• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.411-422
• /
• 2012

Ground-based in-situ measurements of aerosol optical properties at Gosan climate observatory have been analyzed to investigate the optical contribution of Asian dust and polluted particles on light absorption in springtime 2011. During the Asian dust episode, the contribution of Asian dust particle to aerosol absorption coefficient estimated about 45% at 370 nm and about 23% at 520 nm. Especially, black carbon in dust plume contributes about 48% to aerosol light absorption at 520 nm since the airmass are transported from the Gobi and inner Mongolia deserts, and this airmass comes across the northeastern coast of China, near the Shandong Peninsula. In pollution case, the contributions of dust particle and black carbon to aerosol absorption coefficient estimated about 41% and 11% at 370 nm, respectively. However, pollution case shows the highest light absorption of 48% for brown carbon at 370 nm, which indicates the significantly high mass concentration of organic carbon ($6.3{\pm}2.2{\mu}g\;m^{-3}$) in pollution plume can contribute to the increase of light absorption at near-UV spectral region.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.15-21
• /
• 2010

A differential case equipped with LSD(limited slip differential) has several advantages over a normal type for rear wheel drive vehicles. Specially, the torque distribution can be done between left and right drive wheel in the state of limited slip differential. Also although LSD types are very various according to operating type, medium and torque distribution, a multi-clutch type is generally applied to rear wheel drive vehicles. So, this study presents the analysis of design parameters for development of a friction plate for multi-clutch type LSD using vehicle road test, the simulation of analytical model and the development of vehicle dynamics model by a benchmark product. According to this investigation, the design parameters which are pre-load of coil spring, friction plate and contact area quantity, friction coefficient and TBR(torque bias ratio) for a friction plate are derived from experiment and simulation and consequently, vehicle dynamics model has been constructed for the development of friction plate for multi-clutch type LSD.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국추진공학회 2009년도 제33회 추계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.399-402
• /
• 2009

로켓엔진 연소기의 음향 불안정 억제를 위해 헬름홀츠 공명기의 음향학적 최적 설계 설계조건을 실험적, 해석적으로 연구하였다. 표준 음향시험 절차에 따라 음향파관에 공명기를 장착하여 음향파응답 신호를 측정하였다. 측정된 신호를 토대로, 흡음계수를 계산하였고, 이로부터 공명기의 음향감쇠 성능을 파악하였다. 헬름홀츠 공명기를 스프링-댐퍼 시스템으로 상사하여, 음향학적 감쇠성능을 이해하였다. 헬름홀츠 공명기의 설계변수로 목의 길이와 공동의 크기 등을 선택하였다. 공동의 크기가 커질수록 흡음성능이 증가하였고, 목 길이가 길어질수록 흡음성능이 감소하였다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국철도학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.352-364
• /
• 2007

It is essential to reduce track maintenance costs and to extend the periodic replacements of continuous welded rails based on accumulated passing tonnage. As recently train load decrease and rail joints wear down less, the periodic replacements of continuous welded rails can be extended. There are many kinds of rail damage like squat, head-check and corrugation. These can be taken nondestructive or naked eye test. So the periodic replacements of continuous welded rails based on accumulated passing tonnage were examine with focusing on a crack of rail bottom of continuous welded rail. Therefore, this study measure dynamic response of track by metro train load, it compute impact coefficient and track spring coefficient for estimating a condition of actual track system. Also, it is converted the measured stress waveform into stress frequency histogram by the rain-flow counting methods, and then the equivalence of stress is calculated. As apply s-n curve of a new welded rail, accumulated fatigue damage ratio of laid rail and remaining service lives is estimated. This study suggest a plan of the periodic replacements of continuous welded rails based on accumulated passing tonnage classified by the types of track system.

• 한국해양공학회지
• /
• 제32권3호
• /
• pp.177-183
• /
• 2018

This study simulated ice load and the motion response of a moored semi-submersible rig in pack-ice conditions using a finite element method. Ice flows of random size and shape were modeled, and interactions for ice-sea, ice-structure, ice-ice were simulated using a simplified method. Parameters for the simplified method such as drag force coefficient and the pressure-penetration relation were obtained based on the result of detailed analysis using the coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian method. The mooring lines were modeled by spring elements based on their stiffness. As a result of the simulation over 1,400 seconds, the force and motion response of the rig were obtained and validated using discrete elements and compared with the results found by the Krylov State Research Centre.

• 항공우주기술
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.84-90
• /
• 2012

연소기용 연료개폐밸브는 파일롯 공압으로 포핏을 열고 스프링 힘에 의해 닫음으로써 로켓엔진의 연료 유량을 제어한다. 현재 개발 중인 연소기 연료개폐밸브는 액추에이터에서 압력이 제거되더라도 유로부에 해당 압력이 존재한다면 스스로 열림을 유지하는 방식으로 설계되어 있다. 밸브의 성능을 평가하기 위해 밸브가 열리고 닫히는 특성에 따라 힘 평형 상태를 분석할 필요가 있다. 이를 위하여 밸브의 포핏이 열리기 위한 파일롯 압력과 닫히기 위한 유로부 압력을 힘 평형에 의해 조절되도록 설계하였다. 또한, 상용 소프트웨어인 Fluent CFD 해석을 통해 밸브의 고유유량계수를 구해보았다. 예측과 해석을 통해 획득된 결과들은 실험 결과와 비교하였다.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전산구조공학회 2001년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.515-522
• /
• 2001

A simplified method is presented for the computation of eigenvalue and eigenvector derivatives associated with repeated eigenvalues. In the proposed method, adjacent eigenvectors and orthonormal conditions are used to compose an algebraic equation whose order is (n+m)x(n+m), where n is the number of coordinates and m is the number of multiplicity of the repeated eigenvalue. One algebraic equation developed can be computed eigenvalue and eigenvector derivatives simultaneously. Since the coefficient matrix of the proposed equation is symmetric and based on N-space, this method is very efficient compared to previous methods. Moreover the numerical stability of the method is guaranteed because the coefficient matrix of the proposed equation is non-singular, This method can be consistently applied to both structural systems with structural design parameters and mechanical systems with lumped design parameters. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, the finite element model of the cantilever beam and a 5-DOF mechanical system in the case of a non-proportionally damped system are considered as numerical examples. The design parameter of the cantilever beam is its width, and that of the 5-DOF mechanical system is a spring.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제32권6호
• /
• pp.753-767
• /
• 2019

Vibration control in mechanical equipments is an important problem where unwanted vibrations are vanish or at least diminished. In this paper, free vibration active control of the porous sandwich piezoelectric polymeric nanocomposite microbeam with microsensor and microactuater layers are investigated. The aim of this research is to reduce amplitude of vibration in micro beam based on linear quadratic regulator (LQR). Modified couple stress theory (MCST) according to sinusoidal shear deformation theory is presented. The porous sandwich microbeam is rested on elastic foundation. The core and face sheet are made of porous and three-phase carbon nanotubes/resin/fiber nanocomposite materials. The equations of motion are extracted by Hamilton's principle and then Navier's type solution are employed for solving them. The governing equations of motion are written in space state form and linear quadratic regulator (LQR) is used for active control approach. The various parameters are conducted to investigate on the frequency response function (FRF) of the sandwich microbeam for vibration active control. The results indicate that the higher length scale to the thickness, the face sheet thickness to total thickness and the considering microsensor and microactutor significantly affect LQR and uncontrolled FRF. Also, the porosity coefficient increasing, Skempton coefficient and Winkler spring constant shift the frequency response to higher frequencies. The obtained results can be useful for micro-electro-mechanical (MEMS) and nano-electro-mechanical (NEMS) systems.

• 한국기계가공학회지
• /
• 제21권8호
• /
• pp.43-52
• /
• 2022

The vibration characteristics of a hammer press are important parameters for machine design and production control. In this study, a counterblow hammer press was mathematically modelled as a mass-spring-damper system in order to analyze its vibration characteristics. The forging efficiency was theoretically derived as a function of the mass ratio, momentum ratio, and the coefficient of restitution And the effects of the mass ratio, momentum ratio and the restitution coefficient on the forging efficiency were also investigated for two particular cases of the unit mass ratio and unit momentum ratio. Additionally, the vibration responses of the counterblow hammer press due to the ram colliding impact were analyzed, and the force transmitted to the foundation through the mounting unit was determined.

• 한국제4기학회지
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.79-84
• /
• 2003

This study revealed the differences in runoff processes of granite drainage basins in Korea and Mongolia by hydrological measurements in the field. The experimental drainage basins are chosen in Korea (K-basin) and Mongolia (M-basin). Occurrence of intermittent flow in K-basin possibly implies that very quick discharge dominates. The very high runoff coefficient implies that most of effective rainfall quickly discharge by throughflow or pipeflow. The Hortonian overlandflow is thought to almost not occur because of high infiltration capacity originated by coarse grain sized soils of K- basin. Very little baseflow and high runoff coefficient also suggest that rainfall almost does not infiltrate into bedrocks in K-basin. Flood runoff coefficient in M-basin shows less than 1 %. This means that most of rainfall infiltrates or evaporates in M-basin. Runoff characteristics of constant and gradually increasing discharge imply that most of rainfall infiltrates into joint planes of bedrock and flow out from spring very slowly. The hydrograph peaks are sharp and their recession limbs steep. Very short time flood with less than 1-hour lag time in M-basin means that overland flow occurs only associating with rainfall intensity of more than 10 mm/hr. When peak lag time shows less than 1 hour for the size of drainage area of 1 to 10 km2, Hortonian overland flow causes peak discharge (Jones, 1997). The results of electric conductivity suggest that residence time in soils or weathered mantles of M-basin is longer than that of K-basin. Qucik discharge caused by throughflow and pipeflow occurs dominantly in K-basin, whereas baseflow more dominantly occur than quick discharge in M-basin. Quick discharge caused by Hortonian overlandflow only associating with rainfall intensity of more than 10 mm/hr in M-basin.