• KIEAE Journal
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.113-120
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• 2013

Many countries over the world have taken many discussions and endeavors on environmental improvements of energy savings and greenhouse gas emission reductions for solving global climate change problems. In Korea, pre-considerations of environment-conscious factors in buildings have been taken to be critical with new constructions and renovation markets. In this situation, the Korean Green Building Certification(KGBC) system to induce the diffusion of sustainable buildings was introduced in 2002 and developed as an improved version of the G-SEED(Green Standard for Energy and Environmental Design) system in 2013 after major revisions. This research examines the importance of assessment criteria on apartment buildings to certify green buildings using the AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) method and suggests a new direction on certification assessment standards from the AHP result. In order to apply the AHP method, the survey via e-mail was conducted to design staffs in domestic architectural firms. As a result, assessment criteria such as ecological environment, indoor environment, and energy & environment pollution among 7 main ones proved to be important on assessing the G-SEED system for apartment buildings, while criteria such as land use & transportation, material & resource, water circulation management, maintenance management did relatively unimportant.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.51-61
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to find food safety approach in the Eco-label Chain of Custody(CoC) which is only focused to traceability. Because, consumers want to be assured the certified seafood comes from sustainable fishery as well as hygienic. In order to this approach, we used Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) method as belows. We first understood the CoC criteria for using pair-wise comparison and analyzed and selected each Eco-label certifications and standards. Second, we carried out a survey to the targeted standard Marine Stewardship Council(MSC) CoC auditors all over the world and analyzed the priorities of food safety approach to 4 principles and 12 criteria belong the MSC CoC Standard. As the results, we found out that 'Management System' has the highest priority in the principles and 'Documentation' and 'Keeping Record' are the most important criteria for this approach. In addition, 'Training' and 'Identification' are also higher priority of criteria. So, we suggested food safety approach method for improvement of these criteria in conclusion based on discussion with specialist in this field.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.781-796
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• 2009

The current standard level of Heat Health Watch Warning System consider both daily maximum temperature and daily maximum heat index(HI), but current standard could not consider daily maximum HI due to the difficulties in forecasting when we consider both daily maximum temperature and daily maximum HI and no considering HI because relative humidity could not observed for some regions. So, Newly established standard level of Heat Health Watch Warning System is based on daily maximum temperature exceeding $30^{\circ}C$ for two consecutive days or daily minimum temperature exceeding $25^{\circ}C$ and daily maximum temperature exceeding $30^{\circ}C$. These days are called "extreme heat days". On extreme heat days, the standard of extreme heat advisory is based on daily maximum temperature among exceeding $32.7^{\circ}C$ and not exceeding $34.8^{\circ}C$, and extreme heat warning is based on daily maximum temperature exceeding $34.8^{\circ}C$. ANOVA analysis was carried out using the data of Seoul Metropolitan City in 1994 to check the robustness of the new standard level of Heat Health Watch Warning System from this study, in particular for mortality variable. The results reveal that the new standard specifies excess mortality well, showing significance level of 0.05 in the difference of excess mortality for each phase.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2020

Objectives: This study was conducted to development of hazardous materials management standards for the decoction type of personalized herbal medicines (PHMs). Methods: This study was conducted in two stages. We searched documents about criteria to use words such as 'Herb', 'Herbal medicine', and 'Botanical Drug' and summarized the results. We organized the committee consisted of seven experts, and held two meetings to reach an agreement on hazardous management standards of the decoction type of PHMs. Results: The seven documents were presented in the literature review and six items related to hazardous management standards of decoction were identified. The second expert meeting brought that a total of six items, including heavy metal, pesticide residues, sulfur dioxide, benzopyrene, mycotoxin, and micro-organism limits, were selected for safety management of decoction type of PHMs. Also, the criteria and test methods for each standard were suggested for monitoring the decoction type of PHMs. Conclusion: The study suggested hazardous material management standards and criteria for the decoction types of PHMs. In the future, it would be necessary to conduct a pilot test to ensure the validity and credibility of the safety management standard and criteria. Furthermore, the government level safety management system should be introduced to verify the safety of decoction medicines.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.107-127
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to develop an evaluation tool for the quality of nursing care in abdominal surgery patient. The target subjects of the tool were adult patients having abdominal surgery under general anesthesia. Process-outcome framework was selected for the development of the tool in this study. The results were as follows. 1. Nine standards. 40 criteria and 88 indicators were developed. A standard was summary statement of the ideal level of excellencein a dimension of quality of nursing care. which could be evaluated by criteria. Several criteria indicated a specific standard and each criterion could be measured by observable and measurable indicators. 2. The standards were divided into two dimensions. One was process dimension which contained four standards(23 criteria), the other was outcome dimension which contatined five standards(17 criteria). 3. Average CVI was .985 at 9 standards. .947 at 40 criteria. and .987 at 88 indicators. 4. The evaluation tool for the quality of nursing care in abdminal surgery patients was a criterion-referenced tool. And data collection methods of the tool were investigation of patient's record and interview( or questionnaire) with the patients. 5. Interrater reliabilities of the tool were ; r= .7572 (agreement between two raters), and pI=.8487 (intraclass correlation between five raters who rated the 84 patients). 6. Internal consistency reliability ${\alpha}$ was .6194, which was obtained from 32 criteria. Eight criteria were missed in the analyzing process because of data omission. 7. Scores of the process and the outcome dimensions showed significant. but low correlation(r= .3759, p < .001). 8. There were significant differences in total scores between the hospitals and the departments of surgery(F = 15.233. p .0001). There was also significant interaction effect between hospitals and departments to total score(F = 8.396. p = .0001). Construct validity of the toool was verified by the known-group method. these kinds of difference were expected by the nursing experts participated in the study. From these results, more specific patient classification is suggested for the development of evaluation tool of the quallity of nursing care. And indicators to be used for objective measurement for the quality of nursing care must be developed.

• 한국비블리아학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.183-196
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• 2009

본 연구의 목적은 시 도교육청을 중심으로 학교도서관 평가에 필요한 평가지표를 개발하는데 있다. 국내 외 학교도서관 관련 평가지표를 조사 분석하여 다양한 우리나라의 학교도서관 상황에 적용할 수 있으며, 다양한 학생들에게 학업능력을 향상시킬 수 있는 학교도서관으로 발전시킬 수 있는 평가지표의 방향성을 설정하였다. 평가 항목은 도서관 프로그램 분야, 학교지원 분야, 서비스 분야로 구분하여 선정하였다. 평가 방법은 조사지 이용 평가, 학교 도서관 통계 이용 평가, 표준화된 통계 이용 평가로 크게 3가지로 구분하였다. 이중 본 연구에서는 표준화된 통계 이용 평가를 제안하였다. 평가항목은 양적인 항목과 질적인 항목으로 구분되었다. 양적인 항목은 투입분야의 예산항목에 2개 지표와 산출분야의 장서 항목의 3개 지표, 이용 항목의 3개 지표가 제시되었다. 질적인 항목에는 소장도서와 해당 연도에 구입한 도서의 이용비율을 제시하였다.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.17-37
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• 2000

본 연구는 기존의 인쇄본 백과사전 평가이론에 근거하면서도 CD-ROM 백과사전에 적합한 체계적인 평가기준을 개발하여 우수한 CD-ROM 백과사전을 선정, 구입하기 위한 지침을 마련하는데 목적을 둔다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 CD-ROM 백과사전의 평가기준을 도서관에서 CD-ROM 백과사전을 선정, 구입하는데 필요한 평가과정에 따라 서평지의 평가, 기본이 되는 인쇄본 백과사전, 시험용 디스크의 이용가능성, 하드웨어의 요구사양과 소프트웨어 설치의 용이성, 데이터베이스의 내용, 검색 소프트웨어, 단독 사용형과 네트워크용, Standard판과 Deluxe판, 가격의 9가지 범주로 나누고 각 범주 아래에서 세부적인 평가요소와 항목을 제시하였다.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.7-13
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• 2008

국내외적으로 보안제품 평가를 위해서 공통평가기준(CC)을 제정하여 제품을 평가한다. 이와 같은 기준은 제품의 복잡성과 함께 버전이 변화되어 제품 평가의 기준을 확대하고 있다. 하지만 개발자 입장에서 제품을 설계할 때 보안성 평가 지침에 적합한 형태로 접근하기가 매우 어렵다는 문제점이 있다. 이는 개발자에게 제시되는 평가기준이 불명확하기 때문이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 개발자를 위한 합성제품 평가 지침을 제시함으로써 정보보안 제품을 설계단계에서부터 보안 제품 기준을 명확히 도입할 수 있도록 방안을 제시하고자 한다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.968-973
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• 2007

The systems such as the railway control system, satellite control system and nuclear power plant control system are the safety critical systems because the failure of them could lead to risk significant events. These softwares of digital systems must follow the life cycle process from the beginning of software development to guarantee their safety and reliability. The NRC(Nuclear Regulatory Commission) Reg Guide of nuclear fields, the RTCA/DO-178B standard which is used to acquire the certification for software in industrial aero field in European Union and United State, the DEF STAN 00-55 standard for the safety of electronic weapon in England, the IEC 601-1-4 for medical equipment and the IEC 62279 for railway system recommended the development life cycle. This paper introduces the development process and compares each other. Also it indicates applicable development criteria for the software of systems related to railway fields and describes the detailed procedure of development criteria. We describe the procedure to make the software development criteria in nuclear filed. For the software development related to railways, the process from plan phase to maintenance phase must be satisfied. The safety and reliability is guaranteed through these standards.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.91-97
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• 2015

이 논문은 항공 분야에서의 안전필수 소프트웨어를 평가하기 위한 고려사항을 기술한다. 항공 분야에서의 안전필수 소프트웨어의 평가를 수행하기 위해서는 해당 소프트웨어의 평가 수준에 대한 정보가 필요하다. 그 수준은 표준에 명시되어 있으나 소프트웨어 자체적으로 결정되는 요소가 아니며 시스템 안전 평가 결과 및 시스템 설계 결과에 의존적이다. 그러므로 소프트웨어 평가수준을 결정하기 위해 시스템 개발 및 시스템 안전 평가 표준에서 필요로 하는 정보에 대해 설명한다. 그리고 소프트웨어를 평가하기 위한 기존의 방법론들을 조사하고 항공기 지상 유도 및 통제 시스템 소프트웨어의 평가에 적용할 방법을 제시한다.