. Our current findings suggest that newly isolated drought tolerant rhizospheric Variovorax sp. YNA59 is a useful stress-evading rhizobacterium that improved drought-stress tolerance of broccoli and could be used as a bio-fertilizer under drought conditions.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.32-37
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• 2011

The effects of herbal ethanol extract from Gynostemma pentaphyllum (GP extract) on chronic stress-induced anxiety in mice were investigated. The animals were treated with GP extracts (50 and 100 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 21 days before exposure to electric footshock (EF; duration and interval 10 sec for 3 min, 2 mA) for chronic stress once a day. The ambulatory locomotor activity was reduced by chronic EF stress and it was recovered by 12.9-15.1% in GP extract-treated groups. The grip strength was also significantly decreased by chronic EF stress, however, the EF-stressed groups treated with GP extract increased grip strength from 13.9% to 56.8% compared to EF-stressed groups. In addition, the serum levels of corticosterone were significantly elevated by chronic EF stress to 197% of the control levels, which was reduced to 73.1% by treatment with GP extract (100 mg/kg). In contrast, the brain levels of dopamine and serotonin were reduced to 67.6% and 63.1% by chronic EF stress, which was recovered to 90% of the control levels by treatment with GP extract. These results indicate that GP extract shows the ameliorating effects on chronic EF stress-induced anxiety in mice and it can be developed as the promising anti-anxiety agent.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.9-20
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• 2023

The mechanism is unclear for the reported protective effect of hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning against oxidative stress in tissues, and the distinct effects of hyperbaric oxygen applied after stress. The trained mice were divided into three groups: the control, hyperbaric oxygenation preconditioning, and hyperbaric oxygenation applied after mild (fasting) or hard (prolonged exercise) stress. After preconditioning, we observed a decrease in basal levels of nitric oxide, tetrahydrobiopterin, and catalase despite the drastic increase in inducible and endothelial nitric oxide synthases. Moreover, the basal levels of glutathione, related enzymes, and nitrosative stress only increased in the preconditioning group. The control and preconditioning groups showed a similar mild stress response of the endothelial and neuronal nitric oxide synthases. At the same time, the activity of all nitric oxide synthase, glutathione (GSH) in muscle, declined in the experimental groups but increased in control during hard stress. The results suggested that hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning provoked uncoupling of nitric oxide synthases and the elevated levels of GSH in muscle during this study, while hyperbaric oxygen applied after stress showed a lower level of GSH but higher recovery post-exercise levels in the majority of antioxidant enzymes. We discuss the possible mechanisms of the redox response and the role of the nitric oxide in this process.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2020.12a
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• pp.237-242
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• 2020

Construction noise is among the most critical stressors that adversely affect the quality of life of the people residing near construction sites. Many countries strictly regulate construction noise based on sound pressure levels, as well as timeslots and type of construction equipment. However, individuals react differently to noise, and their tolerance to noise levels varies, which should be considered when regulating construction noise. Although studies have attempted to analyze individuals' stress responses to construction noise, the lack of quantitative methods to measure stress has limited our understanding of individuals' stress responses to noise. Therefore, the authors proposed a quantitative stress measurement framework with a wearable electroencephalogram (EEG) sensor to decipher human brain wave patterns caused by diverse construction stressors (e.g., worksite hazards). This present study extends this framework to investigate the feasibility of using the wearable EEG sensor to measure individuals' emotional stress responses to construction noise in a laboratory setting. EEG data were collected from three subjects exposed to different construction noises (e.g., tonal vs. impulsive noises, different sound pressure levels) recorded at real construction sites. Simultaneously, the subjects' perceived stress levels against these noises were measured. The results indicate that the wearable EEG sensor can help understand diverse individuals' stress responses to nearby construction noises. This research provides a more quantitative means for measuring the impact of the noise generated at a construction site on neighboring communities, which can help frame more reasonable construction noise regulations that consider various types of residents in urban areas.