• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.453-464
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• 2017

The square tubed-reinforced concrete (TRC) column is a kind of special concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) columns, in which the outer thin-walled steel tube does not pass through the beam-column joint, so that the longitudinal steel reinforcing bars in the RC beam are continuous through the connection zone. However, there is a possible decrease of the axial bearing capacity at the TRC column to RC beam connection due to the discontinuity of the column tube, which is a concern to engineers. 24 connections and 7 square TRC columns were tested under axial compression. The primary parameters considered in the tests are: (1) connection location (corner, exterior and interior); (2) dimensions of RC beam cross section; (3) RC beam type (with or without horizontal haunches); (4) tube type (with or without stiffening ribs). The test results show that all specimens have relatively high load-carrying capacity and satisfactory ductility. With a proper design, the connections exhibit higher axial resistance and better ductility performance than the TRC column. The feasibility of this type of connections is verified.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.91-106
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• 2022

Concrete-filled square stainless steel tubes (CFSSST), which possess relatively large flexural stiffness, high corrosion resistance and require simple joint configurations and low maintenance cost, have a great potential in constructional applications. Despite that the use of stainless steel may result in high initial cost compared to their conventional carbon steel counterparts, the whole-life cost of CFSSST is however considered to be lower, which offers a competitive choice in engineering practice. In this paper, a comprehensive experimental and numerical program on 24 CFSSST stub column specimens, including 3 austenitic and 3 duplex stainless steel square hollow section (SHS) stub columns and 9 austenitic and 9 duplex CFSSST stub columns, has been carried out. Finite element (FE) models were developed to be used in parametric analysis to investigate the influence of the tube thickness and concrete strength on the ultimate capacities more accurately. Comparisons of the experimental and numerical results with the predictions made by design guides ACI 318, ANSI/AISC 360, Eurocode 4 and GB 50936 have been performed. It was found that these design methods generally give conservative predictions to the ultimate capacities of CFSSST stub columns. Improved calculation methods, developed based on the Continuous Strength Method, have been proposed to provide more accurate estimations of the ultimate resistances of CFSSST stub columns. The suitability of these proposals has been validated by comparison with the test results, where a good agreement between the predictions and the test results have been achieved.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.35-49
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• 2016

Dopo was the clothing of the Joseon period, which had a strong value of Confucianism. Apart from the kings and princes, government officers and Confucian literati wore Dopo as their official clothing and the uniform. The basic form of Dopo had the straight collar similar to Jikryeong. The difference is the shape of a Mu, which was fixed inside or on the back section along the side line of the front section and made two flaps on the back section. The clothing found in the tombs of Bae Cheonjo (1532~?) are from the mid-16th century to the early 17th century with the clothing style of the early Joseon period. The outer collar of all clothing was the shawl collar except for the Sibok and the inner collar was sewn to this. Two items had square tray collars, which were folded in half and sewn inside in half. The sleeve had a straight inseam from the armhole and its end around the wrist was round and wide. The carp-shaped inseam of the sleeve and wide sleeve indicated a change of sleeve shape. The shapes of the collars and the wide overlapped section of the dual collars demonstrated the shapes of the initial outer robes. The man's outer coats with wide sleeves were mostly cotton-quilted clothing. As described above, this paper examines the basic shapes of outer robes including Sibok, Jikryeong and man's outer coats on the basis of the clothing and artifacts from the tomb of Bae Cheonjo (1532~?) and examined the shapes, composition and features of Dopo. This paper aims to improve awareness of the wisdom and spirit of ancestors in life hidden in the sewing of the three Dopo items and on the importance of historical research.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.17-25
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• 2009

본 연구의 목적은 사고위치별(유입부, 유출부, 교차로내 및 횡단보도) 로지스틱 회귀 교통사고 모형을 개발하는 것이다. 충북지방경찰청의 2004$\sim$2005년도 사고 자료와 현장조사 자료를 근거로, 교통사고와 관련된 기하구조 요소, 환경 요소 등이 분석되었다. 개발된 모형은 카이제곱 p 값은 0.000 그리고 Nagelkerke $R^2$값 0.363$\sim$0.819로 모두 통계적으로 유의한 것으로 분석된다. 개발된 모형의 공통 사고요인은 교통량, 횡단거리 및 좌회전전용차로이며, 특정변수는 교차로내 사고모형의 부도로 교통량, 그리고 횡단보도 사고모형의 주도로 U턴인 것으로 나타나고 있다. Hosmer & Lomeshow 검정은 유입부를 제외한 모형들은 p값이 0.05보다 크기 때문에 통계적으로 적합한 것으로 평가된다. 또한 정분류율 결과는 모든 모형식이 73.9% 이상으로 높은 예측력을 보이는 것으로 분석된다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.351-360
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 스테인리스 강관의 구조재로서 적용성 검토를 위해 편심 축하중을 받는 스테인리스 원형강관 보-기둥에 대한 좌굴강 도와 거동을 파악하고자 한다. 주요변수는 축력과 양단 비대칭 모멘트를 받는 이중곡률 보-기둥에 세장비(細長比)와 편심비(e/k)로 한 스테인리 스 원형강관의 최대내력 및 변형능력 등의 역학적 특성을 규명하며, 이론해석을 통한 실험값과 비교함으로서 스테인리스 강관 구조설계을 위한 기초 자료를 구하는데 그 목적이 있다. 실험결과를 해석결과와 비교해본 결과, 세장비 70의 편심비가 0인 시험체만이 낮고, 그 외 모든 시험체는 해석을 통한 M-P 상관곡선을 상회하는 결과를 보이나, 편심비가 작을수록 해석값에 근접하고 있어, 이론해석에서 적용한 세장비를 고려한 좌굴계수나 강도저감계수가 스테인리스 원형강관에 대해서는 별도의 값이 적용될 가능성이 있는 것으로 판단되며, 더 많은 실험에 의해 확증되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.11-15
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• 1988

건제품으로 가공, 저장되고 있는 다시마는 조직이 연약하여 건조중 상당한 수축현상을 일으키는데 이의 기초적인 자료를 얻기 위하여 일정한 온도 $(50\%,\;10/^{\circ}C)$, 상대습도 $(30\%)$ 및 풍속 (0.4m/s)으로 열풍 건조를 행하여 가로와 세로의 길이변화, 표면적 수축변화 및 수축속도의 변화등에 관하여 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 가로수축이 세로수축보다 건조시간 90분까지 약2배 더 많이 수축하였다. 2) 다시마의 표면적 수축은 건조시간 90분까지는 직선적으로 나타났으며, 전건조과정에서 보인 2단계의 수축곡선은 건조속도곡선의 2단계와 잘 일치하였다. 3) 수축속도는 감률건조1단계에서 급속히 증가하여 감률건조2단계의 초기에 최대의 수축에 달하였다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.32-37
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• 2019

In this study, we designed a blending algorithm for rate adaptive pacing for cardiac pacemaker. Generally, rate adaptive pacing (RAP) is applied to patients whose heart rate does not rise during exercise for chronotropic incompetence (CI) patient. It is very important to develop an algorithm for RAP that can be properly applied to CI patients. In order to design an RAP algorithm we used dual sensors. Firstly, we designed a bio-signal measurement system based on the dual sensors, which are accelerometer and respiratory system. Secondly, we conducted treadmill test for the simulation experiment while using 3-lead ECG as reference. Finally, we designed a blending algorithm based on activation state of the dual sensors. The proposed blending algorithm was subdivided into three sections based on the accelerometer signal, which are rapidly increased section (W1), hardly changed section (W2), and decreased section (W3). Each weight is set aside for each section. To evaluate this algorithm, ten healthy adult males were participated. The correlation and Root Mean Square Error between the proposed algorithm and the reference were compared, and shown to be r=0.88 and 2.82 bpm, respectively. These results show that the proposed blending algorithm of dual sensors enables proper tracking of the heart rate during exercise. Also, it shows the possibility that the proposed blending algorithm can be applied to improve quality of life of the chronotropic incompetence patient.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.278-286
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• 2023

Objectives: This review assessed the performance of implant-supported fixed hybrid prostheses in 21 patients who received a total of 137 implants between 2003 and 2010. The implants were evaluated for marginal bone resorption, complications, success rate, and survival rate based on their vertical angularity, type of bone graft, and measured implant stability. Materials and Methods: One-way ANOVA and chi-square tests were used to analyze the relationships among long-term evaluation factors and these variables. The mean initial bone resorption in the implant group with a vertical angle of more than 20° was 0.33 mm and mean final bone resorption was 0.76 mm. In contrast, the mean initial bone resorption in the implant group with a vertical angle of less than 10° was 1.19 mm and mean final bone resorption was 2.17 mm. Results: The results showed that mean bone resorption decreased with an increase in the vertical placement angle of the implants used in fixed hybrid prostheses, as well as in the group without additional bone grafts and those with high implant stability. The success rate of implants placed after bone grafting was found to be higher than those placed simultaneously. Conclusion: These results suggest that implant-supported fixed hybrid prostheses may be an effective treatment option for edentulous patients, and intentionally placing implants with high angularity may improve outcomes.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.552-562
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• 2001

Measurement of average of heat transfer and friction coefficients were obtained with air flowing through electrically heated ducts having square, rectangular(aspect ration, 5), and triangular cross section for range of surface temperature from $540^{\circ}$to $1780^{\circ}$ R and Reynolds number from 1000 to 330,000. The results indicates that the effect of heat flux on correlations of the average heat transfer and friction coefficients is similar to that obtained for circular tubes in previous investigation and was nearly eliminated by evaluating the physical properties and density of the air a film temperature halfway between the average surface and fluid bulk temperatures, With the Nusselt and Reynolds numbers on the hydraulic diameter of the ducts, the data for the noncircular ducts could be represented by the same equations obtained in the previous investigation for circular tubes. Correlation of the average difference between the surface corner and midwall temperatures for the square duct was in agreement with predicted values from a previous analysis. However, for the rectangular and triangular ducts, the measured corner temperature was greater by approximately 20 and 35 percent, respectively, than the values predicted by analysis.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.823-834
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• 2002

Steel-Concrete Column은 H형강의 플랜지 사이에 후프를 용접하고 플랜지 사이의 공간에 콘크리트가 채워진 새로운 합성기둥이다. 본 연구에서는 이 새로운 합성 기둥의 구조성능을 평가하기 위하여 단주압축, 휨, 전단실험을 수행하였다. 각 실험별 실험체들을 순철골 실험체와 철골 콘크리트 실험체로 구성하여 Steel-Concrete Column을 구성하는 철골, 내부 콘크리트, 후프의 내력기여도를 평가할 수 있도록 하였다. 실험결과 Steel-Concrete Column은 $\ulcorner$강구조 한계상태 설계 기준$\lrcorner$ 에 의해 계산된 내력값을 충분히 만족하여 구조부재에 적용 가능하다고 판단된다.