• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.23
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• pp.116-123
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• 2000

The importance of evaluation in design activity has been increased. Specially, it is necessary to take into consideration of user's needs as design criteria nowadays. Through these evaluations, the comprehensive quality of architectural design could be substantially improved and play the part of recycling at least in cases of theme similar structures. By a viewpoint of library patrons, there have increased many problems In library environment because more library patrons use the reference room for their study since reform of university education was carried out In 1981. Therefore, after post occupancy evaluation and spatial-planning matters of architecture are taken into consideration in this study, the problems of the plan-composition on the existing structure is pointed out and introduced the concept of post occupancy evaluation to grope the solution. With the question about users's needs and the state of use in the K-University Library, this study aims to investigate the actual use circumstance of space and maintenance of facilities as well as giving the most relevant alternatives instead of already existing one. This also intends to propose the essential date to meet the users' sociopsychological needs and environment innovation when planning the university library.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.382-396
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• 1999

This study was attempted to prove the effect of emotional stability and vital signs applying music therapy program to the children admitted in the PICU. Data were collected from July to September, 1997. The subjects were 30 patients admitted in the PICU of 'S' University Hospital which were divided into two groups of experimental and control. Each group had 15 subjects. Method was nonequivalent control group pretest-postteset repeated design, observing vital signs and activity of subjects prior, during, and after the music intervention. The study tools were cassette tapes of 'Mother's music whose babies want to listen' and Space-lab patient monitor. Data were analyzed using the $SPSS/PC+;x^2$ test and t-test to analyze of the general characteristics ; paired t-test to prove hypotheses. Result were as follows; 1. Infants lower than seven months showed changing into stable vital signs from applying the music therapy, however infants from eight months to three-year old showed no change in vital signs. 2. Vital signs changed to stabilized condition in infants lower than seven months were heart rate and respiration rate. 3. The stability of vital signs during music therapy turned back to the previous state while terminating music therapy. 4. The effect of music therapy in the state of activity had on both infants group of lower than seven months and from eight months to three-year old, particularly more effective in the later group. I recommend follows on the base of above results ; 1. As above results shows, listening to music is effective on infants and toddler, intervention with music therapy appropriate to chidlren's age is hot recommended. 2. Comparative study with noise blocking effect and music therapy effect within the ICU environment be recommended. 3. The repeated study on when the exact time is and how many repeat the music therapy to show the above mentioned effect be recommended. 4. We recommend this music therapy to be done in the recovery room, isolating room, operating room as well as ICU.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.333-341
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test whether pre-operative visual information and parental presence had positive effects on anxiety, delirium, and pain in pediatric patients who awoke from general anesthesia in a post-surgical stage. Methods: This study used a non equivalent control-group post test design (n=76). Independent variables were provision of pre-operative visual information and parental presence for post-surgical pediatric patients in PACU (post anesthesia care unit). Dependent variables were anxiety, delirium, and pain in the pediatric patients measured three times at 10 minute intervals after extubation in the PACU. Measurements included Numerical Rating Scale for assessing state anxiety, Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium Scale by Sikich & Lerman (2004) for delirium, and Objective Pain Scale by Broadman, Rice & Hannallah (1988) for pain. Results: Experimental group showed significantly decreased state anxiety at time points-10, 20, and 30 minutes after extubation. Delirium was significantly lower at 10 minutes and 30 minutes after extubation in the experimental group. Pain was significantly lower at 10 minutes after extubation in the experimental group. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that this intervention can be a safe pre-operative nursing intervention for post-surgical pediatric patients at PACU.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.13
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• pp.3-10
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to identify the design concepts embedded in our traditional interior space. The majority of this research was achieved through literature review as well as examining traditional Korean houses. The major findings were summarized as follows : First, traditional Korean interior space is contemplative. This is created possible by the careful placement of indispensable furnitures and accessaries resulting in an abundance of unoccupied space. Therefore, the room assumes a peaceful atmosphere which calms the mind and creates a tranquil setting. To enjoy the placidity of Korean interior space a humble demeanor and contemplative thought are required. Next, traditional Korean interior space is modest. This is created by the moderate proportions that do not challenge human scale. Traditional Korean interior space does not dominate its surroundings but rather conforms with them. This contrasts with traditional western houses which utilizes an overbearing scale sacrificing intimate space. Thirdly, traditional Korean interior space is raw. In other words, the materials used in house retain their self-evident natural state and are not artifically manipulated to hide their inherent properties. The fundamental conceptual belief that interior space should not defy nature but instead become part of it. Lastly, traditional Korean interior space is not decorative Rooms are not congested with frivolous aesthetics. Although this does not immediately attract the people's attention, eventually the interior space establishes a unique line of communication with them.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.516-527
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• 2013

This paper presents a new overall system for state-of-available-power (SoAP) prediction for a lithium-ion battery pack. The essential part of this method is based on an adaptive network architecture which utilizes both fuzzy model (FIS) and artificial neural network (ANN) into the framework of adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). While battery aging proceeds, the system is capable of delivering accurate power prediction not only for room temperature, but also at lower temperatures at which power prediction is most challenging. Due to design property of ANN, the network parameters are adapted on-line to the current battery states (state-of-charge (SoC), state-of-health (SoH), temperature). SoC is required as an input parameter to SoAP module and high accuracy is crucial for a reliable on-line adaptation. Therefore, a reasonable way to determine the battery state variables is proposed applying a combination of several partly different algorithms. Among other SoC boundary estimation methods, robust extended Kalman filter (REKF) for recalibration of amp hour counters was implemented. ANFIS then achieves the SoAP estimation by means of time forward voltage prognosis (TFVP) before a power pulse occurs. The trade-off between computational cost of batch-learning and accuracy during on-line adaptation was optimized resulting in a real-time system with TFVP absolute error less than 1%. The verification was performed on a software-in-the-loop test bench setup using a 53 Ah lithium-ion cell.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.29-37
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• 2004

This study analyze the architectural space in the aspect of the 'Raumplan' and 'Plan Libre'. These concepts based on the 'Raumplan versus Plan Libre' exhibition in Delft University, Netherlands. It is generally agreed that the concept of 'Plan Libre' in connection with Le Corbusie architecture and 'Raumplan' related to Adolf Loos's works. that exhibition contents was focused an extent of modem architecture. But, These concepts continually influence contemporary architecture and offer diverse vision in architecture. Therefore, this study focused on the analysis that look for common element in the space through the case study and space element connection in change of the values, technical growth. This Paper reveals that Adolf Loos's Raumplan is similar to Louis I. Kahn's 'Room' concept and Ando Tadao's centrifugal space composition method In the dwelling architecture. And the concept 'Plan Libre': non-definitive formal system and the elements : column, free form screening wall is revived as formal application of 3 dimension composition in architecture. and transfer lots, void, and linear space in Rem Koolhaas's urban design projects. These aspects is so called topology. This topological concept is an attempt in view of the space connection state rather than formative viewpoint.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2004.06b
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• pp.355-358
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• 2004

In this work, N-LDMOSFET(Lateral Double diffused MOSFET) was designed and fabricated on SOI(Silicon-On-Insulator) substrate, for such applications as motor controllers and high voltage switches, fuel injection controller systems in automobile and SSR(Solid State Rexay)etc. The LDMOSFET was designed to overcome the floating body effects that appear in the conventional thick SOI MOS structure by adding p+ region in source region. Also, RESURF(Reduced SURface Field) structure was proposed in this work in order to reduce a large on-resistance of LDMOSFET when operated keeping high break down voltage. Breakdown voltage was 268v in off-state ($V_{GS}$=OV) at room temperature in $22{\mu}m$ drift length LDMOSFET. When 5V of $V_{GS}$ and 30V of $V_{DS}$ applied, the on resistance(Ron), the transcon ductance($G_m$) and the threshold voltage($V_T$) was 1.76k$\Omega$, 79.7uA/V and 1.85V respectively.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.473-482
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a structured preoperative instruction upon anxiety and postoperative self-care compliance. Methods: A randomized control group pre-post design was used. Sixty subjects undergoing cataract surgery were randomly assigned to one of two groups. The instruction consisted of cataract surgery procedure, sensory information, deep breathing, use of eye drop, and post op self-care regimen and was provided to the experimental group with control group receiving an usual treatment. State anxiety NRS, pulse, BP, and self-care compliance scale developed by Cho & Rho were used. Data were collected at two time periods: on the day of surgery in the clinic and prior to anesthesia in the operating room. The postoperative self-care compliance scores were measured at their second visits to the hospital after surgery. Data were analyzed using Kolmogorov Smirnov test, t-test, and Mann-Whitney U test. Results: There were significant differences between the two groups in the postoperative state anxiety (t=-3.57, p=.001) and the postoperative self-care compliance score (t=3.92, p<.001). There were no significant difference between the two groups in the postoperative blood pressure and pulse rate. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the structured preoperative instruction could be a nursing intervention for cataract surgery patients.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.7-17
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to be suggested the primary data when housing research related the disabled and the enactment are needed. For the purpose, this study compares the Housing Laws, such as state of legislation, composition and detailed standards in domestic and international. The scope of study is limited each space in 7 types, entrance, corridor, living room, bedroom, bathroom, kitchen, and balcony, then, laws related on each space are compared and analyzed. In addition, comparison of the foreign's Housing laws are focused on Switzerland, Germany, United States of America, and Japan where have systematic and organized Housing laws by in each space. This study were processed as follows: First, domestic and foreign laws are examined throughout state of legislation, composition, detailed standards, and types of the disabled. Then, housing laws that applied institutionally in each country are compared. Finally, similarities and differences of specific standards are analyzed by comparison on space in each country.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.226-235
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• 2010

As marine leisure is getting popular around the world, people's interest in cruise ship is increasing rapidly. Now it became possible to make cruise ship with Korean technology, as a result of continuous research and development. However, as cruise ships are getting bigger and more popular, new cruise interior design is required to satisfy various clients' aesthetic and functional demands. Therefore, more researches for cruise interior design are needed. The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of planning and design of passenger's cabins in cruise ship. The scope of this research is limited to the types in the 2004-2010 in Large Cruise Ships. Method of this study are document study and case study, in particularly, case study is conducted for the specific design methods through case analysis. The results of this study are as follow : One of the transitions in the cruise cabin designs is that cabins with balconies occupy a large portion of the entire cabins. As the functions of these balconies are diversifying, more distinctive forms of balcony are showing up. In particular, the cabins which are connected to public space differentiate themselves from those with the same rates; it meets the demands of the clients who require high quality services. In terms of cabin design, a futuristic, distinctive cabin that has incorporated will be a very important function in determining the value of the cruise ship. Based on the results of this research, application of the rapid changes in cabin design and studies about more diversified and advanced design are required.