• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.117-121
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• 2021

Multi-crew Pilot License (MPL) is an international pilot certification adopted by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) in 2006 under the recognition of the need for efficient and systematic pilot training including the education of pilots with advanced aviation technology and ability to respond to flight environment, resolution of the human factor problems of pilots, and provision of stable training tools for transport aircraft pilots for potential risk of pilot shortage in the future. South Korea also has prepared a legal basis for operating an MPL system in the Aviation Act in 2009, but there has been no domestic MPL qualifier. The biggest reason for this seems to be the insufficient domestic MPL training system. Therefore, it is necessary to benchmark the international standards of the ICAO, and to promote the development of the Korean MPL training system through revision and supplementation of laws and regulations in consideration of Korean circumstances.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.235-238
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• 2019

Corticobasal degeneration (CBD) is a rare neurodegenerative disease characterized by dystonia, cognitive deficits, and an asymmetric akinetic-rigid syndrome. Little information is available regarding anesthetic management for CBD patients. Our patient was a 55-year-old man with CBD complicated by central sleep apnea (CSA). Due to the risk of perioperative breathing instability associated with anesthetic use, a laryngeal mask airway was used during anesthesia with propofol. Spontaneous respiration was stable under general anesthesia. However, respiratory depression occurred following surgery, necessitating insertion of a nasopharyngeal airway. Since no respiratory depression had occurred during maintenance of the airway using the laryngeal mask, we suspected an upper airway obstruction caused by displacement of the tongue due to residual propofol. Residual anesthetics may cause postoperative respiratory depression in patients with CBD. Therefore, continuous postoperative monitoring of $SpO_2$ and preparations to support postoperative ventilation are necessary.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.329-335
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• 2018

In an electric vehicle and Energy Storage System(ESS), a large number of batteries are connected in series or parallel to obtain high voltage and current. The battery management system(BMS) is needed because battery has a characteristic that explode in overcharging and overcurrent situations due to the nature of the battery material and the battery life is dramatically reduced when the battery is overdischarged below the specified voltage. In this paper, we proposed a system that can manage a large amount of batteries through the communication of master-slave type with multiple microcontroller. We confirmed the stable operation of the proposed system through the balancing-charging and storage mode experiments.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.66-70
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• 2022

The spleen is the most commonly injured organ after blunt abdominal trauma. Nonoperative management (NOM) is the standard treatment for blunt splenic injuries in haemodynamically stable patients without peritonitis. Complications of NOM include rebleeding, new pseudoaneurysm formation, splenic abscess, and symptomatic splenic infarction. These complications hinder the NOM of patients with blunt splenic injuries. We report a case in which a large haemorrhagic fluid collection that occurred after angio-embolisation was resolved by percutaneous drainage in a patient with liver cirrhosis who experienced a blunt spleen injury.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.85-90
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• 2023

The delivery truck is traveled around the delivery area for a long time. Truck drivers cause traffic accidents because of long hours of driving, fatigue, and speeding, etc. In this study, we will test the factors for preventing accidents of drivers. We would like to find factors that affect accidents and improve that can prevent accidents. As in the results of the study, accidents occur when traffic increases and profits increase among driver age, career, and profit factors. In addition, if the volume of traffic increases during the season, the number of accidents increases further. Therefore, in order to prevent truck accidents, a stable cargo quantity must be allocated to truck and cargo must be delivered.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2023.01a
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• pp.311-313
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• 2023

병렬 기계 작업장에서 자원을 효율적으로 활용하기 위해서는 처리할 작업을 적절한 기계에 할당해야 한다. 특정 작업을 처리할 기계를 선택할 때 휴리스틱을 사용할 수도 있으나, 특정 작업장에 맞춤화된 휴리스틱을 개발하는 것은 쉽지 않다. 반면, 본 논문에서는 이종 병렬 기계 작업장을 위한 작업 할당 모형을 개발하는데 강화학습을 응용하고자 한다. 작업 할당 모형을 학습하는데 필요한 에피소드들은 상용 시뮬레이션 소프트웨어인 FlexSim을 이용하여 생성하였다. 아울러, stable-baseline3 라이브러리를 이용하여 강화학습 알고리즘을 생성된 에피소드들에 적용하였다. 실험 결과를 통해 시뮬레이션과 강화학습이 작업장 운영관리에 유용함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.99-99
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• 2011

Fuel cell systems are a completely different form of electricity source that has been used so far and is an aggregation of multiple technologies with multidisciplinary features that can be operated safely only when gas and electrical safety are being considered. Since fuel cells generate through electrochemical reactions there are difficulties in ensuring electricity safety, power quality assessment, effective control and reliability standards for system faults using conventional inspection techniques and even though they are necessary as a primary means for reduction of CO2 owing to the Climate Convention, electrical safety assessment and measures are required for the prevention of faults in residential facilities. Although small-scaled distributed power supplies can be utilized as important means of peak control and energy management measures, research is required for observing the effects on the system and the development of inspection technology to ensure stable operation, and the electrical safety of residential fuel cell systems need to be assessed and the problems derived for establishing electrical safety standards. From the year 2002, Japan has established laws on technical safety standards and development and rules on the product specifications and standards for the industrialization of hydrogen fuel cells. Also, a lot of effort have been made for the commercialization of fuel cells by building one-stop certification services. Internationally, the IEC TC 105 has established international standards based on fuel cells. In order to protect the national interest, the country should be able to respond accordingly meet global standards. In fact, in Korea, to comply with the international trend, Korea Energy Management Corporation is establishing a certified agenda for fuel cells and Korean Agency for Technology and Standards is enacting technical standards for fuel cells. The current terms of fuel cells are that research has been focused more on the quality and performance of manufactured products rather than stable power operation and maintenance over time. In this paper, by considering the household fuel cell as a power device, the safety standards of the fuel cell system for a reliable operation with the existing power system is being proposed.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.458-463
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• 2005

Considering the characteristics of a filtration bio-reactor equipped with a mesh filter module which can effectively maintain high concentration of biomass and enhanced solid-liquid separation performance, the hybrid process of filtration bio-reactor combined with coagulation was investigated to get improved filtration characteristics as well as water quality in this work. Two bio-reactors (Run-1 & Run-2) were operated under the following conditions: working volume of 25 L, continuous loading of a synthetic wastewater (BOD: 200 mg/L, T-N: 50 mg/L, T-P: 5 mg/L), where an appropriate amount of alum ($Al_2(SO_4)_3{\cdot}18H_2O$) was added once a day into the reactor (Run-2). In the system without using a alum (Run-1), the clogging of mesh filter module was observed two times through 85 days of whole operation. Meanwhile, the filter module did not clog even at higher MLSS concentration (6,000~12,000 mg/L) and the stable filtration (0.7 mid) was continued in the case of using a alum. Due to the stable formation of cake layers, BOD and SS were shown below 6 and 3 mg/L, respectively. T-P and pH of the effluent were changed because of the intermittent addition of the alum. In the case of Al/P=2.5, the average T-P removal efficiency per day was 85.2% and the average T-P concentration of the effluent was 0.3 mg/L. However, the removal efficiency of phosphate was influenced by pH in the reactor.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.13-20
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• 2020

This study is about consumer preference of plastic toilets that can provide automatic supply of recycled water. First, the preference for plastic toilet seat design by gender and age group was preferred for gender type C and G for the sex. As the result of the chi-square test, the significance probability is .044 and the significance is P <.0 5. I could confirm that. Age, teens, 40 s, and 50 s or older prefer type C, 20 s and 30 s, but B type is not statistically significant. Second, the differences among the groups of preference for appearance design criteria according to general characteristics were all stable (stable appearance) in gender, age, region, education, and salary, but the chi-square test showed that they were not statistically significant. There was no difference between them. This study has implications for improving competitiveness and productivity by reducing the main production cost by commercializing toilets made of plastic materials.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.226-226
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• 2017

This study was to evaluate methods to high quality food ramie rice cake, thereby increasing farm income. This study investigated the effects of different covering material on stable winter survival management with edible leaf in Ramie(Boehmeria nivea L.). The method of winter survival with covering material were conducted under three condition compose to Non covering, Rice straw cutting covered with 500kg.10a-1, Rice husks covered with 1,000kg.10a-1(covered 4~5 cm thickness in the soil surface). Method of application were standard application(N-P-K-Compost applied at 27-9-27-600kg.10a-1. Compost and fused phosphate applied at 100% of basal fertilizer in March 25. 20% of top dressing were four times application in March 25 - October 5. Planting year were March 15, 2011. Plants were spaced 60 cm apart in rows 25 cm apart with open cultivation. According to non covering < Rice husks covered with 1,000kg.10a-1 < Rice straw cutting covered with 500kg.10a-1 cultivation this order, aerial part as a result were plenty amount of growth. Sprout time and winter survival rates was uncovering control plot compared to 2 - 5 days quickly, 45-57% highly by rice husks and rice straw covering. Green leaf yields is untreated control plot (12,44 kg.10a-1) compared to rice husks covering 7% higher, and rice straw covering increased to 18% of the most.