• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.9-18
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• 2003

The vitality of a main street is essential to get the urbanity of the urban residential estates. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between the vitality of a main street and street land uses in the residential estate. The outcomes of this study are as follows: first, the street land uses have influence on the vitality of a main street; the main streets with the small commercial and business facilities are more vitalized than those with the boundary wall of the residential building or the buffer zone. Second, the number of shops in street has positive influence on the vitality of a main street. Third, the vitality of a main street is effected by the entrance of apartment site.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2021

Currently, big data and open data, together with traditional measured data, have come to constitute a new data environment, expanding new technical paths for quantitative analysis of the street environment. Streets provide precious linear public space in high-density residential areas. Pedestrian activities are the main body of street vitality. In this paper, 441 street segments were selected from 21 residential districts in high-density downtown area of Shanghai as cases, to quantitatively evaluate the influencing factors of pedestrian activities. Bivariate analysis was performed, and the results showed that street vitality was not only correlated with a highly populated environment, but also with other factors. In particular, the density of entrances and exits of residential properties, the proportion of walkable areas, and the density of retail and service facilities, were correlated with the vitality of street segments. The magnitudes of correlation between the street environmental factors and the pedestrian traffic differed across various trip purposes. Segment connectivity factors were more correlated with walking for leisure than for transportation. While public transportation factors were mainly correlated with walking for transportation, vehicular traffic factors were negatively correlated with walking for leisure.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.723-728
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• 2022

The vitality of the city's commercial district, which in the base of city life and provides vitality and diversity of life, has a great impact on the vitality of the entire city and the revitalization of the local economy. The revitalization of the commercial street is related to the activation of walking, and walking is closely related to the quality of life because it involves a wide range of interactions with the surrounding environment beyond simple movement. This quality of life leads to 'Livability'. In order to revitalize pedestrians on the commercial street, the liberty factor was derived and the importance of what was the most important and effective for the activation of the commercial street was analyzed. As a result, it was found that the items representing the atmosphere and purpose, which are detailed indicators of placeness, had a high priority, and it was found that the detailed indicators belonging to accessibility came out with a lower priority. In order to increase the livability of the commercial street, the priority is to increase the spatiality of the space, and if pedestrians are activated as the number of visits and stay time of visitors increases, it can be extended to the vitality of the entire area.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.35 no.10
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• pp.71-82
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• 2019

This study tried to prove why a low-rise residential block is more vitalized than in a superblock consisted of an apartment housing complex. To do this, two adjacent superblocks in Yeoksam 2-dong were selected as a case study among superblocks of residential area in Gangnam, Seoul. It adopted the concept of 'complexity', 'Osmosis', 'Vitality' and 'Permeability' for evaluation indexes to measure street vitality. As a result, four indexes were clearly higher in low-density residential superblocks than apartment housing complex superblocks. First, the superblocks for apartment housing complexes showed a lower 'complexity' because large-scale parcels for an apartment housing complex reduces a possibility for various land uses. Second, smaller blocks improved "osmosis" compared to larger blocks, and the larger the block, the less likely it is that buildings and streets penetrate activity. Third, as the apartment complex block became larger, the number of accesses decreased. Thus, it did not provide vitality to the streets. Fourth, high permeability was shown in the low-density superblocks, while that of the superblock consisted of apartment housing complexes was very low because the entrance of the complexes entrance is closed to the public. The results of this study demonstrated that an apartment housing complex may hamper street vitality and deteriorate the quality of urban environments.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.80-89
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• 2008

Generally, trees lining the streets are the most easily accessible green areas in the city and constitute the smallest basic unit in the formation of the urban linear green axis. This study attempts to interpret issues related to city trees from a comprehensive and relational viewpoint. The site of this study is Central Park Street in front of Incheon Metropolitan City Hall. This street is representative of those in Incheon City. This study is an inter-relational interpretation of issues by measuring the vitality of these trees. The following are results of this study: First, the vitality of city trees is higher in those trees growing in natural ground than those growing in plant gratings. This observation can lead to budget savings and increased natural areas in the city. Also, if planter and multi-layering planting methods are introduced where damage to trees is predicted, variation to urban landscape can be achieved while linking to reinforced rearing foundation of street-side trees. Second, there is need for a holistic approach to caring for street-side trees regarding the damage caused by drastic pruning and strong street lights. The typical functions of these trees, like supplying freshness in summer, absorbing solar radiation, and controlling the urban micro-climate are closely related to the vitality of the trees. Accordingly, the function and ecology should be understood holistically, not separately. In this aspect, the functional and ecological use of the multi-layering planting method is effective in protecting pedestrians from vehicles as well. Third, the fallen leaves of monotonous rows of trees have different ecological and functional effects. Not only is the index of greenness in the urban setting increased, but there are also aesthetic and symbolic effects. Fourth, in spite of being the street along which Incheon Metropolitan City Hall, major administrative buildings and Central Park are located, this street does not have its own special identity to discriminate it from other streets. It fulfills only functional criteria based on uniformity. If there is no paradigm shift from today's street system based on vehicles, the role of landscape architecture will be very passive in regards to street-side trees, the minimum unit of urban green. Fifth, on this particular street, many trees were planted in December, which reflects a deficiency of short and long-term strategy, like a street-tree master plan. In this aspect, we still lack a mature culture concerning these trees as a basic unit in urban greenery. Furthermore, there needs to be cultural introspection concerning present administrative practices.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.131-136
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristic of street markets in land development district, Dae-gu(Sung-su, Yeoung-san and Si-gy Land development districts). The result of this study is as follows, Street markets are located between detached housing estates and cooperative housing estates. Street markets are classified as private road type, linear street type and mixed type, The influential area of street markets is extended form inside of detached housing estates to arterial road. The vitality of street markets is explained by the scale of dwelling area, road system and variety of function.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.33 no.3 s.110
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• pp.94-104
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• 2005

This paper presents a streetscape design for the 'Gaeksa-gil', located in Gosa-dong and Jungang-dong, Jeonju City, which length is about 830m and width is about $8\sim10m$. The goals of the design are to make a street on which people want to walk and rest both safely and pleasantly. To achieve these goals; concepts of identity, history, placeness, commercial vitality, environmentally-friendliness, safety, amenity , and democracy have been developed. For the pedestrian safety; shared street concepts, such as crank, salalom, fort, mini-rotary etc. are adopted. For design method, community participatory design is adapted. For the design theme; the axes of Time and Space are developed and streets are divided into 3 thematic spaces, such as 'History Street,' 'Nature Street,' and 'Culture Street.' The History Street, which belongs to Time axis, is a space for experiencing past, present, and future history of Jeonju city. Nature Street, which belongs to Space axis, is a space for feeling and loaming the nature of the city. The Culture Street, which also belongs to Space axis, is a space for experiencing the culture of the city. The community participated in the whole design process through the workshop, the internet website, the street events, etc.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.447-458
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• 2012

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a design method to making characterized street for city regeneration and strategy for regional activation through making characterized street. For this purpose we analyze a case of 'Bosu-dong Book Street' in the city of Busan with compared to the cases of 'Hay on wye' in UK and 'Kanda old book street' in Japan. We have some suggestions from this analysis as follows; 1. Connection with tourism and publication industry is needed for regional economic vitality and urban regeneration. And Both of Softwares and Hardwares those are based on local identity are needed to be developed as contents of the street, 2. Merchants and Residents have to take the leading part and public authority is need to support them as street makers. 3. Sustainable participation and efforts of the community leaded by merchants and residents are needed in the whole process of making characterized street such as making, operating and management of hardware & software.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.39-48
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• 1996

The planting pattern of Seoul street tree could be divided into six patterns, that was, one row, double row, median strip type and bicycle road type. The protection facilities of installed street tree was inadequate, because it was so small and weak. Recently, the growth rate of street tree in Seoul was decreasing because of air pollution. Strong alkali soil proved to be inappropriate for the growth of street tree. Soil hardness of treepit equipped with treegrill was lower than unequipped one. From the analysis of correlation between the growth environments of street tree, we could conclude that the vitality of street tree are proportioned to the distance from the center of Seoul. The way of improvement for physiological growth and increase of street tree were as follows; establishment reform of street facilities, the installation of protection equipment, continuous and systematic management.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.52-60
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• 2002

This paper presents a streetscape design for "Dangiae-Gil"which is located at 126-1 Yangpyung-2dong, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul and is about 500m in length and about 24m in width. The design goals are to make a green street on which people want to walk and people can walk and rest safely and pleasantly. To achieve these goals, concepts of environmentally-friendliness, placeness, safety, amenity, vitality, connectivity, and democracy are developed. For pedestrian safety, shared street concepts, such as crank, slalom etc. are adopted. The site is divided into 5 thematic spaces, such as "Village Entrance Space", "Culture Street", "Dangsan Park", "Nature Street", and "Ferry Space". The Village Entrance Space, which is an entrance of the Dangjae-Gil and a welcoming space, is for communicating information about the area. "Dangnamu"(zelkova tree) and signs are introduced here. The Culture Street is for experiencing past and present culture of the area. Colored tiles and plant boxes attached to benches are introduced. The Dangsan park is a sacred space where modem people can feel the sacredness of nature arid of being in a refuge. Dangjib, Dangnamu, multi-purpose plaza, athletic facilities, and playground for infants are introduced. The Nature Street is a space for feeling and teaming nature which has disappeared from the area leading to the river and a space for community participation. The elementary school walls were demolished and nature education spaces, such as butterfly and dragonfly garden, ecological pond, wildflower garden, etc., which are related to school education, are introduced. The Ferry Space is a space symbolizing a old ferry crossing and an entrance plaza to a bridge for "Sunyu-do\" . A boat-shaped deck, an elevator for handicap people, and parking space are introduced. In conclusion, sustainable management schemes for the site are suggested.sted.