• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.267-277
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to help the women with stress urinary incontinence lead more comfortable life, by letting them to do pelvic muscle exercise and to learn by direct experience the effect that urinary incontinence is controlled. The research design was a one-group pretest-posttest design. The subjects were 16 middle-aged women(over 38) with stress urinary incontinence. The study was conducted from August 1, to October 11, 1999. Women trained themselves for muscular strength and endurance, every the other day for each exercise for six weeks at home(that means each exercise for more than three days a week) in the pelvic muscle exercise program which was developed by Dougherty et al., and filled out exercise participation card every week. They visited laboratory once a week to get visual feedback, by means of Perineometer, of how the pelvic muscle exercise was going on. Stress Urinary Incontinence Scale that Lee, Young-Sook revised and supplemented Hendrickson's original scale was used for measuring the frequency and situation scores of urinary incontinence, "30 minute pad test" was carried out for measuring the amount of urinary incontinence, and Perineometer was used for measuring maximum vaginal contraction pressure. Percentage, mean, standard deviation and Wilcoxon signed ranks test were used for data analysis by means of SPSS/PC+ WIN 9.0 program. The results were summarized as follows : The hypothesis 1 that after carrying out pelvic muscle exercise program on women with stress urinary incontinence, the weekly degree of urinary incontinence would reduce compared to before the exercise was supported. The hypothesis 1-1 that after carrying out pelvic muscle exercise program on women with stress urinary incontinence, the weekly frequency of urinary incontinence would reduce compared to before the exercise was supported (p=.003). The hypothesis 1-2 that after carrying out pelvic muscle exercise program on women with stress urinary incontinence, the situation scores of urinary incontinence would reduce compared to before the exercise was supported(p=.044). The hypothesis 2 that after carrying out pelvic muscle exercise program on women with stress urinary incontinence, the amount of urinary incontinence would reduce compared to before the exercise was supported(p=.001). The hypothesis 3 that after carrying out pelvic muscle exercise program on women with stress urinary incontinence, the maximum vaginal contraction pressure would increase compared to before the exercise was supported (p=.012). These results suggest that pelvic muscle exercise program has an effect on women with stress urinary incontinence in the degree and amount of urinary incontinence and maximum vaginal contraction pressure. So it is judged that training women with stress urinary incontinence for pelvic muscle exercise is an effective nursing intervention strategy in order to care urinary incontinence.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.93-106
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• 2004

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of moxibustion on the stress urinary incontinence for middle-aged women. The study was performed with the nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design from April 14 thru June 16, 2003. Methods: The subjects are 60 middle-aged women with stress urinary incontinence which are composed of 30 in the experimental group and another 30 in the control group. The moxibustion procedure was applied to the experimental group in a week, and then the level of stress urinary incontinence was measured by using the revised Hendrickson's scale. Results: The results of this study are as follows: 1. Average period of stress urinary incontinence is 4.12 years, and the level of stress urinary incontinence is predominant in the mild state(63.3%), and the frequency of stress urinary incontinence is mostly 2-6 times per week(70%). 2. Hypothesis: Stress urinary incontinence will decrease for the experimental group as compared with for the control group: accepted(t=-5.113, p=0.000). Conclusion: Based on the results described above, it is considered that the moxibustion might be very effective oriental nursing intervention for improving the stress urinary incontinence for the middle-aged women.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.46-56
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of pelvic floor muscle exercise on reducing the symptoms of stress urinary incontinence and improving attitude toward exercise and quality of life. Method: The research adopted was a nonequivalent control group pretest posttest design. The subjects were 55 persons who were surveyed using a structured questionnaire, and 23 persons in the experimental group among the total sample were measured for the peak pressure and the duration of PMC and trained correct pelvic floor muscle contraction using peritron in the first week. Then, pelvic floor muscle exercise was implemented for 6 weeks. The data was analyzed by $\chi^2$-test and t-test with the SPSS 10.0 program. Results: 1) The degree of stress urinary incontinence, frequency of urination, nocturia, urgency, noctural incontinence, the frequency and quantity of incontinence, outer clothing change and incomplete emptying decreased significantly more in the experimental group than in the control group. 2) Attitude toward pelvic floor muscle exercise and the qualify of life were improved significantly more in the experimental group than in the control group. 3) The peak pressure and duration of PMC increased significantly more in the posttest. Conclusion: Based on the results above, it is judged that pelvic floor muscle exercise is an effective nursing intervention in order to care for stress urinary incontinence.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.210-216
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• 2007

Purpose: The effects of non-operation treatment on the stress urinary incontinence is low by 20-50%. And the way of operation has higher recovery, but it also has problems of the aftereffects and invasive aspects. So It is demanded for improvement of non-invasive to relieve this disease. Methods: The patient was 55-year-old woman who had suffered from incontinence six years ago. The patient was diagnosed by stress urinary incontinence, and treated by Herbal medicine and acupuncture treatment. The progress of symtoms was evaluated by checking the score of doing multiplication the severity and the frequency. Results: After the oriental medical treatments, the clinical score of stress urinary incontinence was improved from 12 to 0. Conclusion: This study shows that the oriental medicine may be considered for the non-invasive of stress urinary incontinence, and the study of effect is more needed.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.8
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• pp.1427-1433
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• 2004

Purpose. The elderly with UI experienced urine leakage for a long time. The prevalence of UI has increased and it makes costly. Particularly, the elderly were reluctant to visit a hospital or a clinic for the reasons of modesty and poverty. To solve this problem, incontinence intervention programs should be provided at the elderly welfare center. The purpose of this research was to develop Incontinence Intervention Program for the Elderly Women (IIPE) and evaluate in its effect. Methods. The study design was quasi-experimental with pre and post-test. The study was performed for ten weeks at one elderly welfare center, Seoul, Korea. The subjects were gathered through an official announcement and informed consent was obtained. IIPE, in this study, was consisted of diagnosis, education, exercise and evaluation. The study variables were PFM exercise adherence, pelvic muscle strength, Continence self-efficacy, geriatric depression and incontinence stress. The effects of the IIPE on PFM exercise adherence, pelvic muscle strength, Continence self-efficacy, geriatric depression and incontinence stress were also evaluated. Results. The mean age of the subjects was 75.2 years. The average attendance was 6.2 times. The IIPE improved PFM exercise adherence, intra-vaginal contraction power and CSE significantly. But it was not significant in incontinence stress and geriatric depression. Other important results were that the two-finger test and urine stream interruption were more useful for elderly women with rigid vaginas in teaching and evaluating. Conclusion. The Findings suggest that IIPE is effective to the community-residing elderly. Further investigation is needed on a long-term basis with control group.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.60-68
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between lower urinary tract symptoms and urodynamic parameters to investigate the characteristics of mixed urinary incontinence (MUI) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods: The subjects were 318 women with MUI and 128 women with SUI. Data were collected retrospectively from electronic medical records including Bristol Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms-Scored Form (BFLUTS-SF), Incontinence Quality of Life Instrument (I-QOL), voiding diaries, and urodynamic parameters. Results: Compared with the SUI group, the MUI group was older and showed lower I-QOL and more severe urinary tract symptoms. The MUI group had more urinary frequency, more nocturia, and a higher urgency score than the SUI group. In the correlation analysis, the greatest difference between the two groups was that urgency was associated with Qmax, maximal cystometric capacity, and detrusor overactivity only in the MUI group (r = -.175, p= .004; r = -.281, p< .001; r= .232, p< .001, respectively). Conclusion: As a result of this study, we propose that a customized management program that emphasizes the control of urgency for the MUI group, and one that effectively strengthens the weak pelvic floor for the SUI group.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.133-140
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• 2014

Objectives: This study aims to identify effects of Korean medical treatment for stress urinary incontinence patient. Methods: The patient was treated by moxibustion at Shuidao (ST28), Sa-Am acupuncture lung tonification, Bojungikkitang-gamibang and Boshimdan for 2 weeks. These treatments are Korean medical treatment, and non-invasive. Results: After 2 weeks of Korean medical treatment, the symptoms of stress urinary incontinence disappeared. Conclusions: This case report shows that non-invasive Korean medical treatments are effective against stress urinary incontinence.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.58-66
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to find out lower urinary tract symptoms, daily life inconvenience, and sleep quality in elderly community woman. Methods: Participants were 140 elderly women. Data collection was conducted from September 1 to October 30, 2017. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and t-test with the SPSS program. Results: The rate of urge incontinence was 25.0%, stress incontinence 36.4%, unexplained incontinence 15.7%, and nocturnal incontinence 9.3%. Those participants with urge incontinence presented significantly higher daily life inconvenience scores; urge incontinence, stress incontinence, and unexplained incontinence were significantly associated with lower sleep quality scores. Furthermore, frequent urination, nocturia, and incomplete emptying were significantly higher daily life inconvenience scores; and frequent urination, nocturia, hesitancy, straining, intermittent stream, burning, incomplete emptying, bladder pain, and abnormal strength of stream were significantly related to lower sleep quality scores. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop intervention strategies considering incontinence and urination symptoms to reduce daily life inconvenience caused by lower urinary tract symptoms and improve sleep quality in elderly women.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.34-47
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• 1999

This study evaluated the Comparison of the Effectiveness of Pelvic Floor Muscle exercise and Biofeedback treatment for Genuine Stress Incontinence I assigned 60 participants to 2 groups : 30 to the pelvic floor muscle exercise group and 30 to the biofeedback group. Treatment protocol lasted for 6 weeks. Peak pressure, and duration time of pelvic muscle contraction were evaluated by a perineometer. Lower urinary symptoms, sexual matter and life style scores were achieved by using Jackson's scale. The treatment efficacy of the pelvic floor muscle exercise is compared with the biofeedback group and the main results of the comparison are as follows : 1. Pelvic muscle contraction 1) The peak pressure in the biofeedback group was significantly increased(P＝0.000). 2. The frequency and quantity of incontinence 1) The frequency of incontinence in the biofeedback group was significantly decreased(P＝0.000). 2) The quantity of incontinence in the biofeedback group was significantly decreased(P＝0.000). 3. The lower urinary symptoms Daily frequency(P＝0.000), nocturia(P＝0.000), urgency(P＝0.000), bladder pain(P＝0.000), unexplained incontinence(P＝0.048), wearing protection(P＝0.022), changing outer clothing(P＝0.005), hesitancy(P＝0.008), intermittent stream(P＝0.000), abnormal strength of stream(P＝0.004), retention(P＝0.000), incomplete emptying(P＝0.000), and inability to stop mid stream(P＝0.006) of the lower urinary symptoms in the biofeedbatk group were significantly decreased. 4. The sexual matters The dry vagina (P＝0.004) and pain during sexual Intercourse (P＝0.002) in the biofeedback group was significantly decreased. 5. The life style The fluid intake restriction(P＝0.007), affected daily task(P＝0.003), avoidance of places & situation(P＝0.003), interference in Physical activity (P＝0.002), interference in relationship with other people(P＝0.01), and feeling about the rest of life with urinary symptom(P＝0.000) in the biofeedback group were significantly decreased. In conclusion, the biofeedback treatment was more effective than the pelvic floor muscle exercise in genuine stress incontinence.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.1-22
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this review is to evaluate the efficacy of moxibustion for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in women. Methods: For relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs), we searched the following databases from their inception to September 1, 2020: The Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI), Koreanstudies Information Service System (KISS), Research Information Sharing Service (RISS), and National Digital Science Library (NDSL). The key search terms were 'stress urinary incontinence' and 'moxibustion'. Data extraction and assessment of risk of bias were conducted by two authors independently. Results: A total of 11 RCTs were finally included in this systematic review. In all studies, moxibustion treatment was applied as an adjuvant therapy to the conventional treatment, and the most common conventional treatment was pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT). The treatment group (conventional treatment plus moxibustion) showed statistically more significant effect than the control group (conventional treatment only) in various evaluation indicators including urinary incontinence frequency, 1 hour urine pad test, quality of life, the clinical efficacy rate, and pelvic muscle strength. Conclusions: In this study, we investigated the efficacy of moxibustion as an adjuvant therapy for female SUI patients. Further studies are needed to supplement the safety of moxibustion and the evaluation of moxibustion dose.