• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.276-279
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• 2011

We report an unusual case of lupus flare induced by intravenous vancomycin in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. Due to methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus in wound culture, intravenous vancomycin was administered to the patient. The patient had been on vancomycin for several days then she experienced fever, malar rash, and vomiting. Based on laboratory results, it was confirmed as lupus flare. Oral prednisolone was given to the patient for symptom control. However, when vancomycin was readministered, the patient had similar symptom to the previous one more intensively. Vancomycin was stopped then the patient became stable. This case report demonstrates that intravenous vancomycin may manifest as lupus flare in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.22-30
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• 2004

The extract with the dilution of $50\%$ ethanol and treatment of $121^{\circ}C$ for 15min were inhibited highly the growth of staph aureus, Ent. cloacae, Sh. sonnei, A. hydrophila, b. subtilis, St. faecalis and L. casei. of food samples, red-bean dregs with addition of extact of smilax china. leaves or sorbic acid took the similar inhibition effect to microorganisms for the early storage days(1-3days). There was inhibited the growth of microorganisms in strawberry Juice added to 20m1 of $1\%$ extract solution for one storage day in comparison with no addition of smilax china L. Over all with growth inhibition capability to microorganisms and foods, it was believed that the effect and value as the natural food preservatives and the extracts like as this natural plant material took the food safety and it was capable to develop the natural food preservation.

• 약학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.162-175
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• 1972

Fifty six compounds of 4-methylthiosemicarbazone and thiorcarbohydrazone derivatives were prepared and subjected to biological tests. The following five compounds, 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde monothiocarbohydrazone (2),4-methylbenzaldehyde monothiocarbohydrazone (8), 1-(2-hydroxybenzaldehyde)-5(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde) dithiocarbohydrazone (45), 1-(2-hydroxybenzaldehyde)-5-furfural dithiocarbohydrazone (46) and 1-benzaldehyde-5-cinnamaldehyde dithiocarbohydrazone (49) exhibited marked antimicrobial activity against E. coli, St. aureus and P. chrysogenum. In addition to these compounds, 3-methoxybenzaldehyde monothiocarbohydrazone (12) and 4-methylbenzaldehyde dithiocarbohydrazone (29) showed marked inhibition of HeLa cell growth at the concentration of 10 ${\nu}$g/ml. It was generally observed that most compounds demonstrated significant antifungal activity against P. chrysongenum but only one compound, 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde dithiocarbohydrazone (39), exerted antituberculosis activity against M. tuberculosis H$_{37}$ RV at the concentration of 10 ${\nu}$g/ml.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.411-418
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• 1999

In this studies, the ability of chlorine and lactic acid to reduce bacterial population of the pathogenic microorganisms were examined on artificially inoculated chicken skin. About 10$^{5}$ cells of staphylococcus aureus, salmonella enteritidis, listeria monocytogenes and escherichia coli O157:H7 were inoculated in chicken skin. The contaminated samples were washed for 1 min with sodium hypochlorite solutions that contained 2, 5, 10, 20 and 50mg/$\ell$ available chlorine and counted number of the agents. Viable population were no significantly difference (p$\geq$0.05) between concentration of chlorine and strains of the pathogens. In the samples inoculated with pathogens were washed in 20mg/$\ell$ chlorine and then stored at $^5{\circ}C$ for up to 10 days, the initial counts of psychrotrophs and aerobic plate counts were 4.02 to 4.36 log cfu/$\textrm{cm}^2$ and increased slightly in course of time. But 10 days after, the pathogens were a little reduced from 3.66~4.91 log cfu/$\textrm{cm}^2$ to 2.54~4.66 log cfu/$\textrm{cm}^2$. In the case of washed skin with solution of 20mg/$\ell$ chlorine and 0.5% lactic acid then store at $^5{\circ}C$ for up to 10 days, population of psychrotrophs and aerobic plate counts on chicken skin were markedly reduced immediately after treatment, but the numbers of contaminants were slightly increased after 6 and 8 days. Specifically, numbers of St aureus, S enteritidis, L monocytogenes and E coli O157:H7 were reduced to 0.5, 0.4, 0.3 and 1.15 log cfu/$\textrm{cm}^2$ after 10 days of storage, respectively, on aerobic plate counts.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.226-236
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• 2020

Antibiotic resistance by pathogenic bacteria and fungi is one of the most serious global public health problems in the 21^st century, directly affecting human health and lifestyle. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus with strong resistance to the common antibiotics have been isolated from Intensive Care Unit patients at Zagazig Hospital. Thus, in this study we assessed the biocidal activity of nanoparticles of silver, copper and zinc synthesized by Fusarium solani KJ 623702 against these multidrug resistant-bacteria. The synthesized Metal Nano-particles (MNPs) were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Zeta potential. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) result showed the presence of different functional groups such as carboxyl, amino and thiol, ester and peptide bonds in addition to glycosidic bonds that might stabilize the dispersity of MNPs from aggregation. The antimicrobial potential of MNPs by F. solani against the multidrug-resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa and S. aureus in addition to the mycotoxigenic Aspergillus awamori, A. fumigatus and F. oxysporum was investigated, based on the visual growth by diameter of inhibition zone. Among the synthesized MNPs, the spherical AgNPs (13.70 nm) displayed significant effect against P. aeruginosa (Zone of Inhibition 22.4 mm and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration 21.33 ㎍/ml), while ZINC oxide Nano-Particles were the most effective against F. oxysporum (ZOI, 18.5 mm and MIC 24.7 ㎍/ml). Transmission Electron Microscope micrographs of AgNP-treated P. aeruginosa showed cracks and pits in the cell wall, with internalization of NPs. Production of pyocyanin pigment was significantly inhibited by AgNPs in a concentration-dependent manner, and at 5-20 ㎍ of AgNPs/ml, the pigment production was reduced by about 15-100%, respectively.

• 대한기관식도과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기관식도과학회 1982년도 제16차 학술대회연제순서 및 초록
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• pp.14.1-14
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• 1982

저자들은 1980년 1 월부터 1981 년 12월까지 성분도병원 이비인후과 외래를 방문하여 이절치료를 받은 환자 297명에 대한 임상통계학적 및 세균학적 조사를 하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 총내원환자에 대한 이절환자의 비는 27,149 : 991(3.6%) 이었다. 2) 이절의 연령분포는 0∼10세가 63 %로 가장 많았다. 3) 이절환자의 남녀비는 1.3 : 1 이었다. 4) 이절의 월별 발생빈도를 보면 7. 8월이 가장 많았다. 5) 왼쪽귀에 이 환율이 오른쪽보다 다소 많았다. 6) 이절의 발생부위를 보면 Posterior (21 %), Anterior (19%), Multiple (13%) 순이었다. 7) 초진당시 증상의 기간은 평균 4.7 일이었다. 8) 이절환자중 35 %에서 I ＆ D를 행했다. 9) 이절의 가장 많은 원인균은 Staphylococcus aureus (88%) 였다. 10) 평균치료기간은 5.3 일이었다.

• 한국미생물생명공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국미생물생명공학회 2000년도 Proceedings of 2000 KSAM International Symposium and Spring Meeting
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• pp.3-6
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• 2000

Antimicrobial resistance has been a well-recognized problem ever since the introduction of penicillin into clinical use. History of antimicrobial development can be categorized based on the major antibiotics that had been developed against emerging resistant $pathogens^1$. In the first period from 1940 to 1960, penicillin was a dominating antibiotic called as a "magic bullet", although S.aureus armed with penicillinase led antimicrobial era to the second period in 1960s and 1970s. The second stage was characterized by broad-spectrum penicillins and early generation cephalosporins. During this period, nosocomial infections due to gram-negative bacilli became more prevalent, while those caused by S.aureus declined. A variety of new antimicrobial agents with distinct mechanism of action including new generation cephalosporins, monobactams, carbapenems, ${\beta}$-lactamase inhibitors, and quinolones characterized the third period from 1980s to 1990s. However, extensive use of wide variety of antibiotics in the community and hospitals has fueled the crisis in emerging antimicrobial resistance. Newly appeared drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (DRSP), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), extended-spectrum ${\beta}$-lactamase-producing Klebsiella, and VRSA have posed a serious threat in many parts of the world. Given the recent epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance and its clinical impact, there is no greater challenge related to emerging infections than the emergence of antibiotic resistance. Problems of antimicrobial resistance can be amplified by the fact that resistant clones or genes can spread within or between the species as well as to geographically distant areas which leads to a global concern$^2$. Antimicrobial resistance is primarily generated and promoted by increased use of antimicrobial agents. Unfortunately, as many as 50 % of prescriptions for antibiotics are reported to be inappropriate$^3$. Injudicious use of antibiotics even for viral upper respiratory infections is a universal phenomenon in every part of the world. The use of large quantities of antibiotics in the animal health industry and farming is another major factor contributing to selection of antibiotic resistance. In addition to these background factors, the tremendous increase in the immunocompromised hosts, popular use of invasive medical interventions, and increase in travel and mixing of human populations are contributing to the resurgence and spread of antimicrobial resistance$^4$. Antimicrobial resistance has critical impact on modem medicine both in clinical and economic aspect. Patients with previously treatable infections may have fatal outcome due to therapeutic failure that is unusual event no more. The potential economic impact of antimicrobial resistance is actually uncountable. With the increase in the problems of resistant organisms in the 21st century, however, additional health care costs for this problem must be enormously increasing.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.390-399
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• 2016

목적: 본 연구는 육제품 제조 시 가열조건 및 육가공장 규모에 따른 육제품의 저장 중 이화학적 및 미생물학적 변화에 대해 알아보고자 실시하였다. 연구방법: 가열조건은 1차 및 2차 가열조건으로 하였고, 육가공장 규모는 대, 중, 소로 구분하여 이화학적 및 미생물학적 변화로 pH, VBN, 일반세균, 대장균군, 대장균 및 병원성 세균에 대해 7일 간격으로 측정하였다. 결과: 육제품의 가열조건에 따른 병원성 세균(Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Clostridium perfrengens 및 Escherichia coli)에 대해 측정한 결과 1차 가열 후 모두 음성으로 나타났다. pH는 초기 1차 및 2차 가열 후 각각 6.17-6.55 및 6.17-6.56의 범위로 가열조건에 따른 차이를 보이지 않았다. 그러나 저장 35일에는 1차 가열 제품은 5.13-6.00의 낮은 pH를 보인 반면 2차 가열 제품의 경우 5.42-6.19 범위로 1차 가열제품보다 높은 경향을 보였다. VBN 함량은 초기 3.89-7.77 mg%의 범위를 보였고 저장 35일에는 9.38-13.05 mg%로 점차 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 가열조건에 따라서는 2차 가열 후 감소하는 경향을 보였으나 육가공장 규모에 따라 다르게 나타났다. 일반세균수는 초기 1.39-2.96 log CFU/g이였고 저장 35일에 1차 및 2차 가열 후 각각 6.13-7.12 log CFU/g 및 3.46-6.92 log CFU/g으로 2차 가열 후 세균수가 적게 나타났다. 또한 육가공장 규모에 따라서는 이화학적 및 미생물학적으로 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 결론: 따라서 1차 가열로 병원성 미생물 제어는 가능하나 2차 가열로 인하여 저장기간을 연장시킬 수 있을 것으로 보이며 제품의 특성에 맞는 관리가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.48-56
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• 2024

Objectives: The coronavirus pandemic that began in 2019(COVID-19) has been one of the worst pandemics of the 21st century. Masks have been used to prevent COVID-19, but there are currently no standards for the long-term use of masks in the Republic of Korea. This study was conducted to assess the microbiological safety of KF94(Korea Filter 94) disposable face masks according to wearing duration by evaluating the bacterial filtration efficiencies of masks worn by research participants. Methods: A commercially available KF94 mask certified by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety(MFDS) in the Republic of Korea was selected as the test mask. The research participants(n = 15) wore masks for the durations of one, three, and seven days. Participants also reported several parameters, including wearing time, makeup frequency, and storage. Bacterial filtration efficiencies of the worn masks were measured by a mask bioaerosol filtration tester. Staphylococcus aureus(S. aureus) was used as the test bacteria and quantitatively measured through the cultivation method. Then, bacterial filtration efficiency was calculated using the formula suggested by the MFDS. Results: All worn masks showed over 99.98% of mean bacterial filtration efficiency for S. aureus. There were no significant differences among bacterial filtration efficiencies of face masks according to wearing duration. There was also no significant difference among bacterial filtration efficiencies among participants. There was no correlation between the results of bacterial filtration efficiencies and reported parameters from participants. Conclusions: In the absence of significant external damage to the mask, the bacterial filtration efficiency of the mask can be maintained even after seven days of wearing. This result suggests that KF94 masks certified by the MFDS can be used repeatedly for about a week without loss of bacterial filtration efficiency.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.3423-3426
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• 2016

Background: Sepsis is an emergency condition with high mortality and morbidity rate. There are limited data on the association of cancer as a risk factor for mortality in sepsis patients in the emergency department (ED). Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at the ED, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. The study period was between January 1st and December $31^{st}$, 2014. The inclusion criteria were as follows: adult patients over 15 years of age who presented at the ED with suspicion of sepsis, received treatment at the ED, and whose blood culture was found to be positive. Clinical data were recorded from medical records including the Mortality in Emergency Department Sepsis score (MEDS score). The primary outcome of this study was mortality at one month. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent factors associated with death. Results: During the study period, there were 775 eligible patients. The two most common pathogens identified from blood cultures were Staphylococcus aureus (193 patients; 24.9%) and Escherichia coli (158 patients; 20.4%). At one month after presenting at the ED, 110 patients (14.2%) had died. There were four significant factors for death, having cancer, being on an endotracheal tube, initial diagnosis of bacteremia, and high MED scores. Having cancer had an adjusted OR of 2.12 (95% CI of 1.29, 3.47). Conclusions: Cancer patients have double the risk of mortality if presenting with sepsis at the ED.