• 대한안전경영과학회지
• /
• 제8권3호
• /
• pp.37-50
• /
• 2006

The trends in building construction these days are moving towards having better work spaces and greater suitability for the use of information technology. Therefore people can work in a more relaxed delightful and pleasant environment. Accident such as like fire could cause the mass destruction of human beings. This paper aims to evaluate the path of the spread of a fire and the suitability of fire fighting appliances for maximum egress time. General advanced phase of compartment. Aswell, we analyzed and verified the path of the flame in compartment fires. Also we conducted an analysis of the adaptation of sprinkler systems concerned with sprinkler RTI. Moreover those evaluation is made more earlier by the development and use of computer simulation program and rapid progress to apply PBFD (Performance Based Fire Design).

• Corrosion Science and Technology
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.6-14
• /
• 2014

Copper metal is widely used in tubes installed in sprinkler water services because of its excellent corrosion resistance. Copper corrosion is considered to be insignificant in water system and the incident of copper pipeline failure is relatively low. However, pitting corrosion is a major problem with all copper tubes. In this study, leaked sprinkler copper tubes were collected from three different locations and examined on the causes of pitting corrosion of copper tubes in sprinkler water plumbing systems. Electrochemical tests such as potentiodynamic polarization, as well as surface and chemical analyses were performed. Results show that pitting corrosion of copper tubes were found as Type I pitting that the carbon film formed on the copper tubes have a harmful effects, causing the pinhole failure in the pipe and resulting in leakage of water. The contermeasures on Type I pitting corrosion of copper tubes were proposed.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국방재학회 2008년도 정기총회 및 학술발표대회
• /
• pp.461-464
• /
• 2008

This study is for the corrosion property of sprinkler pipe and the prevention solution. The main causes of corrosion are the deterioration of pipe and wrong installation of pipe. This study includes the property of stainless pipe that is widely used as sprinkler pipe and other kinds of pipe, the theory of corrosion procedure and the result of test that is performed to ascertain the advance degree of corrosion about "A" factory complex using pipe samples that were collected at designated point of each factory complex.

• 한국화재소방학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국화재소방학회 1997년도 International Symposium on Fire Science and Technology
• /
• pp.376-383
• /
• 1997

Fire experiments were conducted in a real scale room which is assumed to be a residential living room under the various opening conditions and locations of wood crib fire source to study on fire hazard before and after sprinkler activation. Concentrations of oxygen and carbon monoxide, smoke density, and temperature were measured to look into environmental conditions in a room of fire origin. The response time of residential sprinklers was also examined in relation to distance between sprinkler heads and a fire source.

• 한국화재소방학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국화재소방학회 2001년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.252-258
• /
• 2001

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제33권3호
• /
• pp.46-51
• /
• 2018

A basic sprinkler system is a fire extinguishing system that can be easily installed in a fire-vulnerable place such as a publicly used establishments. However, the publicly used establishments are not only complicated in structure, but also have a large amount of flammable interior materials, and the users are not normally in a normal state, which is a very dangerous fire-fighting object. Therefore, due to the low fire extinguishing performance of the basic sprinkler system installed in the publicly used establishments, the fire suppression control can not be performed quickly in case of fire, which may increase the life and property damage. In this study, the cases of quantitative changes of extinguishing water used in basic sprinkler system and the cases of addition of additives such as wetting agents, reinforced agents to improve extinguishing performance were compared. Experimental results showed that the extinguishing performance was improved as the quantity of extinguishing water increase and the reinforced agents showed similar performance to that of 60% increase in the amount of extinguishing water. The cooling time to $200^{\circ}C$ and oxygen concentration were improved up to 14.3% and 34.5%, respectively. In the case of using the wetting agent, the cooling time to $200^{\circ}C$ and oxygen concentration did not show any significant improvement, but showed the effect of preventing deep seated fire. In order to prevent loss of life and property, it is necessary to improve the performance of the basic sprinkler system by increasing amount of extinguishing water or using additives like reinforced agents.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.116-120
• /
• 2008

2005년 개정된 소방법에 의하면 11층 이상의 신축 아파트는 전(全)층에 스프링클러를 설치하게 되어 있으나, 2005년 이전의 소방법은 16층 이상의 아파트에 대해서 16층부터 최상층까지 스프링클러를 설치하여 화재 시에 작동하여 소화를 하게끔 되어 있다. 본 사례는 2005년 이전에 지어진 17층 아파트의 17층 한 가구에서 담배에 의한 실화로 추정되는 화재에 의해 피해자가 사망한 사건으로서 유족 측에서 화재 시에 스프링클러가 정상작동하지 않은 이유에 대해 의문을 제기한 사건이다. 현장조사를 통해 동 아파트 16층에서 화재감지기를 작동시키면 스프링클러가 정상작동 하였으나, 17층에서 화재감지기를 작동시키면 스프링클러가 작동하지 않음을 확인하였고, 동 17층에서 스프링클러가 작동하지 않은 원인이 스프링클러제어기의 프로그래밍 결함에 있다는 것을 밝혔다.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
• /
• 제30권5호
• /
• pp.26-35
• /
• 2016

스프링클러 설비는 화재 발생 시 화재를 초기에 제어 및 진압하는 설비로서 어떠한 화재 분위기에서도 스프링클러 헤드의 작동온도에서 정상적인 동작을 하여야 한다. 그러나 최근 화재성장속도가 느린 화재 발생 장소에서 일부 조기반응형 스프링클러 헤드가 정상적인 동작을 하지 않을 수 있다는 문제가 제기되고 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 공동주택 침실규모의 모형실험 및 캐비넷형 버너를 이용하여 화재성장속도가 느린 조건을 형성하고 실제 현장에서 배관 내에 가해지는 최소압력인 0.2MPa 이상의 가압수를 공급하여 실험을 진행하였다. 실험결과 국내에서 사용되고 있는 과반수 이상의 플러쉬형 조기반응형 스프링클러 헤드에서 Cold Soldering 현상이 발생되면서 불완전하게 개방되는 것이 확인되었다. 이러한 현상은 화재 조기진압 및 제어에 실패하여 화재확산 및 인명피해의 원인이 될 수 있으므로 추가적인 연구를 통해 국내 형식승인 및 제품검사기준의 보완의 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.66-75
• /
• 2018

랙크 내 설치되는 차단막은 초기 화재확산을 지연시키는데 큰 역할을 담당하고 있으나 소화를 목적으로 설치되는 천장형 스프링클러의 입장에서는 소화수의 원활한 공급에 장애물로서 비춰질 수도 있다. 이에 In-Rack 스프링클러와 차단막을 동시에 적용하는 방법 등이 제시되고 있으나 차단막의 설치조건에 따른 화재확산 지연성능 및 In-Rack 스프링클러에 미치는 영향 등에 관한 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 축소모델 화재실험을 통해 차단막의 설치조건에 따른 화재확산 지연성능과 In-Rack 스프링클러에 미치는 영향 등을 분석하였다. 그 결과, 랙크 내에 수평과 수직 차단막을 동시에 설치한 경우, 4배 이상의 화재확산 지연성능이 발휘되는 것을 확인하였으며, 구획화로 인한 구획 내 온도 상승 또한 약 2~3배 가량 높은 것으로 나타나 In-Rack 스프링클러가 조기에 작동될 수 있도록 유도하는 긍정적인 효과 또한 존재하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국분무공학회지
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.127-134
• /
• 2021

Fire sprinkler initial spray was analyzed by Large eddy simulation (LES) and Volume of Fluid (VoF) integrated method. The IsoAdvector geometric VoF was used to identify the liquid-gas interface clearly even with the large Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy number. To reduce the computational costs, sector meshes and Adaptive Mesh Refinement up to level 3 were used. Base mesh size was 1 mm, which is roughly equivalent to the initial sprinkler droplet. Top surface radius of boss and deflector size were modified to investigate the effects of sprinkler head design on primary breakup process. When top surface radius of boss was increased, vertical liquid sheet was formed. This phenomenon reduced the sheet breakup radius, sheet thickness and velocity. Due to reduced liquid sheet thickness, a large amount of ligaments was created from the liquid sheet. As a result, there was a dramatic decrease in volume per surface area, indicating an increase in breakup process. Spray pattern viewed in radial direction also changed when top surface radius of boss increased. When top surface radius of boss was increased, a T-shaped pattern was observed while a V-shaped pattern was observed in all other cases. When the deflector size increases, the spray pattern remains V-shaped, even if the top surface radius of boss increased. Further studies on promoting atomization of the water supplied to the lower part of the sprinkler head in the T-shape pattern should be conducted.