• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.111-126
• /
• 2017

This study analyzes the impacts of agricultural water shortages in Korea using a combined top-down and bottom-up model. A multi-region multi-output agricultural sector model with detailed descriptions of production technologies and water and land resource constraints has been combined with a standard CGE model. The impacts of four different water shortage scenarios were simulated. It is shown that an active adaptation of crop choices occurs in even the regions with relatively abundant water resources in order to respond to the change in relative output prices caused by water shortages. We found that although the losses in production values are not quite large despite water shortages due to the price feedbacks, the loss in GDP is substantial. We show that our combined approach has advantages in deriving region and product specific production effects as well as the overall GDP loss effect of water shortages.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.125-131
• /
• 2001

In this study, we compared the properties of 23 high and 55 low price sunglass lenses with the standards in the ordinary optical properties, materials, coloration, UV, IR and luminous transmittance, color acceptance for traffic signal, chromaticity and contrast sensitivity. The ordinary optical properties of the lenses met comparatively the requirements of the KS standard. The HIGH-type and LOW-type lenses were primarily made by glass and acrylate, respectively. In the coloration, HIGH-type was in group around neutral color but LOW-type was distributed widely on the line between 570 nm and 485 nm. There are fails in 7% of HIGH-type and 18% of LOW-type in the stimulus purity of the luminous transmittance. Wavelength of the UV/VIS cut-off was over 350 nm for HIGH-type but 6% of LOW-type was under 350 nm. In the erythemal UV, all HIGH-type met the needs of standards but 5 LOW-type failed with DIN standard In the near UV, KS standard worked in stringency, and HIGH-type showed more failure than LOW-type. The characteristics of the IR transmittance of HIGH-type was better than that of LOW-type. In the color acceptance of traffic signal, all HIGH-type met the needs of ANSI standards but 21.8% of LOW-type failed with the standard. In the contrast sensitivity tested with various coloured sunglasses, the value increased with increasing of Land decreasing of test distance. In view of the results so far, HIGH-type met with excellent properties as compared with LOW-type.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.83-90
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to set and analyze the standard model for prioritizing and deciding to take part in housing environment improvement project in the perspective of the public sector. The results of this study were as follows. The location competitiveness, potential demand, marketability and competitive price, etc were selected by assessment indicators. And Various indicators, including of the size of the area, public transportation, accessibility, convenience of living and the influx of the population, were used by weights indexes. The profit of local residents and the public promoter, variability of earnings, sensitivity analysis and the ratio of money in reserve, etc were also established as detailed indexes for the profitability and business risk analysis. To analyze the cash flow of the project process and review the necessary capital in advance, the payback, total working expenses, gearing ratio and sensitivity of a risk, etc were also set as additional detailed indexes. Lastly, considering it is quasi-public projects, the measure to protect tenants, necessity need of redevelopment and local government's will were additionally used by indexes. And Points were distributed on the importance of each index and scored out of 100. It will allow for the public project promoter to decide rationally whether to come in on the project. The public project promoter like the Korea Land and Housing Corporation will be able to make use of various indexes are based on this study to make decision whether joining the housing environment improvement project in depressed region.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.999-1024
• /
• 2012

The Purpose of this study was to assess the willingness to pay(WTP) for the new road construction plan(slip road of urban highway which was advertising extensively to reduce the time to the core of metropolitan area) on housing prices using contingent valuation method(CVM). And this study was an empirical study which was based on the consciousness of residents whose apartment was within the Suwon Si's new plan of 47th road construction zone. In this study, it was revealed that the resident's WTP for the plan of new road construction which was built on the neighborhood of apartment was within the 10 percent of housing prices that was similar to the standard declared price of MLTM(Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs). And also revealed that the difference of sale prices of real estate company was 24 percent. The statistical assessment results show that both the resident's characteristic variables such as gender, incomes, size of apartment and the accessability variables such as distance to parks, schools, department stores, living facilities were positive effects on the prices of apartments significantly. Finally, the house has depreciated than that of MLTM and WTO since torpedoed the road construction plan. These results imply that, we have to take capital appreciation of the property into account due to road construction since the accessibility was very significantly positive internal effects on the apartment housing prices.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.6 no.3
• /
• pp.232-238
• /
• 1998

To analyse the management and production of medicinal crops in Uisong region, cultural conditions and standard income of 147 farms were investigated. Location quotient of medicinal crops cultivated was high as following order ; Paeonia lactiflora > Cornus ofidnalis> Bupleurm falcatum > Anemarhena asphodeloides > Rehmannia glutinosa > Eucommia ulmoides > Paeonia suffruticosa > Angelica dahurica. The average cultivated area per farm was 1.92ha : 1.35ha of upland field, 0.56ha of paddy field. Distribution of agricultural land in each farm was average 10.2 fields in 3.1 locations. Ratio of labor input in the medicinal plant sector was 31.1 %. The number of medicinal crops cultivated was 36 species among 147 farms and 2.4 species per farm. Among the cultivated medicinal plant, peony (Paeonia lactiflora) was the most popular medicinal plant, which was cultivated in 30.72ha of 85 farms. Income from medicinal plants was high in order of Carthamus tinctorius, Polygonatum stenophyllum, Angelica genuilexa. Medicinal crops should be selected based on farm condition, risk level and price settlement in order to maximize productivity and income.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.14 no.9
• /
• pp.4514-4523
• /
• 2013

Currently the number of unsold housing is rapid increasing over again in the Seoul Metropolitan area. So this research analyzed effective and possible solutions focus on the potential customers and professionals. There was a research method setting up alternative solutions from the existing researches and the other suggestions though FGI (Focus Group Interview) by professionals. And then it investigated the efficient ways to resolve those problems through Conjoint Analysis. According to the result of this paper, firstly the customers considered 'financial supports', 'self-rescue efforts for construction companies' and 'taxation support' than the other. On the other hand, professionals evaluated 'publicly purchased housing' and 'new housing policies' were more essential solutions besides, both of them recognized the importance of ;financial support'. Secondly there were some ideas that it was necessary to more less control LTV (Loan to Value ratio) and DIT ( Debt to Income) and the LH (Korea Land and Housing Corporation) buy unsold housing. Finally the government and housing association had to manage and intervene the supply of housing within metropolitan area and restrict to building new properties and the construction companies actively provide less strict standard terms and conditions in contract for purchasing housing for instance, the decline of housing sale price or interest-free and so on.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.171-209
• /
• 2008

The Great Depression is one of the most important economic incidents in the twentieth century. A significant and long-lasting impact of this event is the rise of the government intervention to the economy. Under the catastrophic downturn of the economic condition worldwide, people required their government to play an active role for economic recovery, and this $mentalit{\acute{e}}$ prolonged even after the Second World War. Social science textbooks taught at Korean high schools mostly referred to the Great Depression for explaining the reason of government intervention in economy. However, the mainstream view commonly found in the textbooks provides a misleading theological interpretation. It argues that inherent flaws of the market economy causes over-production/under-consumption, and that this mismatch ends up with economic crisis. The chaotic situation was resolved by substitution of the governments for the market, and the New Deal was introduced as the monumental example ('laissez-faire economy ${\rightarrow}$over-production${\rightarrow}$the Great Depression${\rightarrow}$government intervention${\rightarrow}$economic recovery'). Based on economic historians' researches for past three decades, I argue that this mainstream view commits the fallacy of ex-post justification. Unlike what the mainstream view claims, the Great Depression was neither the result of the 'market failure', nor the recovery from the Great Depression but was due to successful government policies. For substantiating this claim, I suggest three points. First, blaming the weakness or instability of the market economy as the cause of the Great Depression is groundless. Unlike what the textbooks describe, the rise of the U.S. stock price during the 1920s cannot be said as a bubble, and there was no sign of under-consumption during the 1920s. On the contrary, a new consensus emerging from the 1980s among economic historians illustrates that the Great Depression was originated from 'the government failure' rather than from the 'market failure'. Policymakers of European countries tried to return to the gold standard regime before the First World War, but discrepancies between this policy and the reality made the world economy vulnerable. Second, the mainstream view identifies the New Deal as Keynesian interventionism and glorifies it for saving the U.S. economy from the crisis. However, this argument is not true. The New Deal was not Keynesian at all. What the U.S. government actually tried was not macroeconomic stabilization but price and quantity control. In addition, New Deal did not brought about economic recovery that people generally believe. Even after the New Deal, industrial production or employment level remained quite low until the late 1930s. Lastly, studies on individual New Deal policies show that they did not work as they were intended. For example, the National Industrial Recovery Act increased unemployment, and the Agricultural Adjustment Act expelled tenants from their land. Third, the mainstream view characterizes the economic order before the Great Depression as laissez-faire, and it tends to attribute all the vice during the Industrial Revolution era to the uncontrolled market economy. However, historical studies show that various economic and social problems of the Industrial Revolution period such as inequality problems, child labor, or environmental problems cannot be simply ascribed to the problems of the market economy. In conclusion, the remedy for all these problems in high school textbooks is not to use the Great Depression as an example showing the weakness of the market economy. The Great Depression should be introduced simply as a historical momentum that had initiated the growth of government intervention. This reform of high school textbooks is imperative for enhancing the right understanding of economy and history.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.13 no.10
• /
• pp.115-122
• /
• 2015

Purpose - This study was conducted to develop a beekeeping farm management standard checklist. This is essential to increase the competitive power of beekeeping farmers. Checklists in relation to crops and livestock were established by the Rural Development Administration in the 2000s. To date, 60 checklists have been created by crop and livestock experts. However, other farmers outside the 60 checklists are increasing. Therefore, extra development is required for these farmers. This study was conducted to meet farmers' requirements. The special farming dealt with in this study is beekeeping. Such checklists were not developed due to the small number of beekeeping farmers. However, these days, a number of such farmers are emerging. Research design, data, and methodology - Many related experts participated in this study. This study was conducted in four stages. First, a basic outline of beekeeping was created by surveying many kinds of beekeeping experts. The draft of the beekeeping checklist was created by a secondary advisory council. This draft was then sent to 14 beekeeping experts to confirm whether or not it was suitable as a management checklist. For collecting the experts' opinions, a direct visit survey was done through an arranged questionnaire. Additionally, a basic management checklist blueprint was reviewed by many experts. In the third stage, a Delphi survey method was utilized with a special Delphi questionnaire. In this stage, experts who participated in the first and second stages were excluded. As there were uncertain answers among them, a second Delphi survey was done. As a result of this survey, all answers were agreed among them. Results - From the results of this survey, four subjects in the management accomplishment index were determined. These are farming scale, average product per beehive, the sale price of honey (1kg), and the number of bee plates in the beehive. In the case of the management checklist content, five items were determined. These are beekeeping farming facilities, the environment around the farm land and general management, the product management of the beekeeping harvest, the management of the disease and pest, and farming management. This checklist will be utilized for beekeeping farmers to implement in a management situation. Conclusions - These days, the number of beekeeping farmers is increasing. The management checklist for beekeeping farmers will be used to improve their farming situation and marketing. Beekeeping farmers can understand their management by reviewing their checklist. After checking, the situation of management can be analyzed. Farmers can supplement weaknesses with expert advice. This checklist will be used by agricultural technique extension workers for farming management consulting. This checklist has to be complemented by a change in the management of the environment. This checklist will be delivered to beekeeping farmers after a verification survey is done. The result of the checklist score will be utilized for a benchmarking service to be implemented for beekeeping farmers to utilize.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.30 no.3 s.151
• /
• pp.378-385
• /
• 2006

To release fashion trends in an efficient way, many of the apparel business and fashion educational institutes in land adopt fashion shows employing fashion models. Modeling rather than flat pattern making realizes the majority of the complicated design works for the fashion shows. However, for the different measurements between the dress form and the real human model, problems often occur during the modeling and fitting processes. Researches on the standard dress form development representing professional fashion models' features are therefore in urgent need to enable the related apparel business and fashion institutes to make appropriate use of the dress form in their jobs. The study has been conducted as a preliminary study using a questionnaire method ultimately to develop the female dress form. A questionnaire in the research aimed at an investigation into the actual conditions of and satisfaction with the usage and the body measurements of existed dress forms. Approximately 30 fashion-related educational institutes and 10 apparel companies responded to the survey. Data derived from the survey was analyzed using SPSS version 10.1, the statistics tool. The results throughout the research were discussed in terms of largely three categories that are; (1) the general conditions of the usage of the dress form to prepare fashion shows: e.g. the frequency of holding the fashion show in an annual term, the proportion of professional and amateur models employed for the fashion show, the methods to construct garments, types and number of dress forms utilized and etc.; (2) factors considered to purchase the dress form e.g. its functionality, shapes, sizes, duration, price, A/S condition and etc.; and(3) satisfaction with the similarity between the dress form and the human body in the relation to the body measurements. Measurements in length wise, front and back waist lengths, neck to bust point on the dress forms were apparently differed from the ones of the actual body. In particular, differed torso length measurements cause the problem to have to alter the whole silhouette, consequently, the resultant patterns as well. In girth measurements, in order of bust and waist girths, the satisfaction was low.