• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.41-60
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• 2019

This study aims to identify factors that pharmaceutical logistics companies must consider when selecting a logistics center; it also aims to analyze the importance-satisfaction-of these factors by using IPA. The main results are as follows. First, overall, the aforementioned factors are divided into logistics factor, economic factor, environmental factor, and policy factor, and most of the specific attributes of each main factor are less satisfied than the importance. Second, the users of pharmaceutical logistics are divided into producers, distributors, clinics, and pharmacies. The analysis of each user shows a need to improve logistics factors as well as an overinvestment in environmental factors. The results can provide drug distribution companies directions for selecting logistics centers as well as strategic implications.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.142-152
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• 2023

Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) mediates the cellular antioxidant response, allowing adaptation and survival under conditions of oxidative, electrophilic and inflammatory stress, and has a role in metabolism, inflammation and immunity. Activation of Nrf2 provides broad and long-lasting cytoprotection, and is often hijacked by cancer cells, allowing their survival under unfavorable conditions. Moreover, Nrf2 activation in established human tumors is associated with resistance to chemo-, radio-, and immunotherapies. In addition to cancer cells, Nrf2 activation can also occur in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and facilitate an anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Several cancer cell-derived metabolites, such as itaconate, L-kynurenine, lactic acid and hyaluronic acid, play an important role in modulating the TIME and tumor-TAMs crosstalk, and have been shown to activate Nrf2. The effects of Nrf2 in TIME are context-depended, and involve multiple mechanisms, including suppression of proinflammatory cytokines, increased expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and kynureninase, accelerated catabolism of cytotoxic labile heme, and facilitating the metabolic adaptation of TAMs. This understanding presents both challenges and opportunities for strategic targeting of Nrf2 in cancer.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.25 no.1 s.37
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• pp.53-63
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• 1992

There are increasing interest and need for information on health care consumer with the significance of hospital marketing and strategic planning being increasingly emphasized. This study was conducted to investigate the criteria for selection of medical facilities according to the characteristics of health care consumer by the types of medical services on a sample of 1,500 population aged 20 years and above. Major findings are as follows ; 1. When considering the criteria for selection of medical facilities into two factors, namely, quality or convenience factors, convenience factor was the major contributor for outpatient and dental services whereas it was quality factor for inpatient services. 2. Females and those residing in large cities selected medical facilities based on convenience factor in the outpatient services. In the case of inpatient service, persons who considered their present health status to be good and whose ages were 50 years old and above choose medical facilities based on quality factor. 3. Persons who considered medical facilities to be profit-making tended to choose medical facilities based on convenience factor for outpatient services. There were no differences in the cases of inpatient and dental services. 4. There was no significant difference on the criteria for selection of medical facilities according to the decision maker for selection or trust on medical facilities. On the use of health service information, selection of medical facilities was based on quality factor for those who made more use of the information in the cases of outpatient and dental services. 5. Analysis using the logistic regression model on the criteria for the selection of medical facilities with the characteristics of health care consumer as independent variables was performed. The selection of medical facilities was significantly related with residential area, sex, and use of information on medical facilities for outpatient services and with age, average monthly income, and perception of health status for inpatient services. For dental services significant association with residential area and use of information on medical facilities was seen. The results of this study, despite some limitations, can be used as baseline data for marketing and strategic planning of hospital management.

• Research in Mathematical Education
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.29-38
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• 2002

The purpose of this paper was to examine early numerical representations between American and Korean children. Fifty-five first graders (35 Korean and 20 American) participated in the study. According to the findings of the current study, the author concluded that the Korean children had a stronger conception of base ten representations of numbers than that of the American children. The Korean children used various strategic reasoning such as decomposition and recomposition on the basis of base 10 structure to solve addition and subtraction problems effectively. However, the author cannot conclude that language differences would be the largest factor that would make Korean children sapient in the representations of base ten structures.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2002

Biotechnology "embraces everything from the production of recombinant proteins to the use of biological molecules as components of nanotechnology". Strategic-basic research in biotechnology is crucial to boosting world economy and creating jobs in the Life Sciences. Biotechnology will be the benefit to be drawn from biomedical life science research, which promises to be the new pillar of economy. Although the turnaround time for life science research products is painstakingly slow, the fruits of one such labour (Fig. 1), is being reaped fur worldwide biomedical applications.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.4
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• pp.95-127
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• 1998

Recently the number of Chinese tourist in increasing. The purpose of this study is understanding of Chinese tourist's character and food culture. The tourist food service industry has become an important factor in choice tourist destination, This study is composed of six chapter as follow: Chapter Ⅰ : The purpose and the method of study Chapter Ⅱ : Change of Chinese Life Level & Environment Progress and situation of Chapter Ⅲ : Chinese Food culture and dining out trend Chapter Ⅳ : Alternatives of strategic food service environment Chapter Ⅴ : Conclusion

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.145-168
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• 2005

This study on intellectual capital which is in spotlight as an important factor has meaning that it provides information on intellectual capital to interested parties(stockholders, employers, employees, customers, etc.), suggests intellectual capital measurement indices for strategic management of human resources, and presents intellectual capital management process which is useful in companies practically by designing and verifying intellectual capital measurement models for effective management of intellectual capital.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.121-142
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• 2003

Most of companies related to the area of B2B electronic commerce are making their efforts to innovate their existing business process into new designed process based on the concept of virtual enterprise. Virtual enterprise can take on many forms and definitions. Nevertheless, the rationale for this business model is clear cooperate to compete, the virtual organization advocates collaboration, partnerships, alliance and similar ideas. This studyintends to suggest an empirical clue to test several hypotheses related to the influence of environmental. organizational, and technological factor to the successful implementation of virtual enterprise in automobile industry. This research surveyed 91 corporations in Korean automobile part industry. Among those samples 86 data of corporate general managers turned out to be statistically valid. This study performed the factor analysis, Cronbach-alpha test. Pearson correlation analysis for testing the validity and the reliability of this research. The results of factor analysis and reliability test indicate that thirty issues to be surveyed are to be grouped into nine factors. The result of multiple regression shows that the influencing factors of eight independent variables on a dependent variable are cooperation between partners, information intensity, IT compatibility, IS maturity. The partners in the strategic alliance will have to trust each other in carrying out their designated roles and responsibilities. and supplying the correct information critical for creating value in virtual business environment.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.175-184
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the strategic role of the human resources department in the manufacturing industry on organizational effectiveness through education and training satisfaction. Among the data from the 7th human capital company panel survey, data from the manufacturing industry were used and analyzed through a structural equation model. The results of this study are as follows: First, the strategic role of the HR department has a positive effect on satisfaction with education and training. Second, satisfaction with education and training and the strategic role of HR departments have a positive effect on job satisfaction among organizational effectiveness. Third, it was confirmed that education and training satisfaction has a mediating effect on the relationship between the HR department's strategic role and job satisfaction. The results of this study are expected to become the basis for expanding the authority and responsibilities of the HR department, which is an important factor in overcoming the crisis faced by SMEs as well as innovation, and redefining their role.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.131-150
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• 2016

As global partnership is recently getting important in order to establish supply chain network in global managing environment, companies tend to improve quality and warranty in SCM(Supply Chain Management) by certifying ISO(International Organization for Standardization). This research investigated structural relationship how strategic and operational ISO application level and trust, immersion, collaborative factors in partnership process affect to companies business performance. This research was surveyed with 147 manufacturing companies in South Korea and conducted empirical analysis using Structural equation model. The research hypothesis and model was derived from the basis of existing theory and empirical research, and obtained the following results. Firstly, the strategic ISO level showed positive(+) effect on trust and immersion factor. Second, the operational ISO level showed positive(+) effect on trust and collaborative factor. Third, trust factor in the partnership process showed positive(+) effect on immersion factor. Lastly, collaborative factor in partnership process showed positive(+) effect on companies business performance. Implication for this research is that companies must consider ISO application in establishing partnership and companies require prolonged effort using trust, immersing, collaborative factors into partnership process to improve business performance.